Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Groundwater - Surface Water Integration Study In The Grand Prairie Of Arkansas, Carl L. Griffis

Technical Reports

A mathematical model of the Quaternary Aquifer of the Grand Prairie, Arkansas was developed and used to evaluate a variety of methods of artificially recharging this aquifer. In addition, the model was used to evaluate the impact of various levels of water management and the probable movement of artificially recharged water in the aquifer. Improved water management and the use of recharge wells were the two alternatives that showed the most promise as potential solutions. The rate of movement of recharged water was determined by the model to be 300 ft./year under a gradient of 16 ft./mile.

Air Bubbles In An Oceanic Mixed Layer: Effect On Gas Concentrations And Air-Sea Gas Exchange, Larry P. Atkinson

CCPO Publications

This thesis attempts to determine the effect of air bubbles that are entrapped into the surface layers of the ocean by breaking waves on gas concentrations in the ocean and gas exchange across the air-sea interface. N₂ and Ar data gathered during the Hudson-70 expedition produced indications of the magnitude and nature of the effect. A mathematical model is developed that equates the input of gas via bubble solution with the vertical eddy diffusion. Published values for bubble spectra and solution rates are used and assumptions are made concerning the effect of wind on bubble spectra. The model predicts …

Morphologic Time Series From A Submarine Sand Ridge On The South Virginia Coast, John F. Mchone Jr.

OES Theses and Dissertations

Submarine sand ridges several km long locally merge southward into the U. S. Atlantic coastline. Shallow (< 8m) observations of -such a ridge at False Cape, Virginia, favor a modern hydraulic origin. Time series maps show the ridge to be paralleled by a landward trough of approximately equal volume. Ridge flanks are usually steeper on the trough side.

Northeasterly winds and waves generate a coast-parallel current which funnels southward into the trough scouring it out and providing sediments for ridge aggradation. The current may be organized as a helical flow cell or cells. Bottom currents converge southward along the ridge crest causing landward transport of traction load along the crest. The trough current eventually breaches the confining ridge at the head of the trough, cutting saddles with steeper seaward slopes and producing outlying sediment fans.

The ridge and trough rest obliquely …

A Mathmatical Model Of Primary Productivity And Limnological Patterns In Lake Mead, Lorne G. Everett

Publications (WR)

The temporal and spatial changes in chemical and biological properties of Lake Mead have been investigated, thereby indicating the sources of water pollution and the time of highest pollution potential. Planktonic organisms have been shown to indicate the presence of water problems. Macro- and micro-nutrient analyses have shown that primary productivity is not inhibited by limiting concentrations. A mathematical model has been developed, tested with one set of independent data, and shown worthy of management utility. Although the model works very well for the Lake Mead area, the physical reality of the Multiple Linear Regression equation should be tested on …

Physical And Geological Studies Of The Proposed Bridge-Tunnel Crossing Of Hampton Roads Near Craney Island, C. S. Fang, B. J. Neilson, A. Y. Kuo, R. J. Byrne, C. S. Welch

Reports

Part 1: James River Hydraulic Model Tests

Part 2: Impact on Shoreline, Hampton Flats and Newport News Point Area

Part 3: Drogue Study, Hampton Flats and Newport News Point

Part 4: Hydraulic Model Test Results

Surface Water Turbidity In The Entrance To Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, James R. Melchor

OES Theses and Dissertations

Seasonal and spatial variations in the surface water turbidity across the entrance to Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, have been monitored with an optical transmissometer for one year. The data indicate a suspended-sediment gradient across the entrance with higher turbidity on the south side. This condition suggests that the flooding and ebbing tidal currents are influenced by Coriolis force. Clearer ocean water is introduced into the bay on the north side; whereas highly turbid water from the major drainage systems exits on the south side. A salinity gradient with18 0/00 on the south side of the bay and approximately 32 0/00 on …

Determination Of Nutrient Levels And Proposed Predictive Models For Phosphate In The Lafayette River, Norfolk, Virginia, John R. Montgomery

OES Theses and Dissertations

The Lafayette River, an Urban, well-mixed estuarine embayment, was sampled from October, 1970 to January, 1972 for phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, oxygen, water temperature and salinity. The mean values found for these samples were: oxygen saturation from 69% to 106% nitrate from 0 to 4 microgram-atoms per liter, and salinity from 13 ‰ to 24 ‰. The mouth of the Elizabeth River to Hampton Roads as also sampled from May, 1971 to August, 1971. The Lafayette and Elizabeth Rivers were also sampled over a 24 hour period in the summer of 1971 and the Lafayette River again in the winter of …

Phytoplankton Distribution In Waters Off The Northeastern Coast Of The United States, Sharon H. Craft

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Abstract unavailable.

Micronesia: Post World War Ii Sequential Socio-Economic Development, Dale S. Brown Jr.

Theses and Major Papers

An examination of the socio-economic development of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (Micronesia). A section devoted to early development deals with the long history of foreign administrators who have controlled the islands. The paper deals with interaction between the Micronesians and their administrators and will focus upon relations with the current administrator, the United States, which operates in the islands under a mandate from the United Nations. At the time of the writing of this paper the Micronesians were holding a plebiscite to determine their future political direction. Consideration is given to economic trends within the islands, the …

Growth Patterns Of The World's Merchant Marine, John R. Devereaux Jr.

Theses and Major Papers

Developments in the world ocean-borne transport industry since World War II are reviewed and major trends identified; based on these trends significant implications are derived. The study is limited to the deep sea segment of the shipping industry and touches on related fields, such as the coastal trades and port development, only where trends in the deep sea trade affect them. The major trends identified are the continued growth of ocean-borne trade, the ever growing ship size wherever it proves practical and economical, and the rapid evolution of ship specialization.

Current Post Development Problems, Andrew J. Conklin

Theses and Major Papers

The major problems confronting United States' seaports are investigated as they relate to the 1970s time frame. The influence of the merchant marine's transition to new, large and deep drafted ships is examined as it pertains to harbor and channel depth, pier and storage requirements, waterborne traffic control and port economic impact. Present seaport facilities are barely keeping abreast with new developments in cargo transportation and handling methods. Additionally, major port development problems are magnified by the recent awarenesss of the environmental value of the coastal zone. Only a limited amount of area remains in most ports, both below the …

Defense Contracting Policy: An Interface Mechanism With The Defense Industry, George P. Neyman Iii

Theses and Major Papers

A broad overview of the contractual relationship between the military and the defense industry with emphasis on contracting trends and the impact of these trends on the nature of the defense industry, shipbuilding in particular. A brief historical survey of government contracting from the American Revolution to the present time is designed to review the principal legislative actions developed to control the procurement process. The advantages and disadvantages of the important contract types are discussed. Defense contracting policy is found to be shifting from cost reimbursement contract to the incentive contract. The trend to contract incentives is found to be …

Instructions For Using Oceanography Form 1 (Virginia Institute Of Marine Science Hydrographic Data Form), Richard W. Moncure

Reports

Instructions for coding oceanographic data on Form 1.

Oceanographic Data Collected In The Chesapeake Bight Of The Virginian Sea From 1966 Though 1969, E. P. Ruzecki, J. J. Norcross, F. J. Wojcik

Reports

This report is intended to make unsynthesized oceanographic data readily available to the scientific community. 3 Similar reports are envisioned which will include physical, chemical, biological and geological data collected by personnel of the Virginia Institute ·of Marine Science in areas of the continental shelf, and coastal zone to include beaches, wetlands, estuaries and tidal rivers - areas in which the Commonwealth of Virginia has a vested interest.

The Development And Constitutionality Of The 1971 Delaware Coastal Zone Act, Francis Cameron

Theses and Major Papers

In June 1971, the Delaware Legislature passed the Delaware Coastal Zone Act that barred heavy manufacturing industry from locating in an area one to six miles deep along the state's 115 mile coastline. The act created a State Coastal Zone Industrial Control Board to hear appeals from decisions of the State Planner. In addition, the act prohibited the construction in the bay of marine terminals for the transshipment of liquid and solid bulk materials of any substance, (specifically aimed at offshore oil and coal transfer) from vessels to onshore facilities. The law's immediate effect was to block several hundred million …

Spiny Lobster Mariculture In The State Of Florida, W. Richard Boehmer

Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the reader to the Florida spiny lobster, Panuluris argus; to show the economic potential for the mariculture of this species by exposing value and size of the U. S. spiny lobster market; to present Florida’s legal provisions for mariculture and how spiny lobster farming would be acceptable; to indicate the biological considerations for the rearing of spiny lobster larva and postlarva; and to introduce a general plan for the mariculture of spiny lobster, that considers the legal provisions of leasing wetlands in Florida and incorporates the biological considerations of spiny lobster.

Oil Pollution And The Coastal State, J. T. O'Brien

Theses and Major Papers

It will be the purpose of this paper to pose and answer this question...How has the legal competence of a coastal state been strengthened with respect to that state's ability to prevent marine oil pollution? The question by implication presupposes that a certain change in legal competence is in fact occurring. The legal and historical baseline from which to gauge this gradual change will be established by reviewing past milestones in oil pollution law. A closer examination will then be made of recent evolutionary changes in both international and national oil pollution law subsequent to the Torrey Canyon Disaster of …

External States And The Indian Ocean: The Potential For Confrontation, James P. Cartwright

Theses and Major Papers

A study of the common interests of internal and external states in the Indian Ocean and identification of the methods, and their potential for confrontation, employed by external powers in pursuit of their interests. The historical interests of external powers in the Indian Ocean are depicted. Common interests, which have commanded the attention of internal states and external powers during recent years, are identified. The Indian Ocean is divided into five regions, each region characterized by the aforementioned common interests. The assets, mutual relations and interests of the littoral states comprising each region are described. The interests and methods of …

Containerships: A Point Of Departure Or A Panacea?, Dale S. Brown Jr.

Theses and Major Papers

The advent of containerships has revolutionized the world’s shipping industry. In the United States’ struggle to compete for world markets and to improve military logistical support, it must keep abreast of current innovations in sea transport. An examination of the role played by containerships in this new technology must include the exploration of certain key questions. What is the best way to utilize this form of transport? What characteristics should these ships have? What are the best container sizes? Should the ships be self-sustaining, or should they call at ports with discharging facilities? How should companies determine legal problems concerning …

Naval And Merchant Fleet Coordination: A New Maritime Strategy, W. Gibson Carter

Theses and Major Papers

The military sealift requirements of the Department of Defense and the cooperation of the Merchant Marine in times of crises, national emergencies and wars are well known. The current trend toward increasing international trade; problems of inadequate U.S. flag commercial shipping fleet and further reductions in the size of the active and reserve naval fleets, require that some cooperative effort be considered in a normal peacetime environment as well as in a crisis role. The majority of the ships of the U.S. Navy and Merchant Marine are well over twenty years old and are inefficient and uneconomical to operate. Positive …

A Draft Proposal For The Management Of The Offshore Sand And Gravel Deposits Of The State Of Rhode Island: Guidelines And Model Regulatory Legislation, Malcoolm Johnston Grant

Theses and Major Papers

The Coastal Resources Management Council is charged with broad responsibility to "develop resource management plans compatible with the needs of the people of Rhode Island, while preserving and enhancing as far as possible the natural qualities of the marine environment." The proper function of coastal management is to maximize the options open to the people of Rhode Island in the development of their coastal resources. This goal can best be realized by providing for the resolution of developmental conflicts before they materialize. Uncontrolled past development and consequent unanticipated use conflicts of many types have already seriously compromised Rhode Island's ability …

Model For Estimating Soil Water Flow, Water Content, Evapotranspiration And Root Extraction, Musa N. Nimah

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A mathematical model was developed to predict water content profiles, evapotranspiration, water flow from or to the water table, root extraction and root water potential at the surface as functions of time under unsteady state conditions.

The model was tested in the field at The Hullinger Farm near Vernal, Utah, in 1970 and 1971. Comparison of water content-depth profiles show excellent agreement at the end of a 9- day run in 1970 on oats seeded to alfalfa. In 1971 with alfalfa as the crop, the data show best agreement, between predicted and computed water content-depth profiles, 48 hours after any …

Government Oil Policy And Its Effect On Domestic & Offshore Oil Production, James Owers

Theses and Major Papers

To date the petroleum industry is second only to the Department of Defense in its stimulation of ocean technology. By the end of 1968, American petroleum companies had invested over 13 billion dollars on the continental shelves of the United States. The development of submersibles, man in the sea, instruments, seismic surveys, mapping and charting, and development of ocean structures and engineering have all been profoundly effected by this massive injection of capital. It is obviously of interest, therefore, to consider policies which affect offshore oil exploration and development. This paper is confined to analyzing three such economic policies in …

Underwater Search And Rescue For Non-Military Submersibles, Peter A. Joseph

Theses and Major Papers

A system of underwater search and rescue for non-military submersibles utilizing a helicopter delivered rescue submersible is proposed. In the last 10 years there has been a substantial increase in manned underwater endeavors. This expansion is expected to continue with increasingly greater emphasis in the recreational field. The necessity to overcome the relatively short iife support of the small recreation submersible dictates a rapid response. This system should be capable of providing the lift necessary to rescue the entrapped personnel by bringing the submersible to the surface. At the present time the Coast Guard must rely on other submersible operators …

A Physical Hydrographic Study Of The Lafayette River, E. Glenn White

OES Theses and Dissertations

A basic investigation of the physical ~properties, temperature, density and current velocity, in the Lafayette River is presented. Graphs of the observations indicata a difference in salinity, density and current velocity- distributions after moderate to heavy rains from the graphs during a dry period. The changes in distribution indicate a change in the classification of the estuary from a type B/C, partially mixed estuary, to a type D, sectionally homogeneous estuary. The estuary is predominantly a well-mixed or sectionally homogeneous estuary.

Changes in salinity, temperature, density and current velocity over tidal cycles are discussed as well as tidal height data. …

The Influence Of The Summer Thermocline On Estuarine Classification In The Chesapeake Bay Entrance, William G. Weiss Jr.

OES Theses and Dissertations

The temperature, salinity, and sigma-t of 397 oceanographic stations taken in the entrance to Chesapeake Bay were plotted using a simple interpolation formula by the lBM 1130 computer. Each station was catalogued by position, tidal stage, season, and estuarine classification. Results indicated increased stratification during the ebb phase of all entrance stations regardless of season. Partially mixed conditions predominate. The influence of the summer thermocline on the stratification caused a slight increase in the summer stratification mean. However, statistical tests showed this summer increase to be insignificant at the 95% level. Detailed classification of tidal stage by estuarine type for …

Data Report: Operation York River, 1969, P. V. Hyer, E. P. Ruzecki, C. S. Fang

Reports

A field survey was carried out in October 1969 to gather field data from the Mattaponi, Pamunkey and York rivers in order to construct mathematical models for salinity and dissolved oxygen. The results of the field operation are presented, together with a description of the methods and instruments used in the data collection and analysis.

The Alfred C. Glassell, Jr.—University Of Miami Argosy Expedition To Ecuador, Donald P. De Sylva

Studies in Tropical Oceanography

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Fishes Of The Mulberry River, Arkansas, Larry L. Olmsted, Gary D. Hickman, Donald G. Cloutman

Technical Reports

Announcement of plans to dam Mulberry River, Arkansas, by the United States Army Corps of Engineers has generated some dispute. Most agruments against damming the stream revolve around environmental degradation and loss of aesthetic values. This report serves as a pre-impoundment survey of the fishes of the Mulberry River so that possible effects of impoundment can be more objectively assessed. Knowledge on the fishes of the Mulberry River is severely lacking. The first study was by Jordan and Gilbert (1886) who collected in the southern U.S. in July, August, and September, 1884. They collected in many streams in Arkansas including …

Hace Un Siglo Que Partió El Barco Oceanográfico Challenger, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.