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Articles 1 - 30 of 387
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Model And Design-Based Analysis Of Complex Surveys., Joydip Mitra Dr.
Model And Design-Based Analysis Of Complex Surveys., Joydip Mitra Dr.
Doctoral Theses
We consider estimating the total Y of a variable y defined on a survey population. The survey is complex only in the sense that we admit sample selection with arbitrary probabilities. Our 'analysis' consists in examining efficacies of conf Idence intervals for the For this we need point estimators and or mean square error (MSE) variance { estimators, respectively say, total. the corresponding e and v. The distribution, resulting from repeated sampling, of the pivotal quantity d = (e-Y)/V 1s supposed to approximate that of standard normal deviate t or of Students t with (n-1) degrees of freedom, assuming large …
Resolving A Conflict Between Coherence Theory And Classical Radiometry, Incoherent Planar Sources Are Lambertian, Dorothy M. Seitz
Resolving A Conflict Between Coherence Theory And Classical Radiometry, Incoherent Planar Sources Are Lambertian, Dorothy M. Seitz
Honors Capstone Projects and Theses
No abstract provided.
Multicriteria Mission Route Planning Using A Parallel A* Search, Michael S. Gudaitis
Multicriteria Mission Route Planning Using A Parallel A* Search, Michael S. Gudaitis
Theses and Dissertations
The Mission Route Planning (MRP) Problem falls into the general class of multicriteria path search problems. Multiple criteria are evaluated to select an optimal aircraft mission route through a hostile environment. Criteria for distance travelled and radar exposure are combined into a single cost function for route evaluation. Radar calculations are performed dynamically. The A* search algorithm is applied to the MRP problem, and a parallel implementation is developed and tested. A unique combination of distributed OPEN lists with a global CLOSED list strategy produced fast execution times on the Paragon. Test cases for scenarios with 15 radars took less …
An Evaluation Of Five Perfluorinated Hydrocarbons As Tracers In Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids, Jennifer K. Bergin
An Evaluation Of Five Perfluorinated Hydrocarbons As Tracers In Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids, Jennifer K. Bergin
Masters Theses
Tracers are used in many facets of hydrogeological investigations. At this time, only tracers for aqueous phase liquids are known. The object of this investigation is to assess the viability of a suite of hydrocarbons as tracers m underground spills of non-aqueous phase liquids.
Laboratory experiments were performed to determine if the potential tracers were soluble in common petroleum hydrocarbons, non-volatile, differentiable and quantifiable by GC/MS, and conservative.
The first compound tested, perfluorokerosene, was detected but could not effectively be determined quantitatively with the GC/MS. Its use should be restricted to investigations in which only its presence, and not its …
Subsurface Glacial Geology Of The Area Between The Tekonsha And Kalamazoo Moraines, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, Kim Finkbeiner
Subsurface Glacial Geology Of The Area Between The Tekonsha And Kalamazoo Moraines, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, Kim Finkbeiner
Masters Theses
Cross sections profiling the stratigraphy of the glacial sediments were created using the geological logs recorded on water well records. Glacial sediments in the study area comprise a large outwash complex between two moraines. The surficial landforms are the result of the last Wisconsinan advance and retreat through the area.
Cross sections contructed for this project reveal at least three major till units. An additional till unit contains a weathered soil sequence. Therefore, it is possible that this paleosol represents the Sangamon Interglacial period between the Wisconsinan and Illinoian stages. No obvious evidence of movement of the Saginaw Lobe remains …
Investigations Of Glacial-Drift Aquifer-Lake Interactions Using Hydrogeology, Geochemistry, And Stable Isotopes At Asylum Lake, Michigan, Vincent E. Buening
Investigations Of Glacial-Drift Aquifer-Lake Interactions Using Hydrogeology, Geochemistry, And Stable Isotopes At Asylum Lake, Michigan, Vincent E. Buening
Masters Theses
A hydrogeological investigation of Asylum Lake and its associated unconfined glacial-drift aquifer in Kalamazoo, Michigan was undertaken to define the lake-aquifer interaction at the study area. In addition, the impact of development proximal to the study area on ground water and lake-water quality was evaluated. Hydrogeology, inorganic water chemistry, and stable isotopic ratios of deuterium to hydrogen were employed to establish the interaction of the lake and the aquifer.
The findings from this study indicated that: (a) the sandy unconfined glacial-drift aquifer discharges into the lake along its western margin and is recharged by the lake along its eastern margin; …
Determination Of The Bulk Modulus Of A Lennard-Jones Solid, Spencer A. Van Roekel
Determination Of The Bulk Modulus Of A Lennard-Jones Solid, Spencer A. Van Roekel
Masters Theses
The quantum Monte Carlo method is used to determine the bulk modulus of a Lennard-Jones solid. The quantum Monte Carlo method is discussed in detail and is compared with other numerical methods used previously.
The zero pressure bulk modulus of a Lennard-Jones solid is computed at a number of different temperatures and compared with experimental data.
The Photonic Band Structure Of Dielectric Systems With A Frequency Dependent Dielectric Function, Jiezhou Liu
The Photonic Band Structure Of Dielectric Systems With A Frequency Dependent Dielectric Function, Jiezhou Liu
Masters Theses
The concepts of band theory for electrons can be employed to describe the behavior of electromagnetic waves propagaiting in periodic dielectric structures with a frequency independent dielectric function. These periodic structures can produce photonic band gaps in which the propagation of electromagnetic waves is strictly prohibited. The introduction of a frequency dependent dielectric function in such systems gives rise to strong changes of the photonic bands in the neighborhood of the frequency resonance of the dielectric function.
In my thesis, the photonic band structure of a dielectric system with a frequency dependent dielectric function which undergoes a dielectric resonance will …
An Experimental Apparatus For Studying Double Differential Scattering By Low-Energy Multiply Charged Ions From Atomic Targets, Meenatchi S. Gopinathan
An Experimental Apparatus For Studying Double Differential Scattering By Low-Energy Multiply Charged Ions From Atomic Targets, Meenatchi S. Gopinathan
Masters Theses
A new differential energy-gain spectrometer with a movable parallel-plate electrostatic energy analyzer has been constructed and tested for the study of double differential (in energy and angle) cross sections for state-selective electron capture processes in collisions of low-energy multiply charged ions with atomic gases. The ion beam is produced by extracting recoil ions from a primary interaction region where these ions are generated in collisions between a neutral target gas and a fast fluorine beam from the WMU tandem Van de Graaff accelerator. An einzel lens is used to focus the ion beam extracted from the recoil-ion source into a …
Absolute Photonic Band Gaps Of Zincblende, Ulrich Bass
Absolute Photonic Band Gaps Of Zincblende, Ulrich Bass
Masters Theses
One concept of examining the propagation of an electromagnetic wave through a periodic structure is the dispersion curve which relates the frequency of the propagating wave to its wave vector. In some cases frequency ranges occur where no propagation is possible. These ranges are called absolute photonic band gaps as far as periodic dielectric structures are concerned.
In my thesis I am interested in the dispersion curve of a Zincblende type dielectric array. Zincblende is a diamond-like structure and it has been shown that diamond structures possess absolute photonic band gaps. In studying Zincblende we want to gain deeper insight …
The Reaction Of Caffeic Acid And Copper (Ii) In Natural Water, Ling Xiaozheng Xu
The Reaction Of Caffeic Acid And Copper (Ii) In Natural Water, Ling Xiaozheng Xu
Masters Theses
The interaction of the lignin precursor compound caffeic acid with copper(lI) in aqueous solution was studied. In the presence of a reducible transition metal, such as copper, caffeic acid undergoes oxidation. Oxygen was shown to play an important role in the reaction. The UV-visible data demonstrated that the conjugated double bond in the propenoic acid side chain of caffeic acid slowly disappeared during the reaction. The molecular weight experiments indicated that the product was a dimer. FTIR spectrum agreed with two possible dimer structures involving the side chain of caffeic acid. In addition, the reaction was shown to be reversible. …
Generalized Probabilistic Reasoning And Empirical Studies On Computational Efficiency And Scalability, Eric P. Baenen
Generalized Probabilistic Reasoning And Empirical Studies On Computational Efficiency And Scalability, Eric P. Baenen
Theses and Dissertations
Expert Systems are tools that can be very useful for diagnostic purposes, however current methods of storing and reasoning with knowledge have significant limitations. One set of limitations involves how to store and manipulate uncertain knowledge: much of the knowledge we are dealing with has some degree of uncertainty. These limitations include lack of complete information, not being able to model cyclic information and limitations on the size and complexity of the problems to be solved. If expert systems are ever going to be able to tackle significant real world problems then these deficiencies must be corrected. This paper describes …
Next Generation Real-Time Systems: Investigating The Potential Of Partial-Solution Tasks, Robert E. J. Caley
Next Generation Real-Time Systems: Investigating The Potential Of Partial-Solution Tasks, Robert E. J. Caley
Theses and Dissertations
While the cyclic executive and fixed-priority scheduling strategies have been sufficient to handle traditional real- time requirements. they are insufficient for dealing with the complexities of next-generation real-time systems. New methods of intelligent control must be developed for guaranteeing on-time task completion for real-time systems that are faced with unpredictable and dynamically changing requirements. Implementing real-time processes as partial-solution tasks is one technique that may be beneficial. This type of task. when combined with intelligent control, has the potential for increasing pre-runtime schedulability, system maintainability. and runtime robustness. This research investigates the benefits of partial-solution tasks by experimentally measuring the …
Frame Selection Performance Limits For Statistical Image Reconstruction Of Adaptive Optics Compensated Images, Stephen D. Ford
Frame Selection Performance Limits For Statistical Image Reconstruction Of Adaptive Optics Compensated Images, Stephen D. Ford
Theses and Dissertations
The U.S. Air Force uses adaptive optics systems to collect images of extended objects beyond the atmosphere. These systems use wavefront sensors and deformable mirrors to compensate for atmospheric turbulence induced aberrations. Adaptive optics greatly enhance image quality; however, wavefront aberrations are not completely eliminated. Therefore, post-detection processing techniques are employed to further improve the compensated images. Typically, many short exposure images are collected, recentered to compensate for tilt, and then averaged to overcome randomness in the images and improve signal-to-noise ratio. Experience shows that some short exposure images in a data set are better than others. Frame selection exploits …
Factors In Human-Computer Interface Design (A Pilot Study), Susan Stewart
Factors In Human-Computer Interface Design (A Pilot Study), Susan Stewart
Theses and Dissertations
The DoD has budgeted over $9.8 billion for 1995 for information technology, yet many government office workers let their existing systems sit idle. This thesis explores why these computers are sitting idle. This researcher's initial hypothesis was that certain features of the human-computer interface can positively or negatively affect efficiency, retention, and satisfaction level of workers. Although some research is being done in this area, interfaces continue to be of poor quality, especially in the DoD, where long procurement cycles, forced purchases, and limited budgets result in out-of-date software. Intuitively most programmers know the human-computer interface impacts on a person's …
Improving Intrusion Detection In Unix-Based Networks, David R. Landry
Improving Intrusion Detection In Unix-Based Networks, David R. Landry
Theses and Dissertations
Computer security has not kept pace with the rapid growth of networked systems. Through its connection to the Internet, the Department of Defense is vulnerable to computer-based attacks. Current intrusion detection systems are still unproven, too complicated, or too costly for most system security officers to implement. The attack methods used by system intruders are known and can be represented as groups of commands called attack signatures. This thesis investigates methods for detecting intruders by monitoring command usage. Testing was conducted in both controlled and uncontrolled circumstances. With controlled testing, it was shown that 7 of the 11 signatures could …
A General Object Model Transformation System, John P. Mullaney
A General Object Model Transformation System, John P. Mullaney
Theses and Dissertations
Cecil and Fullenkamp developed a program that transforms knowledge captured in an object-model in one environment into a different object-model in a different environment. This program worked well for the intended purpose, but if one of the object-models is replaced by a different object-model then this transformation program has to be re-engineered. As the object-modeling paradigm becomes more prevalent, many systems are experiencing this problem. The primary goal of this research was to determine what reusable knowledge could be extracted from these types of program and used to build a general object-model transformer that generalizes such transformation programs. Toward this …
Unification Of Larch And Z-Based Object Models To Support Algebraically-Based Design Refinement: The Z Perspective, Kathleen M. Wabiszewski
Unification Of Larch And Z-Based Object Models To Support Algebraically-Based Design Refinement: The Z Perspective, Kathleen M. Wabiszewski
Theses and Dissertations
This research established a foundation for formalizing the evolution of based object models to theories, part of a dual approach for formally extending object-oriented analysis models using the Z and LARCH languages. For the initial phase, a comprehensive, consistent, and correct Z language parser was implemented within the SOFTWARE REFINERY™ Programming Environment. The Z parser produced abstract syntax trees (ASTs) of objects, thereby forming the basis for analyzing the similarities and differences between the based and LARCH-based object representations. The second phase used the analysis of the two languages to identify fundamental core constructs that consisted of similar syntactic and …
A Comparison Of Error Categorization Schemes For Use In Software System Safety Programs, Richard Escobedo, Jim Thomas
A Comparison Of Error Categorization Schemes For Use In Software System Safety Programs, Richard Escobedo, Jim Thomas
Theses and Dissertations
Software safety is becoming increasingly important in the development of DoD advanced weapon systems. To make software safer, hazard conditions must be avoided along with the errors that accompany them. The first step in identifying errors is classifying error data. The area of software error classification is not as advanced as other software development areas. The technical literature lacks examples of comprehensive taxonomies that can be applied to various computer software domains and applications. The predominant approach is to organize errors into categories particular to the program currently in work. The typical error scheme is made of narrow categories that …
Feasibility Exploration Of Throughfold As A Predictor For Target Loading And Associated Error Bounds, Kris G. Rongone
Feasibility Exploration Of Throughfold As A Predictor For Target Loading And Associated Error Bounds, Kris G. Rongone
Theses and Dissertations
Various applications of the Fredholm integral equation appear m different fields of study. An application of particular interest to the Air Force arises in determination of target loading from nuclear effects simulations. Current techniques first unfold the incident spectrum then determine target loading; resulting spectrum and loading are assumed exact. This study investigates the feasibility of a new method, through-fold, for directly determining defensible error bounds on target loading. Through-fold uses a priori information to define input data and represents target response with a linear combination of instrument responses plus a remainder to derive a quadratic expression for exact target …
Predicting Protein Structure Using Parallel Genetic Algorithms, George H. Gates Jr.
Predicting Protein Structure Using Parallel Genetic Algorithms, George H. Gates Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The protein folding problem is a biochemistry Grand Challenge problem. The challenge is to reliably predict natural three-dimensional structures of polypeptides. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are robust, semi-optimal search techniques modeling natural evolutionary processes. Fast messy GAs (fmGAs) are variants of messy GAs that reduce the exponential time complexity to polynomial. This investigation evaluates the merits of parallel SGAs and fmGAs for minimizing the potential energy of a pentapeptide, (Met)-enkephalin. AFIT's energy model is compared to a similar model in a commercial package called QUANTA. Differences between the two models are identified and resolved to enhance GAs' abilities to correctly fold …
Designing And Implementing An Ada Language Binding Specification For Odmg-93, Stephen R. Lindsay
Designing And Implementing An Ada Language Binding Specification For Odmg-93, Stephen R. Lindsay
Theses and Dissertations
Object-oriented database management systems (ODBMSs) represent the latest advancement in database technology, combining the reusability and maintainability of the object-oriented programming paradigm with the ability to efficiently store and retrieve a wide range of data types as well as code to manipulate stored data. Unfortunately, programmers developing software in the Ada programming language do not have the ability to interface to object databases without significant customized code development. One important reason for this has been the absence of a standard defining the constructs accessing ODBMS functionality. This thesis documents the creation of an Ada language binding to the ODMG-93 standard …
Modeling Workload Effectiveness And Efficiency Of Air Force Wing Command And Control, Michael D. Sarchet
Modeling Workload Effectiveness And Efficiency Of Air Force Wing Command And Control, Michael D. Sarchet
Theses and Dissertations
This research investigated the feasibility of applying software engineering technology to the Air Force wing command and control (C2) domain. As part of this research, domain analysis and object-oriented techniques were investigated and a specific approach was chosen to analyze the domain. Analysis of the domain resulted in an object-oriented domain model that captured the key objects, operations, and associations of wing C2. The domain model was used to design and implement a prototype software tool that enables wing decision makers to make assessments about automation's impact on wing C2 operations.
Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation And Head Motion Tracking In A Virtual Environment: An Engineering Approach, James E. Russell
Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation And Head Motion Tracking In A Virtual Environment: An Engineering Approach, James E. Russell
Theses and Dissertations
Software engineering tools and techniques were applied to design and implement an application that reduces lag typically present in virtual environment displays. The application was a Multiple Model Adaptive Estimator (MMAE), composed of three Kalman filters, that predicted head orientation one sample period into the future. The environment rendering software used these predictions to generate the environment display. Each of the filters in the MMAE was designed for a different assumed head motion type (benign, moderate, or heavy), which allowed the MMAE to adapt to changes in head movement characteristics. The use of Ada 9X as an implementation language for …
Survey And Implementation Of Commercial Manual Controllers For A Generic Telerobotics Architecture, Thomas E. Deeter
Survey And Implementation Of Commercial Manual Controllers For A Generic Telerobotics Architecture, Thomas E. Deeter
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to determine an input device for the Air Force's generic telerobotics architecture for large aircraft maintenance and repair. One area of concern is the human to machine interface, more specifically, which manual controller should be used for the specified tasks in this architecture. We mailed a survey to 68 companies in order to compile a list of possible input devices that the telerobotics architecture could use. 32 companies responded which gave me enough data to generate a list that described the physical traits of the input devices. We then divided the required tasks into …
Image Perception Wavelet Simulation And Enhancement For The Visually Impaired, Lemuel Ray Myers Jr.
Image Perception Wavelet Simulation And Enhancement For The Visually Impaired, Lemuel Ray Myers Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
This research delves into the area of image enhancement for the visually impaired. Binocular macular degeneration a visual impairment, affects many Americans; since this condition could not be corrected with conventional glasses the literature suggested using an enhancement system which used a pre-emphasis algorithm to enhance the input image for output to the observer. The work of Dr. Eli Peli, a pioneer in the field of image enhancement, is examine and reproduced. Since his work concentrated mainly on frequency analysis of images, the bulk of this research involves using discrete wavelet analysis to augment that work. A biorthogonal wavelet set …
Tracking And Impact Prediction Of Earth-Crossing-Objects (Ecos) On A Collision Course With Earth, Gregory A. Bishop
Tracking And Impact Prediction Of Earth-Crossing-Objects (Ecos) On A Collision Course With Earth, Gregory A. Bishop
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated the effectiveness of Earth-based angles only observations in determining the orbit of various hypothetical Earth-Crossing-Objects (ECOs). 'True' trajectories were simulated specifically for Earth-Crossing- Comets (ECCs) by numerically integrating in a Restricted Three Body system. Starting at Earth impact points, the state vectors were reverse-propagated" to a proposed detection time. Observations (obs), with state-of-the-art accuracy, were then simulated with error induced by a Gaussian random number generator; these were used in a least- squares differential corrector to estimate the positions of the ECOs. State vectors and covariance matrices were then propagated to the impact times and axis lengths …
Flow Visualization Of A Turbulent Shear Flow Using An Optical Wavefront Sensor, Daniel W. Jewell
Flow Visualization Of A Turbulent Shear Flow Using An Optical Wavefront Sensor, Daniel W. Jewell
Theses and Dissertations
The research reported here investigated the use of a shearing interferometer (SI) wavefront sensor to determine the effects of shear-layer turbulence on an optical wavefront. A collimated helium-neon laser beam was propagated through a plane shear-layer produced by mixing helium and nitrogen at different velocities. Since the gases have different indices of refraction, the optical wavefront was distorted by different amounts by each gas. The SI measured the wavefront slope across the sampled area of the wavefront. The shear-layer was viewed from two orthogonal directions. This document contains shadow graphs, interference patterns imaged by each of the SI's six cameras, …
Computing Norad Mean Orbital Elements From A State Vector, Dwight E. Andersen
Computing Norad Mean Orbital Elements From A State Vector, Dwight E. Andersen
Theses and Dissertations
NORAD maintains and disseminates mean orbital elements on Earth-orbiting satellites in the form of Two-Line Element Sets (TLE). Five mathematical propagator models were developed for NORAD's use to predict the position and velocity using TLEs. This study investigated two approaches, Newton's method and direct iteration, to inverting this process by iterating to obtain NORAD-compatible mean orbital elements from a position and velocity state vector and the drag term. The Newton's iteration method was developed but not tested. The less computationally intensive direct iteration method was developed, coded in FORTRAN, and tested. The initial guess and subsequent corrections in the iterative …
A Correlational Study Of The Sei's Capability Maturity Model And Software Development Performance In Dod Contracts, Robert M. Flowe, James B. Thordahl
A Correlational Study Of The Sei's Capability Maturity Model And Software Development Performance In Dod Contracts, Robert M. Flowe, James B. Thordahl
Theses and Dissertations
The Software Engineering Institute's (SEl's) Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is to measure an organization's software development process maturity. The Department of Defense (DoD) has model with the belief that a more mature software development process will result in a more successful software subject. Although there is a growing body of anecdotal evidence supporting this presumed correlation, there is empirical evidence. Thus, the goal of our research was to determine the nature of the correlation, if any, :ware process maturity and software project success, where process maturity is based on a CMM rating and success based on the parameters of cost …