Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Cu2O(1 1 0) Formation On Co3O4(1 1 0) Induced By Copper Impurity Segregation, S. C. Petitto, Marjorie Langell

Marjorie A. Langell Publications

The surface crystal structure of the Co₃O₄(1 1 0) spinel was characterized by low energy electron diffraction (LEED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Well-defined LEED diffraction patterns showed an unreconstructed Co₃O₄(1 1 0) surface in Type A termination, and XPS and Auger indicated the surface to be stoichiometric with octahedral and tetrahedral cation sites occupied by 3+ and 2+ cations, respectively. The experimental lattice parameters of 8.22 Å ± 0.2 Å and 5.50 Å ± 0.2 Å in the (0 0 1) and (1¯ 1 0) directions, respectively, …

West Nile Virus National Report On Dead Bird Surveillance, Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Patrick Zimmer

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

The following is a synthesis of data collected in the National WNV dead bird surveillance program in 2005. As such it reflects the activities of a range of jurisdictions and agencies, including Federal/Provincial/Territorial Health, Wildlife and Agriculture Departments and the Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre. All of the data used was compiled using the CCWHC database; minor discrepancies from other reports or websites are possible.

Coordinate Systems And Bounded Isomorphisms, David R. Pitts, David R. Pitts

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

For a Banach D-bimoduleMover an abelian unital C*-algebraD, we define E1(M) as the collection of norm-one eigenvectors for the dual action of D on the Banach space dual M#. Equip E1(M) with the weak*-topology. We develop general properties of E1(M). It is properly viewed as a coordinate system for M when M C, where C is a unital C*-algebra containing D as a regular MASA with the extension property; moreover, E1(C) coincides with Kumjian’s twist in the context of C*-diagonals. We identify the C*-envelope of a subalgebra A of a C*-diagonal when D A C. For triangular subalgebras, each containing …

Magnetic And Spectroscopic Characteristics Of Znmno System, Aswini K. Pradhan, D. Hunter, Kai Zhang, J.B. Dadson, S. Mohanty, T.M. Williams, K. Lord, R.R. Rakimhov, U.N. Roy, Y. Cui, A. Burger, Jun Zhang, David J. Sellmyer

David Sellmyer Publications

We report on the observation of room-temperature ferromagnetism in epitaxial (Zn,Mn)O films grown by a pulsed-laser deposition technique using high-density targets. The X-ray, microscopic, spectroscopic and magnetic properties of target material containing 6 at.% of Mn and films were compared. The target shows the presence of large clusters exhibiting paramagnetic behavior. However, ferromagnetic properties were observed in (Zn,Mn)O films grown at a substrate temperature of 500 °C and with an oxygen partial pressure of 1 mTorr. Although, crystalline quality of the film improves with increasing substrate temperature, the ferromagnetism becomes weaker.

Rescattering Effects In The Multiphoton Regime, M. V. Frolov, A. V. Flegel, N. L. Manakov, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

The plateau features that characterize the low-frequency spectra of fundamental strong-field processes such as harmonic generation, above-threshold ionization and laser-assisted electron-atom scattering are shown to exist also for photon energies E_γ of the order of the energy |E₀| of a bound electron. The existence of these rescattering effects in such a high-frequency (and thus nontunnelling) regime is supported by accurate quantum analyses of intense Ti-Sapphire laser interactions with halogen negative ions, for which E_γ ≈ 0.5|E0|.

The Prairie Naturalist, Volume 37, No.4 December 2005

The Prairie Naturalist

AVIAN COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO CONSTRUCTION OF A NATURALISTIC GOLF COURSE IN TALL GRASS PRAIRIE IN KANSAS ▪ R. J. Robel, S. L. Bye, K. E. Kemp, and S. J. Thien

SECOND REPORT OF THE NORTH DAKOTA BIRD RECORDS COMMITTEE: 2002-2003 ▪ D. Svingen, and R. E. Martin

RECENT RECORDS OF FORMERLY EXTIRPATED CARNIVORES IN NEBRASKA ▪ J. D. Hoffman, and H. H. Genoways

PLAINS HARVEST MOUSE IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. W. Seabloom, and T. L. Shaffer

Book Reviews

A Primer on Prairie Ecology ▪ M. A. Cunningham

Range Wars: Have Prairie Dogs Lost the Battle for the West? ▪ …

M4@Si28 (M=Al,Ga) Metal-Encapsulated Tetrahedral Silicon Fullerene, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

It is known that silicon fullerenes cannot maintain perfect cage structures like carbon fullerenes. Previous density-functional theory calculations have shown that even with encapsulated species, nearly all endohedral silicon fullerenes exhibit highly puckered cage structures in comparison with their carbon counterparts. In this work, we present theoretical evidences that the tetrahedral fullerene cage Si₂₈ can be fully stabilized by encapsulating a tetrahedral metallic cluster (Al₄ or Ga₄). To our knowledge, this is the first predicted endohedral silicon fullerene that can retain perfectly the same cage structure (without puckering) as the carbon fullerene counterpart (T_{d …}

Ferroelectric Polymer Langmuir–Blodgett Films For Nonvolatile Memory Applications, Stephen Ducharme, Timothy J. Reece, Christina M. Othon, R. K. Rannow

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We review the potential for integrating ferroelectric polymer Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films with semiconductor technology to produce nonvolatile ferroelectric random-access memory (NV-FRAM or NV-FeRAM) and data-storage devices. The prototype material is a copolymer consisting of 70% vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and 30% trifluoroethylene (TrFE), or P(VDF-TrFE 70:30). Recent work with LB films and more conventional solventformed films shows that the VDF copolymers are promising materials for nonvolatile memory applications. The prototype device is themetal–ferroelectric–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) capacitance memory. Field-effect transistor (FET)-based devices are also discussed. The LB films afford devices with low-voltage operation, but there are two important technical hurdles that must be …

Focused-Laser Interferometric Position Sensor, Stephen J. Friedman, Brett E. Barwick, Herman Batelaan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We describe a simple method to measure the position shifts of an object with a range of tens of micrometers using a focused-laser (FL) interferometric position sensor. In this article we examine the effects of mechanical vibration on FL and Michelson interferometers. We tested both interferometers using vibration amplitudes ranging from 0 to 20 μm. Our FL interferometer has a resolution much better than the diffraction grating periodicities of 10 and 14 μm used in our experiments. A FL interferometer provides improved mechanical stability at the expense of spatial resolution. Our experimental results show that Michelson interferometers cannot be used …

Reversible Hysteresis Loop Tuning, Andreas Berger, Christian Binek, D. T. Margulies, A. Moser, E. E. Fullerton

Christian Binek Publications

We utilize antiferromagnetically coupled bilayer structures to magnetically tune hysteresis loop properties. Key element of this approach is the non-overlapping switching fi eld distribution of the two magnetic layers that make up the system: a hard magnetic CoPtCrB layer (HL) and a soft magnetic CoCr layer (SL). Both layers are coupled antiferromagnetically through an only 0.6-nm-thick Ru interlayer. The nonoverlapping switching fi eld distribution allows the measurement of magnetization reversal in the SL at low fi elds while keeping the magnetization state of the HL unperturbed. Applying an appropriate high fi eld or high fi eld sequence changes the magnetic …

Search For BS0→Μ+Μ- And BD0→Μ+Μ- Decays In PΡ̅ Collisions With Cdf Ii, A. Abulencia, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We report on a search for B_s⁰→µ⁺µ^- and B_d⁰→µ⁺µ^- decays in p^ρ̅ collisions at √8=1.96 TeV using 364 pb^-1 of data collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. After applying all selection requirements, we observe no candidates inside the B_s⁰ or B_d⁰ mass windows. The resulting upper limits on the branching fractions are Ɓ (B_s⁰→µ⁺µ^-)<1.5×10^-7 and Ɓ (B_d⁰→µ⁺µ^-)<3.9×10^-8 at 90% confidence level.

Freshwater Mussel Survey Of The 39-Mile District - Missouri National Recreational River, South Dakota And Nebraska, Jeff Shearer, Doug Backlund, Stephen K. Wilson

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionida) surveys were conducted on the 39-Mile District of the Missouri National Recreational River (MNRR) between Ft. Randall Dam, South Dakota and Running Water, South Dakota from October 2004 to September 2005. Fortynine locations within the 39-Mile District were inspected for the presence of mussel populations. Mussels (live individuals or dead shells) were collected at only 37% (18 of 49) of the sites. Of the seven mussel species collected during this survey, the fragile papershell Leptodea fragilis and pink papershell otamilus ohiensis were the most common. The paper pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis and mapleleaf Quadrula quadrula were rare …

Results Of Vadose Zone Sampling Within The Tri-Basin Natural Resources District, Mark E. Burbach

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

Nanomesa And Nanowell Formation In Langmuir–Blodgett Polyvinylidene Fluoride Trifluoroethylene Copolymer Films, Jiangyu Li, Yang Luo, Mengjun Bai, Stephen Ducharme

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

In this letter, we report an energetics-based model to explain the self-organizing nanomesa and nanowell patterns recently observed in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymers. The feature size of nanomesas and nanowells has been estimated using a linear stability analysis, and the morphology of the nanomesas and nanowells has been revealed by the numerical simulation, both in good agreement with experiments. A number of other model predictions regarding the nanomesa and nanowell formation also agree with experimental observations. The model can be used to guide the design and optimization of nanostructures in the P(VDF-TrFE) LB films and …

Combination Of Cdf And D0 Results On The W Boson Mass And Width, V. M. Abazov, Gregory Snow, D0 Collaboration

Gregory Snow Publications

The results based on 1992–95 data (Run 1) from the CDF and D0 experiments on the measurements of the W boson mass and width are presented, along with the combined results. We report a Tevatron collider average M_w = 80.456 ± 0.059 GeV. We also report the Tevatron collider average of the directly measured W boson width Γ_w = 2.115 ± 0.105 GeV. We describe a new joint analysis of the direct W mass and width measurements. Assuming the validity of the standard model, we combine the directly measured W boson width with the width extracted from the …

Parametrizations And Dynamical Analysis Of Angle-Integrated Cross Sections For Double Photoionization Including Nondipole Effects, Andrei Y. Istomin, Anthony F. Starace, N. L. Manakov, A. V. Meremianin, A. S. Kheifets, Igor Bray

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Similarly to differential cross sections for one-electron photoionization, the doubly differential cross section for double photoionization (DPI) may be conveniently described by four parameters: the singly differential (with respect to energy sharing) cross section (sigma0), the dipole asymmetry parameter (beta), and two nondipole asymmetry parameters (gamma and delta). Here we derive two model-independent representations for these parameters for DPI from a 1S0 atomic bound state: (i) in terms of one-dimensional integrals of the polarization-invariant DPI amplitudes and (ii) in terms of the exact two-electron reduced matrix elements. For DPI of He at excess energies, Eexc, of 100 eV, 450 eV, …

Aid To The Identification Of Waterfowl Breastbones, Parts I & Ii, David Oates

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

This document provides information on identifying the species of waterfowl by means of breastbone characteristics (i.e., in skeletal remains). It contains diagrams, measurements, and distinguishing characteristics for the following species: oldsquaw, ruddy duck, black scoter, surf scoter, white-winged scoter, common eider, king eider, harlequin duck, canvasback, greater scaup, lesser scaup, redhead duck, ring-necked duck, common merganser, red-breasted merganser, hooded merganser, common goldeneye, Barrow's goldeneye, bufflehead, Steller's eider, whistling duck, tree duck, black-bellied duck, fulvous duck, blue-winged teal, cinnamon teal, green-winged teal, black duck, gadwall, mallard, mottled duck, pintail, shoveler, bald pate widgeon, and wood duck. A useful document for forensic …

Description Of A Database Support Tool For Retrospective Georeferencing Of Natural History Museum Specimen Collections, Rachel A. Simpson, Jeremy B. Young

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The locations at which natural history museum specimens were collected can be visualized using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology when explicit and standardized references to geospatial locations are available. We describe a database support tool which automates the association of localities with explicit geospatial coordinates for named places included in an electronic gazetteer. The tool furthermore facilitates simple manual review and correction of results.

Refuge Update – November/December 2005, Volume 2, Number 6

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:

Make Way for Ducklings, page 4 With help from refuge experts, roads and bridges can be built to accommodate wildlife.

Katrina Heroes, pages 8-9 Extraordinary diaries from refuge staffers who were there when Katrina came calling.

Focus on…Reaching Youth , page 10-15 Refuges give young people a chance to learn art, poetry, native culture, service – and stewardship.

Nisqually: Growing and Restoring, page 17 The Outstanding Refuge Plan of 2005 opens the door to the largest estuary restoration project in the Pacific Northwest.

Large-Scale Molecular-Dynamics Simulation Of Nanoscale Hydrophobic Interaction And Nanobubble Formation, Takahiro Koishi, Kenji Yasuoka, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, S. Yoo, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

We performed large-scale molecular-dynamics simulation of nanoscale hydrophobic interaction manifested by the formation of nanobubble between nanometer-sized hydrophobic clusters at constrained equilibrium. Particular attention is placed on the tendency of formation and stability of nanobubbles in between model nanoassemblies which are composed of hydrophobic clusters (or patches) embedded in a hydrophilic substrate. On the basis of physical behavior of nanobubble formation, we observed a change from short-range molecular hydrophobic interaction to midrange nanoscopic interaction when the length scale of hydrophobe approaches to about 1 nm. We investigated the behavior of nanobubble formation with several different patterns of nonpolar-site distribution on …

Intra-Atomic Aspects Of Magnon-Plasmon Interactions, Ralph Skomski, Peter A. Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

Magnon-plasmon interactions are modeled by considering the spin-dependent dielectric response of atoms placed in crystalline environment. Hund's exchange rules favor parallel spin alignment, but the strength of the exchange depends on the displacement of the centers of gravity of the atomic spin-up and spin-down electron charge clouds. The intra-atomic exchange is modeled by considering a Hubbard-type interaction, and interatomic interaction then yields a k-space dispersion. The eigenmodes of the plasma are a mixture of spin-up and spin-down degrees of freedom, described by a 2×2 interaction matrix. Minority and majority bands yield different plasmon frequencies. However, these modes are not orthogonal …

How To Keep Beavers From Plugging Culverts, Dale L. Nolte, Dale H. Arner, John Paulson, Jeanne C. Jones, Andy Trent

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Beaver populations increased dramatically during the last half century. Beavers and beaver dams now are found on rivers, streams, and creeks across the country. Although beavers dam streams for their own benefit, the ponds create habitats for birds, fish, and other wildlife. Unfortunately, as road engineers and maintenance crews know, beavers also plug culverts. When culverts are plugged (figure 1), roads can be washed away by flooding. Removing the beavers’ dams usually requires heavy equipment, which is costly. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Missoula Technology and Development Center (MTDC) was asked to investigate methods to solve the …

Faa Names "Excellence In Aviation Research Award" Winners

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Federal Aviation Administration is presenting its 2005 Excellence in Aviation Research Awards to Richard Dolbeer, Ph.D., Coordinator of the Aviation Safety and Assistance Program for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Colin Drury, Ph.D., University of Buffalo Distinguished Professor and Chair of the Department of Industrial Engineering at the university, for their work in airport wildlife hazard mitigation and aviation maintenance human factors, respectively.

Roadmap For High Efficiency Solid-State Neutron Detectors, R. J. Nikolic, Chin Li Cheung, C. E. Reinhardt, T. F. Wang

Barry Chin Li Cheung Publications

Solid-state thermal neutron detectors are generally fabricated in a planar configuration by coating a layer of neutron-to-alpha converter material onto a semiconductor. The as-created alpha particles in the material are expected to impinge the semiconductor and create electron-hole pairs which provide the electrical signal. These devices are limited in efficiency to a range near (2-5%)/cm² due to the conflicting thickness requirements of the converter layer. In this case, the layer is required to be thick enough to capture the incoming neutron flux while at the same time adequately thin to allow the alpha particles to reach the semiconductor. A …

A Visual Method For Indexing Muskrat Populations, Richard M. Engeman, Desley A. Whisson

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The native range for muskrats (Ondatru zibethicus) includes much of North America, but they also have been introduced beyond their native range, including into the Fall River, California, where they have come into conflict with human interests. An easily applied method to assess their abundance is an important need for their management. We developed a muskrat visual index (MVI) to provide the information necessary to address this need. Observations were made at randomly located sites along the river. The number of muskrats observed during a 45 min period was recorded during the late afternoon peak activity time at each …

Water Current, Volume 37, No. 4. Fall 2005

Water Current Newsletter

Contents

• Missouri River Mainstem System is North America’s Largest Reservoir System by Mary S. Roth

• UNL, Well Drillers, NRD Team on York Well Demo by Steve Ress

• From the Director

• Meet the Faculty

• August Four States Tour Looks at Front Range Water and Agriculture Issues by Steve Ress

• Understanding the Ins-and-Outs of LB 962

• Managing Australia’s Great Artesian Basin by Steve Ress

• Husker Harvest Days 2005

• Master Manual Sees Changes Since First Adopted in 1961 by Roy F. McAllister

• Ponca State Park Habitat Restoration Project by Luke Wallace

• Emergent …

The Cytolethal Distending Toxin B Sub-Unit Of Helicobacter Hepaticus Is A Ca2+- And Mg2+-Dependent Neutral Nuclease, Rohana P. Dassanayake, Mark A. Griep, Gerald Duhamel

Mark Griep Publications

The cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) of the mouse pathogen Helicobacter hepaticus has cation binding and DNA catalysis residues in common with members of the mammalian deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) family. The purpose of the present study was to characterize CdtB nuclease. To establish optimal digestion conditions and to evaluate co-factor requirements, a novel and sensitive fl uorometric assay that quantitatively determines double stranded DNA digestion was developed. Although the Ca²⁺- and Mg²⁺-dependence and neutral properties of CdtB were similar to DNase I, hydrolysis of DNA by CdtB was approximately 100-fold less active than DNase I …

Coarse-Grained Free-Energy-Functional Treatment Of Quasistatic Multiscale Processes In Heterogeneous Materials, H. Zhou, Ruqiang Feng, Dennis J. Diestler, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

A new treatment of quasistatic (reversible) multiscale processes in heterogeneous materials at nonzero temperature is presented. The system is coarse grained by means of a finite-element mesh. The coarse-grained free-energy functional (of the positions of the nodes of the mesh) appropriate to the thermodynamic-state variables controlled in the relevant process is minimized. Tests of the new procedure on a Lennard-Jonesium crystal yield thermomechanical properties in good agreement with the “exact” atomistic results.

Stratégie Nationale De Contrôle De L'Encéphalopathie Des Cervidés Du Canada, Octobre 2005

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Le but de la Stratégie nationale de contrôle de l'encéphalopathie des cervidés du Canada est d'établir une politique nationale coordonnée et un cadre de réaction à la maladie et de gestion de celle-ci afin de réduire au minimum les répercussions négatives de l'encéphalopathie des cervidés sur la biodiversité, la santé des êtres humains et du bétail et sur l'environnement et l'économie. Le but final de cette stratégie est l'éradication de l'encéphalopathie des cervidés du Canada ou, à défaut, atteindre le contrôle le plus complet possible de la maladie pour qu'elle ne se répande pas dans de nouvelles régions géographiques ou …

Canada’S National Chronic Wasting Disease Control Strategy

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

The objective of Canada’s National Chronic Wasting Disease Control Strategy is to establish a coordinated national policy and a disease response and management framework to minimize the negative impacts of Chronic Wasting Disease on biodiversity, human and livestock health, the environment and the economy. The ultimate objective of this Strategy is to eradicate Chronic Wasting Disease from Canada or, failing this, to achieve the tightest possible control of the disease so that it does not spread to new geographic areas or to new species, and so that its environmental, economic and health impacts are minimized. As mandated by the federalprovincial/ …