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Articles 1 - 30 of 79
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Aeolian Simulations: A Comparison Of Numerical And Experimental Results, With Projections For Titan., Oscar Lee Mathews
Aeolian Simulations: A Comparison Of Numerical And Experimental Results, With Projections For Titan., Oscar Lee Mathews
Masters Theses
Aeolian processes are major determinants of geomorphology on bodies in the Solar System possessing an atmosphere-surface interface and transportable sediment, including Earth, Mars, Venus, and Titan. Substantial efforts have been made over the last few decades to understand these processes using specialized wind tunnels, field studies, and, more recently, numerical simulations. This thesis describes a model of aeolian sediment transport using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and compares the results with those obtained in the Martian Surface Wind Tunnel (MARSWIT) testing conducted in the Planetary Aeolian Laboratory at NASA Ames Research Center. The ultimate goal of the thesis was to develop …
Nuclear Modification Factor For Production Of Open Heavy Flavor At Forward Rapidity In Cu+Cu Collisions, Archil Garishvili
Nuclear Modification Factor For Production Of Open Heavy Flavor At Forward Rapidity In Cu+Cu Collisions, Archil Garishvili
Masters Theses
The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory with its muon spectrometer has the ability to detect muons over the range of pseudorapidity 1.1 < |eta| < 2.25. Single muon production is an important tool for studying heavy flavor production via semi-leptonic decays of open heavy flavor mesons. Because of their large mass, heavy quarks are produced in earlier stages of heavy ion collisions. Therefore, heavy flavor production can serve as an important probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma, a novel state of matter predicted to be created at RHIC. The measurement of the nuclear modification factor of open heavy flavor at forward rapidity in Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV is presented. Measurements of heavy flavor production in p+p collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV will be also presented.
Improvements In Multi-Tool Surveying Efficiency For Archaeological Geophysics, Caitlyn Marie Williams
Improvements In Multi-Tool Surveying Efficiency For Archaeological Geophysics, Caitlyn Marie Williams
Masters Theses
Conventional archaeological excavation methods are, by nature, extremely invasive and result in study areas being irrevocably altered for the sake of research. For this reason, near-surface geophysical techniques have been incorporated into archaeological investigations to aid in determining the locations of buried features with minimal damage to the site. The objective of this research was to perform a geophysical survey at an archaeological site on the Akrotiri Peninsula in Cyprus to locate evidence of a Roman naval base and to develop an improved data management workflow that will improve the usefulness of geophysical data to archaeologists.
An on-site archaeologist determined …
Structural And Stratigraphic Relationships Near The Southern Terminus Of The Pulaski Fault, Northeast Tennessee, Phillip Michael Derryberry
Structural And Stratigraphic Relationships Near The Southern Terminus Of The Pulaski Fault, Northeast Tennessee, Phillip Michael Derryberry
Masters Theses
The Pulaski fault is one of the master thrust faults in the Appalachian Alleghanian fold-thrust belt. Detailed geologic mapping of Cambrian and Ordovician strata in northeastern Tennessee revealed key structural and stratigraphic characteristics for distinguishing the Pulaski thrust sheet from its footwall, the Saltville thrust sheet. Unlike most thrust systems in the Valley and Ridge, the Pulaski records at least two deformation phases. Geometric and crosscutting relationships along parts of the Pulaski thrust sheet in this study area and in southwestern Virginia suggest hanging wall and possibly some footwall deformation prior to the emplacement of the thrust sheet. The initial …
Capture-Recapture Of White-Tailed Deer Using Dna Sampling From Fecal Pellet-Groups, Matthew James Goode
Capture-Recapture Of White-Tailed Deer Using Dna Sampling From Fecal Pellet-Groups, Matthew James Goode
Masters Theses
Reliable density estimates of game and keystone species such as white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are desirable to set proper management strategies and for evaluating those strategies over time. However, traditional methods for estimating white-tailed deer density have been inhibited by behavior, densely forested areas that can hamper observation (detection), and invalid techniques of estimating effective trapping area. We wanted to evaluate a noninvasive method of mark-recapture estimation using DNA extracted from fecal pellets as the individual marker and for gender determination, coupled with a spatial detection function to estimate density (Spatially Explicit Capture-Recapture, SECR). We collected pellet groups …
Transverse Waves In Simulated Liquid Rocket Engines With Arbitrary Headwall Injection, Charles Toufic Haddad
Transverse Waves In Simulated Liquid Rocket Engines With Arbitrary Headwall Injection, Charles Toufic Haddad
Masters Theses
This work introduces a closed-form analytical solution for the transverse vorticoacoustic wave in a circular cylinder with arbitrary headwall injection. This particular configuration mimics the conditions leading to the onset of traveling radial and tangential waves in a simple liquid rocket engine (LRE). Assuming a short cylindrical chamber with an injecting headwall, regular perturbations are used to linearize the problem’s mass, momentum, energy, ideal gas and isentropic relations. A Helmholtz decomposition is subsequently applied to the first-order disturbance equations, thus giving rise to a compressible, inviscid and acoustic set that is responsible for driving the unsteady motion and to an …
Processes Controlling The Composition Of First-Cycle Sediments Deposited In An Arid-Climate, With Implications For Provenance Reconstruction Studies, Aubrey Lynn Modi
Processes Controlling The Composition Of First-Cycle Sediments Deposited In An Arid-Climate, With Implications For Provenance Reconstruction Studies, Aubrey Lynn Modi
Masters Theses
Petrologic analysis of first-cycle clastic sediments derived from a single source in an arid environment provides a means to determine how well they resemble the petrology and geochemistry of their source. The Stepladder Mountains, located in the Mojave Desert of southeastern California, represents a well-controlled location (i.e., arid environment; single, known source; short transport distance) to examine how naturally formed sediments acquire their compositions. Compositional modifications associated with sediment production were resolved through direct examination of the weathered components (regolith, grus, and sediments). Sediment compositions strongly vary by grain size, indicating that, after the source itself, hydrodynamic sorting played the …
Cytongrasp: Cyton Alpha Controller Via Graspit! Simulation, Nicholas Wayne Overfield
Cytongrasp: Cyton Alpha Controller Via Graspit! Simulation, Nicholas Wayne Overfield
Masters Theses
This thesis addresses an expansion of the control programs for the Cyton Alpha 7D 1G arm. The original control system made use of configurable software which exploited the arm’s seven degrees of freedom and kinematic redundancy to control the arm based on desired behaviors that were configured off-line. The inclusions of the GraspIt! grasp planning simulator and toolkit enables the Cyton Alpha to be used in more proactive on-line grasping problems, as well as, presenting many additional tools for on-line learning applications. In short, GraspIt! expands what is possible with the Cyton Alpha to include many machine learning tools and …
Effect Of Landscape Position And Dairy Manure Addition On Bioavailable Forms Of Soil Phosphorus Using Enzyme Hydrolysis, Themis Mahalia Stone
Effect Of Landscape Position And Dairy Manure Addition On Bioavailable Forms Of Soil Phosphorus Using Enzyme Hydrolysis, Themis Mahalia Stone
Masters Theses
Bioavailable phosphorus (P) has traditionally been measured as inorganic orthophosphate (PO4) while organic P (Po) has been considered of limited relevance to short-term biological consumption. However, enzymes secreted by bacteria and fungi which serve to mineralize Po are ubiquitous in the environment and may contribute significant bioavailable P over time. In order to assess environmentally-relevant, potentially bioavailable P in soils with added dairy wastes, microcosms of identical soil series but differing management histories and landscape positions were incubated at 24 C° for three weeks. Subsamples were taken weekly from microcosms and analyzed by: 1) Mehlich-3 …
Late Pleistocene And Holocene Hydroclimate Change In The Southeastern United States: Sedimentary, Pedogenic, And Stable Carbon Isotope Evidence In Tennessee River Floodplain Paleosols, James Joseph Kocis
Masters Theses
In order to understand hydroclimate variability of future climate change, it is important to know the timing and range of natural climate change in the past. The Southeastern United States (SE) is situated along the poleward extent of projected subtropical drying, where the expression of past hydrological balances remains unclear. The lack of high-resolution paleohydroclimate records in the SE forces climate modelers to base interpretations on better-understood regions of North America. The SE likely experienced significant changes in precipitation regimes resulting from its position at the convergence of several oceanic and continental air masses. To reconstruct precipitation variability, this study …
Automated Pollen Image Classification, Nicholas Quentin Haas
Automated Pollen Image Classification, Nicholas Quentin Haas
Masters Theses
This Master of Science thesis reviews previous research, proposes a method anddemonstrates proof-of-concept software for the automated matching of pollen grainimages to satisfy degree requirements at the University of Tennessee. An ideal imagesegmentation algorithm and shape representation data structure is selected, alongwith a multi-phase shape matching system. The system is shown to be invariantto synthetic image translation, rotation, and to a lesser extent global contrast andintensity changes. The proof-of-concept software is used to demonstrate how pollengrains can be matched to images of other pollen grains, stored in a database, thatshare similar features with up to a 75% accuracy rate.
Development Of Bifunctional Lysophosphatidic Acid & Lysophosphatidylcholine Activity Probes To Characterize Their Specific Binding Protein Receptors, Ritu Nandal
Masters Theses
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) activity has been found to be dysregulated in cancer cells and therefore is a crucial target for research. Only a few LPA receptors have been identified to date, namely LPA 1, LPA 2, LPA 3, LPA 4 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR). In order to identify receptors, we are designing and synthesizing bifunctional LPA and LPC activity probes to characterize their protein targets using activity based protein profiling (ABPP) among other proteomic technologies. By synthesizing bifunctional signaling probes that can mimic the naturally occurring LPA and LPC molecules and selectively capture receptors by virtue …
Non-Thermal Plasma Inactivation Of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Spores, Yaohua Huang
Non-Thermal Plasma Inactivation Of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Spores, Yaohua Huang
Masters Theses
Bacterial spores have remarkable resistance to a variety of harsh conditions, causing spoilage in food industry and becoming the primary bacterial agent in biowarfare and bioterrorism. In this study, inactivation mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA) spores by non-thermal plasma (NTP) were investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as a major tool to exam spores after NTP treatment. Chemometric techniques, such as multivariate classification models based on soft independent modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), were employed to identify functional group changes in FTIR spectra. The IR absorbance bands correlated to dipicolinic acid (DPA) decreased after …
A 7600-Year Record Of Environmental History From The Sediments Of Laguna Tortuguero, Puerto Rico, Alice Renee Schoen
A 7600-Year Record Of Environmental History From The Sediments Of Laguna Tortuguero, Puerto Rico, Alice Renee Schoen
Masters Theses
In 1987, Burney and collaborators (Journal of Archaeological Science (1994) 21, 273–281) recovered a ca. 8 m sediment core from the western basin of Laguna Tortuguero, Puerto Rico that spanned the last ca. 7000 calibrated years. They produced a detailed microscopic charcoal record, and from an initial peak in charcoal at ca. 5300 cal yr B.P. suggested that humans had colonized the island some 2000 years earlier than documented by the archaeological evidence then available. In 2008, two sediment cores were recovered from the eastern basin of Laguna Tortuguero. AMS dates on macrofossils indicate the profile extends to 7600 calibrated …
Bringing Biodiversity To Development: Perceptions Of Integrating Eucalyptus And Forest-Corridors Around The Serra Do Brigadeiro, Brazil, Maggie R Stevens
Bringing Biodiversity To Development: Perceptions Of Integrating Eucalyptus And Forest-Corridors Around The Serra Do Brigadeiro, Brazil, Maggie R Stevens
Masters Theses
The Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil is a hot-spot for biodiversity and should be conserved. It is also at the center of the largest municipalities in Brazil and therefore has a severely fragmented landscape. Iracambi, a working farm near the Serra do Brigadeiro state park in Minas Gerais, is working for conservation in an area of intense agricultural production and expanding forestry industry. Most households in this rural area have some amount of eucalyptus on their property and consequently the director of Iracambi is developing the preliminary foundation for a forest corridor program comprised of primarily eucalyptus with the goal …
A Study Of Missing Data Imputation And Predictive Modeling Of Strength Properties Of Wood Composites, Yan Zeng
A Study Of Missing Data Imputation And Predictive Modeling Of Strength Properties Of Wood Composites, Yan Zeng
Masters Theses
Problem: Real-time process and destructive test data were collected from a wood composite manufacturer in the U.S. to develop real-time predictive models of two key strength properties (Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Internal Bound (IB)) of a wood composite manufacturing process. Sensor malfunction and data “send/retrieval” problems lead to null fields in the company’s data warehouse which resulted in information loss. Many manufacturers attempt to build accurate predictive models excluding entire records with null fields or using summary statistics such as mean or median in place of the null field. However, predictive model errors in validation may be higher …
Evaluating Substrate Metrics For Monitoring Sediment Impairment Of East Tennessee Streams., James Hunter Terrell
Evaluating Substrate Metrics For Monitoring Sediment Impairment Of East Tennessee Streams., James Hunter Terrell
Masters Theses
Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act (CWA) requires states to assess and list all streams that do not meet water quality criteria for their designated use classes. In Tennessee, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) uses macroinvertebrate surveys to assess the condition of streams designated for “fish and aquatic life” and the progress of targeted waterbodies toward meeting established standards for sediment. As of yet, no substrate metric has been established to monitor water quality or to document progress toward water quality improvement with respect to fish and aquatic life in Tennessee. A substrate metric that could …
An Analysis Of Boosted Regression Trees To Predict The Strength Properties Of Wood Composites, Dillon Matthew Carty
An Analysis Of Boosted Regression Trees To Predict The Strength Properties Of Wood Composites, Dillon Matthew Carty
Masters Theses
The forest products industry is a significant contributor to the U.S. economy contributing six percent of the total U.S. manufacturing gross domestic product (GDP), placing it on par with the U.S. automotive and plastics industries. Sustaining business competitiveness by reducing costs and maintaining product quality will be essential in the long term for this industry. Improved production efficiency and business competitiveness is the primary rationale for this work. A challenge facing this industry is to develop better knowledge of the complex nature of process variables and their relationship with final product quality attributes. Quantifying better the relationships between process variables …
Examination Of 4he Droplets And Droplets Containing Impurities At Zero Kelvin Using A Density Functional Approach, Ellen Brown
Examination Of 4he Droplets And Droplets Containing Impurities At Zero Kelvin Using A Density Functional Approach, Ellen Brown
Masters Theses
Abstract
Detailed in this manuscript is a methodology to model ground state properties of 4He droplets at zero pressure and zero Kelvin using a density functional theory of liquid helium. The density functional approach examined here consists of two noted functionals from the literature and corresponding mean field definitions. A mean field and trial density are defined for each system and optimized to self-consistency using a matrix diagonalization technique. Initial calculations of planar slabs are performed and demonstrate reasonable agreement with experiment and with prior studies using density functional theory. Quantum properties of droplets and droplets containing atomic dopants …
Mixture Model Cluster Analysis Under Different Covariance Structures Using Information Complexity, Bahar Erar
Mixture Model Cluster Analysis Under Different Covariance Structures Using Information Complexity, Bahar Erar
Masters Theses
In this thesis, a mixture-model cluster analysis technique under different covariance structures of the component densities is developed and presented, to capture the compactness, orientation, shape, and the volume of component clusters in one expert system to handle Gaussian high dimensional heterogeneous data sets to achieve flexibility in currently practiced cluster analysis techniques. Two approaches to parameter estimation are considered and compared; one using the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm and another following a Bayesian framework using the Gibbs sampler. We develop and score several forms of the ICOMP criterion of Bozdogan (1994, 2004) as our fitness function; to choose the number …
Inventory, Characterization, And Classification Of Minesoils In The Big South Fork National River And Recreation Area, Cassi Savage Jones
Inventory, Characterization, And Classification Of Minesoils In The Big South Fork National River And Recreation Area, Cassi Savage Jones
Masters Theses
The aim of Part One was to discover and investigate the physical and chemical properties of coal minesoils occurring within the Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area (BSF) in order to better understand the nature of these anthropogenic soils. In particular, this information was to identify which, if any, un-reclaimed or recently reclaimed minesoils were actively producing acid mine drainage (AMD) and what properties were inhibiting revegetation. Historical knowledge and maps were used to locate more than 30 un-reclaimed and reclaimed minesoil sites, which were mapped with GPS. Soil profiles were exposed on 18 sites and grab samples …
On Cyclotomic Primality Tests, Thomas Francis Boucher
On Cyclotomic Primality Tests, Thomas Francis Boucher
Masters Theses
In 1980, L. Adleman, C. Pomerance, and R. Rumely invented the first cyclotomicprimality test, and shortly after, in 1981, a simplified and more efficient versionwas presented by H.W. Lenstra for the Bourbaki Seminar. Later, in 2008, ReneSchoof presented an updated version of Lenstra's primality test. This thesis presents adetailed description of the cyclotomic primality test as described by Schoof, along withsuggestions for implementation. The cornerstone of the test is a prime congruencerelation similar to Fermat's \little theorem" that involves Gauss or Jacobi sumscalculated over cyclotomic fields. The algorithm runs in very nearly polynomial time.This primality test is currently one of …
Exploring The Effectiveness Of Environmentally Sustainable Practices In Municipal Government: A Case Study Of The City Of Knoxville’S Department Of Parks And Recreation, Anthony Michael Brown
Exploring The Effectiveness Of Environmentally Sustainable Practices In Municipal Government: A Case Study Of The City Of Knoxville’S Department Of Parks And Recreation, Anthony Michael Brown
Masters Theses
Sustainability practices produce programs and services that meet current needs while preserving the environment and natural resources for the future. City parks and recreation departments are facing budget shortfalls and increasing expectations from customers. Governments are now embracing sustainability practices to create financial savings while also fostering relations with customers.
The purpose of this single case study was twofold: (1) to examine the effectiveness of one city department’s strategies in outsourcing its environmental sustainability program through a performance contract with Ameresco; and (2) to examine the perceptions of key department employees about the effectiveness of the sustainability initiative. A …
Positron Emission Tomography (Pet) For Flow Measurement, Bi Yao Zhang
Positron Emission Tomography (Pet) For Flow Measurement, Bi Yao Zhang
Masters Theses
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is frequently used for medical imaging. Maturity and flexibility of PET as an imaging technique has expanded its utility beyond the medical domain. It can be used as a tool for fluid flow studies in opaque fluids and for flow within complex geometry where conventional optical flow measurement approaches fail. This study explores the capabilities of PET as flow measurement tool suited to validation of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) predictions.
The MicroPET P4 scanner was used to image the diffusion process in flow around a rod bundle geometry similar to that found in a nuclear reactor …
A Study Of The Release Properties Of Sn And Sns From An Isol-Type Target/Ion Source System, Ronald Earl Goans
A Study Of The Release Properties Of Sn And Sns From An Isol-Type Target/Ion Source System, Ronald Earl Goans
Masters Theses
Radioactive ion beams (RIBs) provide a method for studying the properties of increasingly exotic nuclei. For many nuclei, the intensity of the RIB available in the isotope separation on-line (ISOL) technique is limited by the relatively long delay time in the target/ion source system (TISS). New techniques are needed to decrease this delay time, thereby increasing the intensity of the RIBs available for study.
The sulfide molecular sideband was discovered in 2001 as a way to greatly enhance the quality of Sn beams. Holdup measurements were performed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) to determine the extent to …
The Effects Of Land-Use Change On The Hydrological Properties Of Andisols In The Ecuadorian Paramo, James Joseph Hartsig
The Effects Of Land-Use Change On The Hydrological Properties Of Andisols In The Ecuadorian Paramo, James Joseph Hartsig
Masters Theses
The Ecuadorian páramo is characterized by unique soil properties that allow the ground to hold large amounts of water. These páramo grasslands support Andean cities and communities as a source of water for municipal, industrial, and agricultural use. Although recent research has suggested that changes in land use can decrease the amount of water and affect the water-holding capabilities of the soil, the hydrologic effects of different land uses, including burning for livestock grazing and pine planting for carbon credits, are currently under debate.
This research tested hypotheses about moisture-related properties of páramo soils under different land uses at two …
Constraining Martian Sedimentation Via Analysis Of Stratal Packaging, Intracrater Layered Deposits, Arabia Terra, Mars, Sarah Beth Cadieux
Constraining Martian Sedimentation Via Analysis Of Stratal Packaging, Intracrater Layered Deposits, Arabia Terra, Mars, Sarah Beth Cadieux
Masters Theses
Craters within Arabia Terra, Mars, contain hundreds of meters of layered strata
showing systematic alternation between slope- and cliff-forming units, suggesting either
rhythmic deposition of distinct lithologies or lithologies that experienced differential
cementation. Hypothesized origins of these intercrater layered deposits include
lacustrine, aeolian, volcanic airfall, and impact surge deposition. On Earth, rhythmically
deposited strata can be examined in terms of stratal packaging, wherein the interplay of
tectonics, sediment deposition, and change in base level results in predictable patterns
with respect to changes in the amount of space available for sediment accumulation.
Fundamental differences between tectonic regimes of Earth and Mars …
Phosphorus Distribution In Channel-Bed Sediments In Beaver Creek, Knox County, Tennessee, Angela Nicole Danovi
Phosphorus Distribution In Channel-Bed Sediments In Beaver Creek, Knox County, Tennessee, Angela Nicole Danovi
Masters Theses
Beaver Creek, located in North Knox County, Tennessee, is on the Tennessee 303(d) list as an impaired stream that fails to meet its designated uses. Phosphorus (P) is one of the major pollutants of the stream. High P levels within surface water can lead to water quality problems including low dissolved oxygen, overgrowth of algae, and eutrophication. Two sources, pasture grazing areas and major municipal point sources, have been identified as important contributors of P to Beaver Creek. The objective of this study was to analyze the total P and Mehlich III extractable P concentrations of sediments in Beaver Creek …
Kinematic Evolution Of The Homestake And Slide Lake Shear Zones, Central Colorado: Implications For Mid-Crustal Deformation During The Mesoproterozoic, Patricia Elizabeth Lee
Kinematic Evolution Of The Homestake And Slide Lake Shear Zones, Central Colorado: Implications For Mid-Crustal Deformation During The Mesoproterozoic, Patricia Elizabeth Lee
Masters Theses
Kinematic analysis and field mapping of the Homestake shear zone (HSZ) and Slide Lake shear zone (SLSZ) in central Colorado provide new evidence for strain partitioning in the mid-crust at ~1.4 Ga. The northeast-striking, steeply dipping HSZ comprises a ~10-km-wide set of anastomosing ductile shear zones and pseudotachylyte-bearing faults. Approximately 3-km south of the HSZ, the north-northeast-striking, shallowly dipping mylonites of the SLSZ form three 1-10-m-thick shear zone splays. Both top-up-to-the-northwest and top-down-to-the-southeast shear sense are recorded in the SLSZ and HSZ. Oblique stretching lineations in both shear zones show vertical (top-down-to-the-southeast and top-up-to-the-northwest) and dextral movement occurred during mylonite …
Development And Analysis Of Onboard Translunar Injection Targeting Algorithms, Phillippe Lyles Winters Reed
Development And Analysis Of Onboard Translunar Injection Targeting Algorithms, Phillippe Lyles Winters Reed
Masters Theses
Several targeting algorithms are developed and analyzed for possible future use onboard a spacecraft. Each targeter is designed to determine the appropriate propulsive burn for translunar injection to obtain desired orbital parameters upon arrival at the moon. Primary design objectives are to minimize the computational requirements for each algorithm but also to ensure reasonable accuracy, so that the algorithm’s errors do not force the craft to conduct large mid-course corrections. Several levels of accuracy for dynamical models are explored, the convergence range and speed of each algorithm are compared, and the possible benefits of the Broyden and trust-region targeters are …