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Articles 1 - 30 of 4854

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The War On Abandoned Trolleys Can Be Won. Here's How, Johan Barthelemy Jan 2020

The War On Abandoned Trolleys Can Be Won. Here's How, Johan Barthelemy

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

As more commercial precincts develop, we see more shopping trolleys abandoned far away from the shops they belong to. Programs are in place to tackle this issue but haven't solved the problem. We need a more sophisticated multi-pronged approach, including smart use of technology, to limit the number of abandoned trolleys and their impact.

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Virtual Reality May Be The Next Frontier In Remote Mental Health Care, Shiva Pedram Jan 2020

Virtual Reality May Be The Next Frontier In Remote Mental Health Care, Shiva Pedram

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

In recent years, experts have focused on finding better ways to improve remotely delivered mental health care. Now, virtual reality (VR) may pave the way for myriad new opportunities.

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Air Quality Near Busy Australian Roads Up To 10 Times Worse Than Official Figures, Hugh I. Forehead Jan 2020

Air Quality Near Busy Australian Roads Up To 10 Times Worse Than Official Figures, Hugh I. Forehead

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

Air quality on Australia’s roads matters. On any given day (when we’re not in lockdown) people meet, commute, exercise, shop and walk with children near busy streets. But to date, air quality monitoring at roadsides has been inadequate. I and my colleagues wanted to change that. Using materials purchased from electronics and hardware stores for around A$150, we built our own air quality monitors. Our newly published research reveals how our devices detected particulate pollution at busy intersections at levels ten times worse than background levels measured at official air monitoring stations.

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Elucidating The Performance Of An Integrated Laccase- And Persulfate-Assisted Process For Degradation Of Trace Organic Contaminants (Trocs), Muhammad Bilal Asif, Jason P. Van De Merwe, Frederic Leusch, Biplob Pramanik, William E. Price, Faisal I. Hai Jan 2020

Elucidating The Performance Of An Integrated Laccase- And Persulfate-Assisted Process For Degradation Of Trace Organic Contaminants (Trocs), Muhammad Bilal Asif, Jason P. Van De Merwe, Frederic Leusch, Biplob Pramanik, William E. Price, Faisal I. Hai

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry.. Laccase-catalysed degradation is a promising technology for the degradation of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs). However, depending on their physicochemical properties (e.g., chemical structures), non-phenolic TrOCs appear to be resistant to laccase-catalysed degradation, thus requiring an additional treatment process. In this study, the performance of an integrated laccase and persulfate (PS) mediated oxidation process was explored and elucidated for the first time. Compared to that achieved during treatment with laccase alone, the addition of PS at 1-10 mM concentration into batch enzymatic bioreactors showed concentration-dependent improvement in the degradation of the five TrOCs selected ...

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Sharkeye: Real-Time Autonomous Personal Shark Alerting Via Aerial Surveillance, Robert A. Gorkin Iii, Kye Adams, Matthew J. Berryman, Sam Aubin, Wanqing Li, Andrew R. Davis, Johan Barthelemy Jan 2020

Sharkeye: Real-Time Autonomous Personal Shark Alerting Via Aerial Surveillance, Robert A. Gorkin Iii, Kye Adams, Matthew J. Berryman, Sam Aubin, Wanqing Li, Andrew R. Davis, Johan Barthelemy

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

While aerial shark spotting has been a standard practice for beach safety for decades, new technologies offer enhanced opportunities, ranging from drones/unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that provide new viewing capabilities, to new apps that provide beachgoers with up-to-date risk analysis before entering the water. This report describes the Sharkeye platform, a first-of-its-kind project to demonstrate personal shark alerting for beachgoers in the water and on land, leveraging innovative UAV image collection, cloud-hosted machine learning detection algorithms, and reporting via smart wearables. To execute, our team developed a novel detection algorithm trained via machine learning based on aerial footage of ...

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Towards Agent-Based Traffic Simulation Using Live Data From Sensors For Smart Cities, Johan Barthelemy, Yan Qian, Pascal Perez Jan 2020

Towards Agent-Based Traffic Simulation Using Live Data From Sensors For Smart Cities, Johan Barthelemy, Yan Qian, Pascal Perez

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

The Smart City and Internet-of-Things revolutions enable the collection of various types of data in real-time through sensors. This data can be used to improve the decision tools and simulations used by city planners. This paper presents a new framework for real-time traffic simulation integrating an agent-based methodology with live CCTV and other sensor data while respecting the privacy regulations. The framework simulates traffic flows of pedestrians, vehicles and bicycles and their interactions. The approach has been applied in Liverpool (NSW, Australia) showing promising preliminary results and can easily ingest additional sensor data, e.g. air quality.

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Fabrication Of Aligned Biomimetic Gellan Gum-Chitosan Microstructures Through 3d Printed Microfluidic Channels And Multiple In Situ Cross-Linking Mechanisms, Thomas Robinson, Sepehr Talebian, Javad Foroughi, Zhilian Yue, Cormac Fay, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2020

Fabrication Of Aligned Biomimetic Gellan Gum-Chitosan Microstructures Through 3d Printed Microfluidic Channels And Multiple In Situ Cross-Linking Mechanisms, Thomas Robinson, Sepehr Talebian, Javad Foroughi, Zhilian Yue, Cormac Fay, Gordon G. Wallace

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

In this study we use a combination of ionic- and photo-cross-linking to develop a fabrication method for producing biocompatible microstructures using a methacrylated gellan gum (a polyanion) and chitosan (a polycation) in addition to lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) as the photoinitiator. This work involves the development of a low-cost, portable 3D bioprinter and a customized extrusion mechanism for controlled introduction of the materials through a 3D printed microfluidic nozzle, before being cross-linked in situ to form robust microstructure bundles. The formed microstructures yielded a diameter of less than 1 μm and a tensile strength range of ∼1 MPa. This ...

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A Case Study Of Wifi Sniffing Performance Evaluation, Yan Li, Johan Barthelemy, Shuai Sun, Pascal Perez, Bill Moran Jan 2020

A Case Study Of Wifi Sniffing Performance Evaluation, Yan Li, Johan Barthelemy, Shuai Sun, Pascal Perez, Bill Moran

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

Mobile devices regularly broadcast WiFi probe requests in order to discover available proximal WiFi access points for connection. A probe request, sent automatically in the active scanning mode, consisting of the MAC address of the device expresses an advertisement of its presence. A real-time wireless sniffing system is able to sense WiFi packets and analyse wireless traffic. This provides an opportunity to obtain insights into the interaction between the humans carrying the mobile devices and the environment. Susceptibility to loss of the wireless data transmission is an important limitation on this idea, and this is complicated by the lack of ...

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A Game-Based Approach To Exploring Gender Differences In Smallholder Decisions To Change Farming Practices: White Rice Production In Laos, Silva Larson, Anne Giger-Dray, Tina Cornioley, Manithaythip Thephavanh, Phomma Thammavong, Sisavan Vorlasan, John Connell, Magnus Moglia, Peter Case, Kim Alexander, Pascal Perez Jan 2020

A Game-Based Approach To Exploring Gender Differences In Smallholder Decisions To Change Farming Practices: White Rice Production In Laos, Silva Larson, Anne Giger-Dray, Tina Cornioley, Manithaythip Thephavanh, Phomma Thammavong, Sisavan Vorlasan, John Connell, Magnus Moglia, Peter Case, Kim Alexander, Pascal Perez

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

© 2020 by the authors. What influences farmers' decisions to adopt agricultural technologies is an important question for international agricultural research projects. There are often interpersonal differences between women and men that influence the adoption of decisions and behaviours, but few studies in the literature focus on these factors. We describe a game-based approach to explore decision-making processes underpinning the adoption of new farming technologies and practices in Lao People's Democratic Republic. Sowing a different rice variety is the tailored technology. The game explored adoption behaviours influencing decisions on transitioning from growing glutinous rice, a traditional variety preferred for consumption ...

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Indoor Navigation And Mapping: Performance Analysis Of Uwb-Based Platform Positioning, A Masiero, Harris Perakis, Jelena Gabela, Charles Toth, Vassilis Gikas, Guenther Retscher, Salil Goel, Allison Kealy, Z Koppányi, W Blaszczak-Bak, Yan Li, Dorota Grejner-Brzezinska Jan 2020

Indoor Navigation And Mapping: Performance Analysis Of Uwb-Based Platform Positioning, A Masiero, Harris Perakis, Jelena Gabela, Charles Toth, Vassilis Gikas, Guenther Retscher, Salil Goel, Allison Kealy, Z Koppányi, W Blaszczak-Bak, Yan Li, Dorota Grejner-Brzezinska

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

© 2020 International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives. The increasing demand for reliable indoor navigation systems is leading the research community to investigate various approaches to obtain effective solutions usable with mobile devices. Among the recently proposed strategies, Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) positioning systems are worth to be mentioned because of their good performance in a wide range of operating conditions. However, such performance can be significantly degraded by large UWB range errors; mostly, due to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) measurements. This paper considers the integration of UWB with vision to support navigation and mapping applications. In ...

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Electrical Stimulation-Induced Osteogenesis Of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells Using A Conductive Graphene-Cellulose Scaffold, Jianfeng Li, Xiao Liu, Jeremy Micah Crook, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2020

Electrical Stimulation-Induced Osteogenesis Of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells Using A Conductive Graphene-Cellulose Scaffold, Jianfeng Li, Xiao Liu, Jeremy Micah Crook, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The versatile properties of graphene-based materials are enabling various tissue regeneration, towards meeting an ever increasing demand for replacement tissues due to injury through trauma and disease. In particular, an innate ability for graphene to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, combined with the potential to enhance the biological activity of cells through electrical stimulation (ES) using graphene, supports its use for osteoinduction or reconstruction. In this paper, we describe a miniaturized graphene-cellulose (G-C) scaffold-based device that incorporates electroactive G-C 'paper' within a polystyrene chamber for concomitant cell culture and ES. The G-C electrodes possessed lower impedance and higher charge ...

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Multiphase Identification In Ni-Pbte Contacts By Ebsd And Aberration-Corrected Stem, Xavier Reales Ferreres, Gilberto Casillas, Sima Aminorroaya-Yamini, Azdiar Adil Gazder Jan 2020

Multiphase Identification In Ni-Pbte Contacts By Ebsd And Aberration-Corrected Stem, Xavier Reales Ferreres, Gilberto Casillas, Sima Aminorroaya-Yamini, Azdiar Adil Gazder

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

EBSD in combination with aberration-corrected STEM is used to study the interfacial layer forming at Ni electrode - PbTe thermoelectric material interfaces. Contrary to previous studies, both orthorhombic and monoclinic phases are identified within the interfacial layer. EBSD and STEM data at interphase boundaries demonstrate an approximately smooth transition from orthorhombic to monoclinic phase with almost no crystal defects due to the small differences in lattice parameters and the prevalence of one of two previously unknown orientation relationships between the phases. Moreover, the presence of special boundaries resulting in orientation domains within both phases throughout the interfacial nickel telluride layer needs ...

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Electrochemical And Optical Aspects Of Cobalt Meso-Carbazole Substituted Porphyrin Complexes, Katarzyna Laba, Mieczyslaw Lapkowski, David L. Officer, Pawel W. Wagner, Przemyslaw Data Jan 2020

Electrochemical And Optical Aspects Of Cobalt Meso-Carbazole Substituted Porphyrin Complexes, Katarzyna Laba, Mieczyslaw Lapkowski, David L. Officer, Pawel W. Wagner, Przemyslaw Data

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A series of cobalt (II) porphyrin complexes modified with carbazole rings at one or more meso positions of the macrocycle were synthesized and characterized as to their spectroscopic and basic electrochemical properties in non-aqueous media. The effect of the number and position (syn and anti) of carbazole groups on the complexes properties were investigated. The comparison was made to cobalt (II) porphyrin containing mesityl groups at the meso-positions. The relation between the site of redox processes in cobalt meso-carbazole substituted porphyrins were analysed. It was shown that the conjugated π-ring system of the porphyrin macrocycle, the cobalt central metal ion ...

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Alkali-Metal Sulfide As Cathodes Toward Safe And High-Capacity Metal (M = Li, Na, K) Sulfur Batteries, Huiling Yang, Binwei Zhang, Yunxiao Wang, Konstantin K. Konstantinov, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou Jan 2020

Alkali-Metal Sulfide As Cathodes Toward Safe And High-Capacity Metal (M = Li, Na, K) Sulfur Batteries, Huiling Yang, Binwei Zhang, Yunxiao Wang, Konstantin K. Konstantinov, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH Rechargeable alkali-metal–sulfur (M–S) batteries, because of their high energy density and low cost, have been recognized as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies. Nevertheless, the dissolution of metal polysulfides in organic liquid electrolytes and safety issues related to the metal anodes are greatly hindering the development of the M–S batteries. Alkali-metal sulfides (M2Sx) are emerging as cathode materials, which can pair with various safe nonalkali-metal anodes, such as silicon and tin. As a result, the combined M2Sx cathode-based M–S batteries can achieve high capacity as well as safety, thereby providing ...

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Ultrafast Electron Transport In Metallic Antiferromagnetic Mn2au Thin Films Probed By Terahertz Spectroscopy, Zuanming Jin, Shunyi Ruan, Xiaofeng Zhou, Bangju Song, Cheng Song, Xianzhe Chen, Feng Pan, Yan Peng, C Zhang, Guohong Ma, Yiming Zhu, Songlin Zhuang Jan 2020

Ultrafast Electron Transport In Metallic Antiferromagnetic Mn2au Thin Films Probed By Terahertz Spectroscopy, Zuanming Jin, Shunyi Ruan, Xiaofeng Zhou, Bangju Song, Cheng Song, Xianzhe Chen, Feng Pan, Yan Peng, C Zhang, Guohong Ma, Yiming Zhu, Songlin Zhuang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The ultrafast electron transport is central to the requirement of all-electrically controlled spintronics in metallic collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) Mn2Au thin films within the terahertz (THz) range. Here we use the THz time-domain spectroscopy to measure the conductivity spectra of Mn2Au thin films with different thicknesses and temperatures. We demonstrate an onset of carrier localization in Mn2Au with decreasing the film thickness from 15 to 5 nm. By using optical pump-THz probe spectroscopy, we found the surface trapping states in the thinnest Mn2Au film limit its photoconductivity significantly. The DC conductivity and scattering time become larger and longer with decreasing temperature ...

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3d Printed Soft Pneumatic Bending Sensing Chambers For Bilateral And Remote Control Of Soft Robotic Systems, Charbel Tawk, Marc In Het Panhuis, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Gursel Alici Jan 2020

3d Printed Soft Pneumatic Bending Sensing Chambers For Bilateral And Remote Control Of Soft Robotic Systems, Charbel Tawk, Marc In Het Panhuis, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Gursel Alici

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020 IEEE. This work reports on soft pneumatic bending sensing chambers that are directly 3D printed without requiring any support material and postprocessing using a low-cost and open-source fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer and a commercially available soft thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). These bending sensing chambers have multiple advantages including very fast response to any change in their internal volume, linearity, negligible hysteresis, repeatability, reliability, stability over time, long lifetime and very low power consumption. The performance of these soft sensing chambers is accurately predicted and optimized using finite element modeling (FEM) and a hyperelastic material model for the TPU ...

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Topographical And Compositional Engineering Of Core-Shell Ni@Pt Orr Electro-Catalysts, Gerard Leteba, David R. G Mitchell, Pieter Levecque, Eric Van Steen, Candace Lang Jan 2020

Topographical And Compositional Engineering Of Core-Shell Ni@Pt Orr Electro-Catalysts, Gerard Leteba, David R. G Mitchell, Pieter Levecque, Eric Van Steen, Candace Lang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Complex faceted geometries and compositional anisotropy in alloy nanoparticles (NPs) can enhance catalytic performance. We report on the preparation of binary PtNi NPs via a co-thermolytic approach in which we optimize the synthesis variables, which results in significantly improved catalytic performance. We used scanning transmission electron microscopy to characterise the range of morphologies produced, which included spherical and concave cuboidal core-shell structures. Electrocatalytic activity was evaluated using a rotating disc electrode (1600 rpm) in 0.1 M HClO4; the electrocatalytic performance of these Ni@Pt NPs showed significant (∼11-fold) improvement compared to a commercial ...

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Highly Flexible Reduced Graphene Oxide@Polypyrrole-Polyethylene Glycol Foam For Supercapacitors, Chaoyue Cai, Jialong Fu, Chengyan Zhang, Cheng Wang, Rui Sun, Shufang Guo, Fan Zhang, Mingyan Wang, Yuqing Liu, Jun Chen Jan 2020

Highly Flexible Reduced Graphene Oxide@Polypyrrole-Polyethylene Glycol Foam For Supercapacitors, Chaoyue Cai, Jialong Fu, Chengyan Zhang, Cheng Wang, Rui Sun, Shufang Guo, Fan Zhang, Mingyan Wang, Yuqing Liu, Jun Chen

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry. A flexible and free-standing 3D reduced graphene oxide@polypyrrole-polyethylene glycol (RGO@PPy-PEG) foam was developed for wearable supercapacitors. The device was fabricated sequentially, beginning with the electrodeposition of PPy in the presence of a PEG-borate on a sacrificial Ni foam template, followed by a subsequent GO wrapping and chemical reduction process. The 3D RGO@PPy-PEG foam electrode showed excellent electrochemical properties with a large specific capacitance of 415 F g-1 and excellent long-term stability (96% capacitance retention after 8000 charge-discharge cycles) in a three electrode configuration. An assembled (two-electrode configuration) symmetric supercapacitor using RGO ...

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Artificial Muscles From Hybrid Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole-Coated Twisted And Coiled Yarns, Shazed Aziz, Jose Martinez, Javad Foroughi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Edwin W. Jager Jan 2020

Artificial Muscles From Hybrid Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole-Coated Twisted And Coiled Yarns, Shazed Aziz, Jose Martinez, Javad Foroughi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Edwin W. Jager

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Electrochemically or electrothermally driven twisted/coiled carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn actuators are interesting artificial muscles for wearables as they can sustain high stress. However, due to high fabrication costs, these yarns have limited their application in smart textiles. An alternative approach is to use off-the-shelf yarns and coat them with conductive polymers that deliver high actuation properties. Here, novel hybrid textile yarns are demonstrated that combine CNT and an electroactive polypyrrole coating to provide both high strength and good actuation properties. CNT-coated polyester yarns are twisted and coiled and subjected to electrochemical coating of polypyrrole to obtain the hierarchical soft ...

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Improved Na Storage And Coulombic Efficiency In Tip2o7@C Microflowers For Sodium Ion Batteries, Jun Pan, Nana Wang, Lili Li, Feng Zhang, Zhenjie Cheng, Yanlu Li, Jian Yang, Yitai Qian Jan 2020

Improved Na Storage And Coulombic Efficiency In Tip2o7@C Microflowers For Sodium Ion Batteries, Jun Pan, Nana Wang, Lili Li, Feng Zhang, Zhenjie Cheng, Yanlu Li, Jian Yang, Yitai Qian

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Ti-based anode materials in sodium ion batteries have attracted extensive interests due to its abundant resources, low toxicity, easy synthesis and long cycle life. However, low Coulombic efficiency and limited specific capacity affect their applications. Here, cubic-phase TiP2O7 is examined as anode materials, using in-situ/ex-situ characterization techniques. It is concluded that the redox reactions of Ti4+/Ti3+ and Ti3+/Ti0 consecutively occur during the discharge/charge processes, both of which are highly reversible. These reactions make the specific capacity of TiP2O7 even higher than the case of ...

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Constructing Phase Boundary In Agnbo3 Antiferroelectrics: Pathway Simultaneously Achieving High Energy Density And Efficiency, Nengneng Luo, Kai Han, Matthew Cabral, Xiaozhou Liao, Shujun Zhang, Changzhong Liao, Guangzu Zhang, Xiyong Chen, Qin Feng, Jing Li, Yuezhou Wei Jan 2020

Constructing Phase Boundary In Agnbo3 Antiferroelectrics: Pathway Simultaneously Achieving High Energy Density And Efficiency, Nengneng Luo, Kai Han, Matthew Cabral, Xiaozhou Liao, Shujun Zhang, Changzhong Liao, Guangzu Zhang, Xiyong Chen, Qin Feng, Jing Li, Yuezhou Wei

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020, The Author(s). Dielectric capacitors with high energy storage density (Wrec) and efficiency (η) are in great demand for high/pulsed power electronic systems, but the state-of-the-art lead-free dielectric materials are facing the challenge of increasing one parameter at the cost of the other. Herein, we report that high Wrec of 6.3 J cm-3 with η of 90% can be simultaneously achieved by constructing a room temperature M2–M3 phase boundary in (1-x)AgNbO3-xAgTaO3 solid solution system. The designed material exhibits high energy storage stability over a wide temperature range of 20–150 °C and excellent cycling reliability ...

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Highly Ordered Macroporous Dual-Element-Doped Carbon From Metal-Organic Frameworks For Catalyzing Oxygen Reduction, Wei Xia, Michelle Hunter, Jiayu Wang, Guoxun Zhu, Sarah Warren, Yingji Zhao, Yoshio Bando, Debra Searles, Yusuke Yamauchi, Jing Tang Jan 2020

Highly Ordered Macroporous Dual-Element-Doped Carbon From Metal-Organic Frameworks For Catalyzing Oxygen Reduction, Wei Xia, Michelle Hunter, Jiayu Wang, Guoxun Zhu, Sarah Warren, Yingji Zhao, Yoshio Bando, Debra Searles, Yusuke Yamauchi, Jing Tang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020. Multiple heteroatom-doped carbons with 3D ordered macro/meso-microporous structures have not been realized by simple carbonization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, ordered macroporous phosphorus- and nitrogen-doped carbon (M-PNC) is prepared successfully by carbonization of double-solvent-induced MOF/polystyrene sphere (PS) precursors accompanied with spontaneous removal of the PS template, followed by post-doping. M-PNC shows a high specific surface area of 837 m2g−1, nitrogen doping of 3.17 at%, and phosphorus doping of 1.12 at%. Thanks to the hierarchical structure, high specific surface area, and multiple heteroatom-doping, M-PNC exhibits unusual catalytic activity as an ...

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Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy And Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction In An Ultrathin Van Der Waals Fe3gete2/In2se3 Heterostructure, Dong Chen, Wei Sun, Hang Li, Jian Li Wang, Yuanxu Wang Jan 2020

Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy And Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction In An Ultrathin Van Der Waals Fe3gete2/In2se3 Heterostructure, Dong Chen, Wei Sun, Hang Li, Jian Li Wang, Yuanxu Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© Copyright © 2020 Chen, Sun, Li, Wang and Wang. The promise of future spintronic devices with nanoscale dimension, high-density, and low-energy consumption motivates the search for van der Waals heterostructure that stabilize topologically protected whirling spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions and domain walls. To translate these compelling features into practical devices, a key challenge lies in achieving effective manipulation of the magnetic anisotropy energy and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, the two key parameters that determine skyrmions. Through the first-principles calculation, we demonstrate that the polarization-induced broken inversion symmetry in the two-dimensional Fe3GeTe2/In2Se3 multiferroic heterostructure does cause an interfacial DM ...

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Lead-Free Antiferroelectric Agnbo3: Phase Transitions And Structure Engineering For Dielectric Energy Storage Applications, Jing Gao, Qiang Li, Shujun Zhang, Jing-Feng Li Jan 2020

Lead-Free Antiferroelectric Agnbo3: Phase Transitions And Structure Engineering For Dielectric Energy Storage Applications, Jing Gao, Qiang Li, Shujun Zhang, Jing-Feng Li

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2020 Author(s). The development of electronic materials for storing electrical energy is a thriving research field, where the materials used in batteries, supercapacitors, dielectric capacitors have attracted extensive interest in last decades. The dielectric capacitors showing unique characteristics such as high power density and large charge/discharge rate have been actively studied, where the antiferroelectrics demonstrate great potentials for dielectric energy storage applications by storing and releasing energy upon a reversible electric-field induced antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. Recently, lead-free antiferroelectric AgNbO3 has emerged as a promising candidate to substitute conventional lead-based antiferroelectrics (such as PbZrO3) in energy storage applications. The ...

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Promoted Photocharge Separation In 2d Lateral Epitaxial Heterostructure For Visible-Light-Driven Co2 Photoreduction, Li Wang, Xue Zhao, Dongdong Lv, Chuangwei Liu, Weihong Lai, Chunyi Sun, Zhongmin Su, Xun Xu, Weichang Hao, Shi Xue Dou, Yi Du Jan 2020

Promoted Photocharge Separation In 2d Lateral Epitaxial Heterostructure For Visible-Light-Driven Co2 Photoreduction, Li Wang, Xue Zhao, Dongdong Lv, Chuangwei Liu, Weihong Lai, Chunyi Sun, Zhongmin Su, Xun Xu, Weichang Hao, Shi Xue Dou, Yi Du

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Photocarrier recombination remains a big barrier for the improvement of solar energy conversion efficiency. For 2D materials, construction of heterostructures represents an efficient strategy to promote photoexcited carrier separation via an internal electric field at the heterointerface. However, due to the difficulty in seeking two components with suitable crystal lattice mismatch, most of the current 2D heterostructures are vertical heterostructures and the exploration of 2D lateral heterostructures is scarce and limited. Here, lateral epitaxial heterostructures of BiOCl @ Bi2O3 at the atomic level are fabricated via sonicating-assisted etching of Cl in BiOCl. This unique lateral heterostructure expedites photoexcited ...

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Anisotropic And Extreme Magnetoresistance In The Magnetic Semimetal Candidate Erbium Monobismuthide, L Fan, F Tang, W Meng, W Zhao, L Zhang, Z Han, Bo Qian, X Jiang, X M. Zhang, Y Fang Jan 2020

Anisotropic And Extreme Magnetoresistance In The Magnetic Semimetal Candidate Erbium Monobismuthide, L Fan, F Tang, W Meng, W Zhao, L Zhang, Z Han, Bo Qian, X Jiang, X M. Zhang, Y Fang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Rare-earth monopnictides display rich physical behaviors, featuring most notably spin and orbital orders in their ground state. Here, we grow ErBi single crystal and study its magnetic, thermal, and electrical properties. An analysis of the magnetic entropy and magnetization indicates that the weak magnetic anisotropy in ErBi possibly derives from the mixing effect, namely the anisotropic ground state of Er3+(4f11) mingles with the isotropic excited state through exchange interaction. At low temperature, an extremely large magnetoresistance (∼104%) with a parabolic magnetic-field dependence is observed, which can be ascribed to the nearly perfect electron-hole compensation and ultrahigh carrier mobility. When ...

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Low-Cost Efficient Magnetic Adsorbent For Phosphorus Removal From Water, Liting Zhang, Hongbing Dan, Orphe Bukasa, Linlin Song, Yin Liu, Liang Wang, Jianjun Li Jan 2020

Low-Cost Efficient Magnetic Adsorbent For Phosphorus Removal From Water, Liting Zhang, Hongbing Dan, Orphe Bukasa, Linlin Song, Yin Liu, Liang Wang, Jianjun Li

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Adsorption using magnetic adsorbents makes the phosphorus removal from water simple and efficient. However, most of the reported magnetic adsorbents use chemically synthesized nanoparticles as magnetic cores, which are expensive and environmentally unfriendly. Replacing the nanomagnetic cores by cheap and green magnetic materials is essential for the wide application of this technique. In this paper, coal-fly-ash magnetic spheres (MSs) were processed to produce a cheap and eco-friendly magnetic core. A magnetic adsorbent, ZrO2 coated ball-milled MS (BMS@ZrO2), was prepared through a simple chemical precipitation method. Careful structural investigations indicate that a multipore structural amorphous ZrO2 layer has grown on ...

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Nanofibers-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester For Self-Powered Wearable Technologies, Fatemeh Mokhtari, Mahnaz Shamshirsaz, Masoud Latifi, Javad Foroughi Jan 2020

Nanofibers-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester For Self-Powered Wearable Technologies, Fatemeh Mokhtari, Mahnaz Shamshirsaz, Masoud Latifi, Javad Foroughi

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The demands for wearable technologies continue to grow and novel approaches for powering these devices are being enabled by the advent of new energy materials and novel manufacturing strategies. In addition, decreasing the energy consumption of portable electronic devices has created a huge demand for the development of cost-effective and environment friendly alternate energy sources. Energy harvesting materials including piezoelectric polymer with its special properties make this demand possible. Herein, we develop a flexible and lightweight nanogenerator package based on polyvinyledene fluoride (PVDF)/LiCl electrospun nanofibers. The piezoelectric performance of the developed nanogenator is investigated to evaluate effect of the ...

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Creating Thin Magnetic Layers At The Surface Of Sb2te3 Topological Insulators Using A Low-Energy Chromium Ion Beam, David L. Cortie, Weiyao Zhao, Zengji Yue, Zhi Li, Abuduliken Bake, Olexandra Marenych, Zeljko Pastuovic, Mitchell John Bromley Nancarrow, Zhaoming Zhang, Dong-Chen Qi, Peter Evans, D Rg Mitchell, Xiaolin Wang Jan 2020

Creating Thin Magnetic Layers At The Surface Of Sb2te3 Topological Insulators Using A Low-Energy Chromium Ion Beam, David L. Cortie, Weiyao Zhao, Zengji Yue, Zhi Li, Abuduliken Bake, Olexandra Marenych, Zeljko Pastuovic, Mitchell John Bromley Nancarrow, Zhaoming Zhang, Dong-Chen Qi, Peter Evans, D Rg Mitchell, Xiaolin Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The surfaces of Sb2Te3 topological insulator crystals were implanted using a 40 keV chromium ion beam. To facilitate uniform doping, the Sb2Te3 was passivated with a thin TiO2 film before the implantation step. The resulting chemical structure was studied using atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy. A fluence of 7 × 1015 ions/cm2 at 40 keV lead to amorphization of the Sb2Te3 surface, with chromium predominantly incorporated in the amorphous layer. Heating to 200 °C caused the amorphous region to recrystallize and led to the formation of a thin chromium-rich ...

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Local Electronic And Magnetic Properties Of The Doped Topological Insulators Bi2se3:Ca And Bi2te3:Mn Investigated Using Ion-Implanted 8li Β−Nmr, Ryan M. L. Mcfadden, Aris Chatzichristos, David L. Cortie, Derek Fujimoto, Yew San Hor, Huiwen Ji, Victoria L. Karner, Robert F. Kiefl, C. D. Philip Levy, Ruohong Li, Iain Mckenzie, Gerald D. Morris, Matthew R. Pearson, Monika Stachura, Robert J. Cava, W Andrew Macfarlane Jan 2020

Local Electronic And Magnetic Properties Of The Doped Topological Insulators Bi2se3:Ca And Bi2te3:Mn Investigated Using Ion-Implanted 8li Β−Nmr, Ryan M. L. Mcfadden, Aris Chatzichristos, David L. Cortie, Derek Fujimoto, Yew San Hor, Huiwen Ji, Victoria L. Karner, Robert F. Kiefl, C. D. Philip Levy, Ruohong Li, Iain Mckenzie, Gerald D. Morris, Matthew R. Pearson, Monika Stachura, Robert J. Cava, W Andrew Macfarlane

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

We report β−NMR measurements in Bi2Se3:Ca and Bi2Te3:Mn single crystals using 8Li+ implanted to depths on the order of 100 nm. Above ∼200K, spin-lattice relaxation reveals diffusion of 8Li+, with activation energies of ∼0.4eV (∼0.2eV) in Bi2Se3:Ca (Bi2Te3:Mn). At lower temperatures, the NMR properties are those of a heavily doped semiconductor in the metallic limit, with Korringa relaxation and a small, negative, temperature-dependent Knight shift in Bi2Se3:Ca. From this, we make a detailed comparison with the isostructural tetradymite Bi2Te2Se [McFadden et al., Phys. Rev. B 99, 125201 (2019)]. In the magnetic Bi2Te3 ...

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