Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Optimal Groundwater Mining Methods, Richard C. Peralta, Krzysztof G. Kowalski

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Slack-Water Deposits And The Magnitude And Frequency Of Flash Floods, Eastern Kentucky, Russell G. Shepherd, Lisa K. Bienkowski

KWRRI Research Reports

The potential for predicting flood magnitude and frequency using sediments deposited in backwater areas during flash floods was investigated on the Cumberland Plateau of eastern Kentucky, a region n9torious for flash flooding. Slack-water deposits are abundant in the area at tributary mouths and bedrock channel expansions. They are identifiable on geologic quandrangle maps, and are locally good potential indicators of maximum flood-crest elevations. However, in this humid region, flash floods could not be distinguished from non-flash floods using slack-water sedimentology.

The results from the slack-water deposits studied indicate that they offer limited potential for predicting flash floods because 1) intense …

Mesoscale Hydrographic Variability In The Vicinity Of Points Conception And Arguello During April May 1983: The Opus 1983 Experiment, Larry P. Atkinson, Kenneth H. Brink, Russ E. Davis, Burton H. Jones, Theresa Paluszkiewicz, David W. Stuart

CCPO Publications

In April and May 1983, interdisciplinary oceanographic observations were made of upwelling events in the Point Conception area off southern California. The principal objective was to observe the structure and time dependence of the upwelling system. To accomplish this, two ships, two aircraft, moorings, drogues, and satellite imagery were all included in the observational effort. During the intensive measurement period three main upwelling events and two intervening relaxation or downwelling intervals were sampled during what was a period of overall longer-term sea surface warming. Surface temperatures during upwelling were as low as 10.5°C in the upwelling center between Point Arguello …

Hydrographic Data From The Wolftrap Section, 1982-1983, L. M. Huzzey, J. M. Brubaker

Reports

No abstract provided.

Cliff-Height And Slope-Angle Relationships In A Chronosequence Of Quaternary Marine Terraces, San Clemente Island, California, Russell Crittenden, Daniel R. Muhs

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Zusammenfassung. Eine Abfolge quartarer Strandterrassen auf ~an Clemente Island, Kalifornien, liefert einen Rahmen fur die quantitative Analyse der Anderungen an vom Meer verlassenen Kustenkliffen als Funktion der Zeit. Es wurde eine Abschatzung der Anwendbarkeit von BUCKNAM & ANDERSON (1979) log-lin~arer Beziehung zwischen Wandhohe und Hangwinkel durchgefuhrt, indem Brandungskliffhohe und maximale Hangwinkel verwendet wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine regelhafte Zunahme des Hangwinkels mit dem Logarithmus der Kliffhohe, und Kliffe einer bestimmten Hohe zeigen m,it der Zeit eine Abnahmedes maximalen Hangwinkels. 1m ganzen waren die Relationen schwacher als fur FluBterrassen und Bruchstufen in unverfestigten Materialen, aber die Methode kann wahrscheinlich verwendet werden, …

A Scientific Application For Remotely Operated Vehicles, Mark S. Gustafson

Theses and Major Papers

Although Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) have been employed in the underwater circuit since the mid-1990s, their impact upon the ocean community has not been felt until the past decade. The remotely operated vehicle (ROV) industry developed from the needs of the oil and gas community to find a cost efficient, and safe method of replacing man and manned submersibles underwater. However, marine scientists have been reluctant to accept this tool as part of their research inventory. The slowness of technological transfer stems from several issues: the lack of quantifiable results; the untried technology; and a lack of awareness. The objective …

A Histological Investigation Of The Larval Mandibular Organ In The Mud Crab Rhithropanopeus Harrisii (Gould) (Crustacea Decapoda Xanthidae), Lore Lynn Hantske

OES Theses and Dissertations

Mandibular organs of the mud crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould) were histologically located and followed throughout the larval cycle to determine their role in metamorphosis. Specimens from each day of the four larval stages and the megalopa stage were embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 8 μm, stained and observed under the microscope for the mandibular organs. The organs were located in the mandibular area of second, third and fourth stage larvae. The organs were probably present in the first stage zoeae and in the megalopa stage, although the

techniques of the study were not sensitive enough to observe them. The …

Long-Term Effects Of Tillage On The Retention And Transport Of Soil Water, H. D. Scott, L. S. Wood, W. M. Miley

Technical Reports

Quantitative measurements were made of the physical and chemical properties of two virgin prairie soils, Crowley and Jay, that remain in their native Arkansas environments and of similar soils that had been tilled extensively. Comparisons were made of soil properties at several depths. When compared with the tilled soils the virgin soils had higher organic matter contents, saturated hydraulic conductivities and water retained at several applied pressures. Bulk densities and hydraulic resistances were lower in the virgin soils. For the Crowley silt loam, values of pH and elemental contents of the virgin soil were higher than those of the tilled …

Algal Growth Potentials And Heavy Metal Concentrations Of The Primary Streams To Upper Beaver Lake, Richard L. Meyer, W. Reed Green, Kenneth F. Steele, Diana Wickliff

Technical Reports

Meyer and Green (1984) demonstrated the probable inhibition of algal growth potential by heavy metals in upper Beaver Lake. Upper Beaver Lake receives water from three tributaries. One contains a small reservoir and the combined streams receive sewage input. Collections were made approximately monthly at eight sites for the Algal Assay Bottle Test (AABT) and heavy metal analysis. In general, AABT results indicated that the collections above the sewage lnput were phosphorus limited while those below were nitrogen or combined nitrogen and phosphorus limited. Growth inhibition occurred during summer and early fall at various sites with greater inhibition at the …

Local Water Resource Information Management System, David G. Parker, Sandra C. Parker

Technical Reports

A Beaver Lake water quality database has been designed as a relational database. It has been implemented using software called R:base 5000, a system available for microcomputers using MS- or PC- DOS operating systems. The data in the database include that concerned with the author(s), title, date of publication, agency doing the study, agency funding the study and complete reference for the document. Other aspects of the database are designed to allow retrievals based on any author, study dates, parameters measured and keywords.

Evaluation Of Packed Towers For Removing Volatile Organics From Surface Waters, James W. Moore

Technical Reports

This study analyzes the potential of packed tower aeration as a remedial treatment process for the removal of trace organics on either an acute or chronic basis. Both pilot-scale installations of the packed tower process were reviewed. Included are basic modeling considerations for the removal of volatile trace organics from raw water. Included also is an assessment of the state of the technology as applied to air stripping of water.

Qualitative And Quantitative Aquatic Algal Data Compilation To Determine Macrotrends- Ii, Richard L. Meyer

Technical Reports

A database of the algae of Arkansas has been established by the use of a relational database management system (dBase III). The system was chosen to be readily available for microcomputers using MS and PC-DOS. The database contains taxonomic fields from division through variety, synonomy, authors, starting date and definitive descriptive source. The data is cross-referenced by ecoregion, community and subcommunity. The database contains nearly 1,500 taxonomic records in all division and classes of freshwater algae. These data are sortable by any of the included parameters. The data have been used to initiate the publication of the algal flora of …

The Behavior Of Soluble Salt In Sharkey Clay- Ii, J. T. Gilmour, R. E. Baser, H. D. Scott, J. A. Ferguson

Technical Reports

Soluble salts have been shown to accumulate in Arkansas soils in sufficient quantities to impair crop plant growth. The major objective of this study was to describe the behavior of soluble chloride salt over long time periods in Sharkey clay - a major Mississippi Delta soil. Prior to flooding rice, leaching of chloride in response to rainfall was observed. The inclusion of a sandy subsoil layer reduced this effect presumably by limiting downward movement of water under unsaturated conditions. No lateral movement of the chloride salt was found during the period prior to flooding. Removal of soluble chloride salts from …

Fishermen's Personal Injuries: A New Look At The Fishing Industry's Insurance Crisis, Frederic M. Fairfield

Theses and Major Papers

Increasing cost and shrinking availability of marine insurance have resulted in serious problems for broad sectors of the nation's commercial fishing fleet. Sharp reductions in the availability of Protection and Indemnity coverage have idled vessels nationwide regardless of individual safety records. The causes of the current problem are varied and numerous, with significant roles played by the fishing industry, the regulatory framework, the insurance industry, and the legal remedies involved. Ultimately, the solution will require both a reduction in the frequency of fishermen's injuries and modifications to the present compensation system, reducing insurance costs while security equitable compensation for the …

As Assessment Of The Fisheries Research Program Of The National Marine Fisheries Service, Gary Page Bulmer

Theses and Major Papers

The nation's fishery management regime has three primary sets of players: the scientific advisors, the managers, and the fishermen. The advisors include federal agencies, state agencies, universities, regional and interstate bodies, and international bodies. The National Marie Fisheries Service (NMFS) has the lead role as scientific advisor. As used here "management" is defined broadly to include the instructions and funding that the researchers are given. "Fisheries research" is also defined broadly for the purposes of this paper. It means the collection of any biological, economic, or social information which is relevant to fisheries management.

New Genera And Species Of The Megaluropus Group (Amphipoda, Megaluropidae) From American Seas, James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The species of the Megaluropus group, here placed in three genera, two of which are described as new, are reported from the Caribbean Sea and the eastern Pacific Ocean. The west African Megaluropus longimerusSchellenberg is redescribed and a lectotype chosen. It is placed in the new genus Gibberosus which otherwise has three American species, G. falciformis, G. myersi, and a new species, G. devaneyi. Megaluropus is now confined to the Old World. A second new genus from the New World, Resupinus, is described to include R. visendus and two new species, R. spinicaudatus and R. coloni …

Two Species Of Hornellia (Subgenus Metaceradocus) From The Florida Keys And Belize (Amphipoda, Melphidippoidea), James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Hornellia (Metaceradocus) atlanticus, a new species from Belize, related to M. occidentalis, an eastern Pacific species, is reported from the Caribbean Sea and a morphologically remote new species, M. tequestae, is described from the Florida Keys.

Storm Surge Predictions At Sewell's Point With Local Wind, Pressure, And Previous Surge As Surge Predictors In Chesapeake Bay, Joy Elaine Moses

OES Theses and Dissertations

The statistical model used to predict storm surge. which is defined as the difference between observed water level and predicted astronomical tide. at Sewell's Point. Virginia. for the last ten years relies on forecast surface air pressures interpolated over a large portion of the Atlantic Ocean. A variation on this method is developed which adds previous station surge and local wind and pressure terms with time leads up to 18 hours to the Pore prediction for surge. and develops surge prediction equations for three substations eight to 65 miles (13 to 105 km) from Sewell's Point. The Sewell's Point surge …

Patterns Of Diurnal Vertical Distribution And Dispersal-Recruitment Mechanisms Of Decapod Crustacean Larvae And Postlarvae In The Chesapeake Bay, Virginia And Adjacent Offshore Waters, Robert Copeland Maris

OES Theses and Dissertations

Larval dispersal and subsequent postlarval recruitment are extremely significant processes affecting the maintenance of ecologically and economically important populations of decapod crustaceans. Vertical positioning in the water column plays a major role in the particular strategies of retention or expulsion with immigration.

The present study was undertaken to investigate variations in vertical distribution according to temporal (diurnal), spatial (estuarine, transition, oceanic), ontogenetic (larval stages, postlarvae) and various environmental factors (especially light, temperature, salinity and tides). Also, effects of vertical positioning on dispersal-recruitment were examined.

Three stations were established for the present study: York River mouth (estuarine) (37°12'N, 76°16'W); Chesapeake Bay …

Bathymetric Artifacts In Sea Beam Data: How To Recognize Them And What Causes Them, Christian De Moustier, Martin C. Kleinrock

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Sea Beam multibeam bathymetric data have greatly advanced understanding of the deep seafloor. However, several types of bathymetric artifacts have been identified in Sea Beam's contoured output. Surveys with many overlapping swaths and digital recording on magnetic tape of Sea Beam's 16 acoustic returns made it possible to evaluate actual system performance. The artifacts are not due to the contouring algorithm used. Rather, they result from errors in echo detection and processing. These errors are due to internal factors such as side lobe interference, bottom-tracking gate malfunctions, or external interference from other sound sources (e.g., 3.5 kHz echo sounders or …

Assuring Sustained Groundwater Availability & Achieving Conjunctive Water Management By Target Approaches, Ann W. Peralta

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Beyond Bathymetry: Mapping Acoustic Backscattering From The Deep Seafloor With Sea Beam, Christian De Moustier

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

In its standard mode of operation, the multibeam echosounder Sea Beam produces high resolution bathymetric contour charts of the seafloor surveyed. However, additional information about the nature of the seafloor can be extracted from the structure of the echo signals received by the system. Such signals have been recorded digitally over a variety of seafloor environments for which independent observations from bottom photographs or sidescan sonars were available. An attempt is made to relate the statistical properties of the bottom‐backscattered sound field to the independently observed geologicalcharacteristics of the seafloor surveyed. Acoustic boundary mapping over flat areas is achieved by …

Phase Ii Report Hurricane Kate Report Capt. Crunch Report Wellwood Shipping Company, Richard E. Dodge, W. Goldberg, D. Landmeier, G. Mcintosh, B. Raymond, L. Rivas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

Explorations, Vol. 2, No. 2, Kathleen Lignell, Carole J. Bombard, David Dean, James A. Wilson, Robert S. Steneck, Les Watling, David K. Stevenson, Daniel F. Belknap, Joseph T. Kelley

Explorations — A Journal of Research

Cover: The painting reproduced on the cover is an oil on canvas entitled “Konrad Oberhuber’s Visit to Compass Harbor, Maine, ” by Michael Lewis, 1985. Lewis is Professor of Art at the University of Maine at Orono. ©Michael Lewis, 1985

Articles include:
"The Gulf of Maine: A Sea Beside a Sea," by Kathleen Lignell

"The Gulf of Maine Littoral world of promise," by Carole J. Bombard for David Sanger

"Marine Worms Worth Fifteen Dollars Each?" by David Dean

"Free Trade, Not Trade War," by James A. Wilson

"Inner Space—The Gulf of Maine: its history and future for research," by Robert …

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla Juncea) In Western Australia. Survival And Fecundity Of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum) Populations In Lupin Crops. Reproduction And Seed Persistence In Arum Lily (Zantedeschia Aethiopica)., F. D. Panetta

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

After ripening and fates of field-stored skeleton weed seeds, 86BA11. Predation on seeds of skeleton weed, 86BA10. The effects of wetting/drying cycles upon the fates of skeleton weed seeds, 84PE42. Skeleton weed demographic studies, 84BA17. Radish control in lupins, 86N085. Seed production and seed persistence in Arum lily, 86PE56. Germination studies on fresh and stored seeds of Arum lily, 86PE57.

The Physics Of The Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Worth D. Nowlin, John M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

A region of transition of surface water characteristics from subantarctic to Antarctic and an associated eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) have long been recognized to exist as a band around Antarctica. In this review we summarize the most important observational and theoretical findings of the past decade regarding the ACC, identify gaps in our knowledge, and recommend studies to address these. The nature of the meridional zonation of the ACC is only now being revealed. The ACC seems to exist as multiple narrow jets imbedded in, or associated with, density fronts (the Subantarctic and Polar fronts) which appear to …

Deep Flow Variability In Central Drake Passage, John M. Klinck, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

A rotary empirical orthogonal function analysis of the currents measured in central Drake Passage during DRAKE 79 shows that the deep (2500 m) flow has the same spatial and temporal structure as the flow at 500 m, suggesting that current variability in this region penetrates to the bottom. However, comparison of the time amplitude of the corresponding modes indicates that the variability of the 2500 m flow resulting from north to south shifts in the location of the Polar Front lags that at 500 m by one to three days. This implies that the Polar Front slopes to the east …

Fungicide Testing, M. J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicidal control of Phoma blackstem disease in medic, 86 KA 11. Medic cultivar susceptibility to Phoma blackstem disease, 85 KA 56. Role of Phoma seed infection in medic, 85 KA 57. Effect of soil pasteurization on damage caused by six fungal root pathogens, 86 PE 53. Susceptibility of 18 sub-clover cultivars to isolates of the clover scorch fungus, Kabatiella caulivora, 86 PE 54. Effect of plant age or growth stage of subterranean clover on susceptibility to infection by the clover scorch fungus, Kabatiella caulivora, 86 PE 55. Susceptibility of rapeseed lines to blackleg crown canker, 86 MT 1, 86 MT …

Foliar Wheat Diseases And Cereal Smuts., R. Loughman, A. E. Twigg

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Chemical control of leaf spots of wheat, 86BA41, 86MT49. Semi-natural inoculum for plant breeders plots, 86MD2. Chemical control of soil-borne flag smut, 86ME73, 86M032. Chemical control of barley loose smut, 86AL50, 86KA59, 86MT47. Chemical control of loose smut in barley with different levels of seed infections, 86MT48. Disease characterisation of cereal variety trial stage 4 sites.

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed In Western Australia, Afghan Thistle Ecology, Biology Of Gorteria Personata., J. Dodd

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The ecology of skeleton weed in Western Australia, 84BA17. Afghan thistle ecology, 84N050. Regenerative ability of stem and root segments, 85PE51. Biology of Gorteria personata, 86M03, 86N08. Life cycle, 86M03, 86N08. Germination requirements, 86PE7.