Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Ssrn As An Initial Revolution In Academic Knowledge Aggregation And Dissemination, David Bray, Sascha Vitzthum, Benn Konsynski

Sascha Vitzthum

Within this paper we consider our results of using the Social Science Research Network (SSRN) over a period of 18 months to distribute our working papers to the research community. Our experiences have been quite positive, with SSRN serving as a platform both to inform our colleagues about our research as well as inform us about related research (through email and telephoned conversations of colleagues who discovered our paper on SSRN). We then discuss potential future directions for SSRN to consider, and how SSRN might well represent an initial revolution in 21st century academic knowledge aggregation and dissemination. Our paper …

Sub-Micron Parallel Laser Direct-Write, Christina Othon, Arnoldo Laracuente, H Ladoucuer, Bradley Ringeisen

Christina M Othon

We have developed a modified laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique which allows for the parallel deposition of hundreds of sub-micron features. The approach utilizes a self-assembled monolayer of monodisperse polystyrene microspheres as the focusing element. A monolayer of close-packed microspheres is formed on top of an ultra-thin quartz support (25 m thick), and a metallic thin film is then deposited on the underside of the quartz. This approach is different from previous parallel microsphere-assisted LIFT experiments that required the deposition of metal directly onto the surface of the periodic microsphere structure. For this study, an 800 nm, 130 fs …

Laser-Induced Photon-Branched Chain Reaction In A Chemically-Active Gas-Dispersed Medium, Thomas F. George, Renat R. Letfullin, Galen C. Duree

Thomas George

Intelligent Multimedia Delivery? It’S A Question Of Semantics, Joseph Thomas-Kerr, I. Burnett, C. Ritz

Ian Burnett

Intelligent multimedia delivery uses semantic information about content to enhance the delivery process. This paper proposes a model for intelligent multimedia delivery that advances the state of the art by incorporating a concept of semantic distortion into the delivery optimization process. Furthermore, the model combines format-independence with rate-distortion optimization to provide a flexible framework for intelligent delivery of multimedia in existing and future formats. The paper provides a review of the existing work covering components of the model: scalable coding formats, rate-distortion optimization, format-independent adaptation, and semantic adaptation. It then details the model, and identifies open problems and opportunities for …

Pre-Processing Of Signals Observed From Laser Diode Self-Mixing Intereferometries Using Neural Networks, L. Wei, Joe F. Chicharo, Yanguang Yu, Jiangtao Xi

Professor Jiangtao Xi

This paper presents a novel neural network signal interpolation technique in order to eliminate the noise and disturbance associated with the self-mixing signal observed from optical feedback self- mixing interferometry (OFSMI). The proposed technique aims to improve the accuracy for displacement and moving track measurement of a target. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by both simulation and experimentation, with simulation revealing a measuring accuracy of A/25 for weak feedback and J20 for moderate feed back.

Carbon-Centric Computing: It Solutions For Climate Change, Aditya K. Ghose, Helen M. Hasan, T. Spedding

Helen Hasan

IT has a role to play in the current debate on climate change. The current discourse on IT and climate change views IT in a negative light, as a polluter. What remains unrecognized is the critical role of IT as a source of solutions to the climate change problem. We live in a massive, inter-connected Planet Earth Supply Chain. IT provides a range of tools to model, manage and optimize this supply chain. The University of Wollongong Carbon-Centric Computing Initiative (CCCI) seeks to seed a program of research that addresses the climate change problem with a range of computing technologies …

Gravitational Wave Burst Source Direction Estimation Using Time And Amplitude Information, J. Markowitz, M. Zanolin, L. Cadonati, E. Katsavounidis

Michele Zanolin

Switchable Polarization-Independent Liquid-Crystal Fabry-Perot Filter, Enkh-Amgalan Dorjgotov, Achintya K. Bhowmik, Philip J. Bos

Philip J. Bos

A new approach to a polarization-independent twisted liquid-crystal (LC) structure, where phase difference between orthogonal eigenmodes is tuned to be an integer multiple of 2 pi, is demonstrated with a numerical model. For select wavelengths, polarization-independent operation can be achieved by tuning the twist rate and thickness of the LC cavity Applications can be found in polarization-independent switches and field sequential wavelength selection devices.

M.Vasiliev_Nanostruct_Engineered_ Materials_Icocn_2008.Ppt, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh, Viacheslav Kotov, Yong-Tak Lee

Mikhail Vasiliev

No abstract provided.

Choosing Among Unequals: A Statistical Solution To A Stalemate, Durgesh Chandra Pathak

Durgesh Chandra Pathak

In Uttar Pradesh, a new tradition has been started of selecting B.Ed degree holders for a job in Primary Schools and it has been named "Vishisht BTC". Applying their own logic, the ruling governments use variuos criterion to select the candidates. The basic problem is that they have to choose candidates on the basis of merit of their marks in various exams. Now, it is well-established fact that marking is not similar in all universities/colleges. So for a same exam, there can be much inter-university as well as intra-university variation in marks given to students. The point is that student …

Giant Sequoia Insect, Disease, And Ecosystem Interactions, Douglas D. Piirto

Douglas D. Piirto

Individual trees of giant sequoia (Sequoia gigantea [Lindl.] Decne.) have demonstrated a capacity to attain both a long life and very large size. It is not uncommon to find old-growth giant sequoia trees in their native range that are 1,500 years old and over 15 feet in diameter at breast height. The ability of individual giant sequoia trees to survive over such long periods of time has often been attributed to the species high resistance to disease, insect, and fire damage. Such a statement, however, is a gross oversimplification, given broader ecosystem and temporal interactions. For example, why isn't there …

Efficacy Of Herbicide Application Methods Used To Control Tanoak (Lithocarpus Densiflorus) In An Uneven-Aged Coast Redwood Management Context, Douglas D. Piirto, Brenda Smith, Eric K. Huff, Scott T. Robinson

Douglas D. Piirto

Three methods of tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus [Hook. & Arn.] Rehd.) control involving the application of the amine or ester form of triclopyr were evaluated in this coast redwood uneven-aged forest management study of herbicides. A cut-stump application with the amine form of triclopyr (Garlon 3A), frill cut with the amine form of triclopyr, basal-bark (outer surface) with the ester form of triclopyr (Garlon 4), and an untreated control were replicated three times. The tanoak control results in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) and/ or coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens [D. Don] Endl.) predominated stands obtained in earlier studies …

Cost-Effective Fire Management For Southern California's Chaparral Wilderness: An Analytical Procedure, Chris A. Childers, Douglas D. Piirto

Douglas D. Piirto

Fire management has always meant fire suppression to the managers of the chaparral covered southern California National Forests. Today, Forest Service fire management programs must be cost effective, while wilderness fire management objectives are aimed at recreating natural fire regimes. A cost-effectiveness analysis has been developed to compare fire management options for meeting these objectives in California's chaparral wilderness. This paper describes the analytical procedure using examples from a study currently being conducted for the Los Padres National Forest, and discusses some preliminary results.

A Mobile Agent-Supported Web Services Testing Platform, Jia Zhang, Di Xu

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

An Aztec 1.1 Mm Survey Of The Goods-N Field – I. Maps, Catalogue And Source Statistics, Thushara Perera, E. Chapin, J. Austermann, K. Scott, G. Wilson, M. Halern, A. Pope, D. Scott, M. Yun, J. Lowenthal, G. Morrison, I. Aretxaga, J. Bock, K. Coppin, M. Crowe, L. Frey, D. Hughes, Y. Kang, S. Kim, P. Mauskopf

Thushara A. Perera

No abstract provided.

Towards Self-Organizing, Smart Business Networks: Let’S Create ‘Life’ From Inert Information, David Bray, Benn Konsynski

David A. Bray

We review three different theories that can inform how researchers can determine the performance of smart business networks, to include: (1) the Theory of Evolution, (2) the Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm, and (3) research insights into computers and cognition. We suggest that each of these theories demonstrate that to be generally perceived as smart, an organism needs to be self-organizing, communicative, and tool-making. Consequentially, to determine the performance of a smart business network, we suggest that researchers need to determine the degree to which it is self-organizing, communicative, and tool-making. We then relate these findings to the Internet and …

Fluoranthene, But Not Benzo[A]Pyrene, Interacts With Hypoxia Resulting In Pericardial Effusion And Lordosis In Developing Zebrafish, Cole W. Matson, Alicia R. Timme-Laragy, Richard T. Di Giulio

Alicia R. Timme-Laragy

Previous research has documented several PAHs that interact synergistically, causing severe teratogenicity in developing fish embryos. The coexposure of CYP1A inhibitors (e.g. FL or ANF) with AHR agonists (e.g. BaP or BNF) results in a synergistic increase in toxicity. As with chemical CYP1A inhibitors, it has also been shown that CYP1A morpholinos exacerbate BNF-induced embryotoxicity. We hypothesized that a hypoxia-induced reduction in CYP1A activity in BNF or BaP-exposed zebrafish embryos would similarly enhance pericardial effusion and other developmental abnormalities. BaP, BNF, ANF, and FL exposures, both individually and as BaP+FL or BNF+ANF combinations, were performed under hypoxia and normoxia. CYP1A …

International Terrorism:Role ,Responsibility And Operation Of Media Channles, Ratnesh Dwivedi Mr

Ratnesh Dwivedi

"Terrorism" is a term that cannot be given a stable defintion. Or rather, it can, but to do so forstalls any attempt to examine the major feature of its relation to television in the contemporary world. As the central public arena for organising ways of picturing and talking about social and political life, TV plays a pivotal role in the contest between competing defintions, accounts and explanations of terrorism. Which term is used in any particular context is inextricably tied to judgemements about the legitimacy of the action in question and of the political system against which it is directed. …

Tuning Nonlinear Optical Properties In Π-Delocalizable Ruthenium Complexes, T. Christopher Corkery, Sanjay S. Chavan, Marie P. Cifuentes, Marek Samoc, Stijn Van Cleuvenbergen, Inge Asselberghs, Koen Clays, Mark G. Humphrey

Chris Corkery

No abstract provided.

The Star Formation Law In Nearby Galaxies On Sub-Kpc Scales, F. Bigiel, A. Leroy, F. Walter, E. Brinks, W.J.G. De Blok, B. F. Madore, Michele D. Thornley

Michele Thornley

Adhesion And Interfacial Fracture Toughness Between Hard And Soft Materials, Nima Rahbar, Kurt Wolf, Argjenta Orana, Roy Fennimore, Zong Zong, Juan Meng, George Papandreou, Cynthia Maryanoff, Wole Soboyejo

Nima Rahbar

This paper presents the results of a combined experimental and theoretical study of adhesion between hard and soft layers that are relevant to medical devices such as drug-eluting stents and semiconductor applications. Brazil disk specimens were used to measure the interfacial fracture energies between model parylene C and 316L stainless steel over a wide range of mode mixities. The trends in the overall fracture energies are predicted using a combination of adhesion theories and fracture mechanics concepts. The measured interfacial fracture energies are shown to be in good agreement with the predictions.

Potential Driven Deposition Of Poly(Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride) Onto The Surface Of 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid Monolayers Assembled On Gold, Wesley Sanders, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements are used to examine the ability of applied potential to drive the ionic self-assembly of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) onto a substrate modified with a monolayer of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA). The potential of zero charge (PZC) of the gold electrode modified with a monolayer of 3-MPA was found by differential capacitance measurements to be −0.12 (±0.01) V versus Ag−AgCl. Changing the substrate potential to values positive (−0.01 V vs Ag−AgCl) of the PZC induces interfacial conditions that are favorable for the electrostatic deposition of cationic polymers onto the surface of 3-MPA …

The Role Of Science And Engineering In Water Regulation Over The Past 100 Years, James R. May, Patrick Clary

James R. May

This article explores how scientific and engineering principles are inexorably linked to the regulation of water. Scientists and engineers first discovered the link between disease and water sources in the mid-19th century. Over the years, scientists and engineers have led the way to identifying water quality problems and their causes. These discoveries have directly contributed to the scope of water regulation in the United States and elsewhere. In addition, changes in water quality regulation have dictated the need for increasingly sophisticated water treatment technologies and engineers have been at the forefront of the development of these water control technologies. This …

Regressing Scalar Outcomes On Image Predictors Via Functional Principal Component Regression, Philip T. Reiss

Philip T. Reiss

No abstract provided.

Material Damage From Ultrashort Bursts Of Light, Jeremy Gulley

Jeremy R. Gulley

No abstract is currently available.

All-Optical Suppression Of Relativistic Self-Focusing Of Laser Beams In Plasmas, Serguei Y. Kalmykov, Sunghwan A. Yi, Gennady Shvets

Serge Youri Kalmykov

It is demonstrated that a catastrophic relativistic self-focusing (RSF) of a high-power laser pulse can be prevented all-optically by a second, much weaker, copropagating pulse. RSF suppression occurs when the difference frequency of the pulses slightly exceeds the electron plasma frequency. The mutual defocusing is caused by the three-dimensional electron density perturbation driven by the laser beat wave slightly above the plasma resonance. A bi-envelope model describing the early stage of the mutual defocusing is derived and analyzed. Later stages, characterized by the presence of a strong electromagnetic cascade, are investigated numerically. Stable propagation of the laser pulse with weakly …

Magnetic Field Measurements Of O Stars With Fors 1 At The Vlt., S. Hubrig, M. Schöller, R. S. Schnerr, J. F. González, R. Ignace, H. F. Henrichs

Richard Ignace

Context.The presence of magnetic fields in O-type stars has been suspected for a long time. The discovery of these fields would explain a wide range of well documented enigmatic phenomena in massive stars, in particular cyclical wind variability, Hα emission variations, chemical peculiarity, narrow X-ray emission lines, and non-thermal radio/X-ray emission.
Aims.To investigate the incidence of magnetic fields in O stars, we acquired 38 new spectropolarimetric observations with FORS 1 (FOcal Reducer low dispersion Spectrograph) mounted on the 8-m Kueyen telescope of the VLT.
Methods.Spectropolarimetric observations were obtained at different phases for a sample of 13 O …

Sequence Specific And High Affinity Recognition Of 5′-Acgcgt-3′ By Rationally Designed Pyrrole-Imidazole H-Pin Polyamides: Thermodynamic And Structural Studies., Hilary Mackay, Toni Brown, Peter Uthe, Laura Westrate, Alan Sielaff, Justin Jones, James Lajiness, Jerome Kluza, Caroline O'Hare, Binh Nguyen, Zach Davis, Chrystal Bruce, W. Wilson, John Hartley, Moses Lee

Chrystal D. Bruce

Imidazole (Im) and Pyrrole (Py)-containing polyamides that can form stacked dimers can be programmed to target specific sequences in the minor groove of DNA and control gene expression. Even though various designs of polyamides have been thoroughly investigated for DNA sequence recognition, the use of H-pin polyamides (covalently cross-linked polyamides) has not received as much attention. Therefore, experiments were designed to systematically investigate the DNA recognition properties of two symmetrical H-pin polyamides composed of PyImPyIm (5) or f-ImPyIm (3e, f=formamido) tethered with an ethylene glycol linker. These compounds were created to recognize the cognate 5′-ACGCGT-3′ through an overlapped and staggered …

Impedance Of Contact-Printed Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers On Gold, Leslie Adamczyk, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

Contact printing (CP) is a common method for creating modified interfaces having two-dimensional patterns. The popularity of this method is due to the ease and low cost of this method. When printing an interfacial pattern with n-alkanethiols, the desired properties are those of a homogeneous, solution deposited monolayer. Patterning a surface, however, may cause defects to occur within the monolayer where two thiol domains meet. If large enough, the activity of these areas can dominate the electrochemical response. Creating patterned monolayer modified interfaces, therefore, may generate vast user defined domain boundaries that impact the electrochemical behavior of the modified interface …

Potential Driven Polyelectrolyte Adsorption Onto Monolayer Modified Electrodes, Mark Anderson, Weslie Sanders

Mark R. Anderson

Preparation of interfacial structures by molecular self-assembly has been actively studied for many years. Well-defined modified interfaces can be used to study fundamental interfacial properties, or they can be used in different practical applications. To broaden the utility of interfaces prepared by molecular self-assembly, monolayers containing terminal functionality are frequently used. These interfaces have structural and physical properties that can be controlled by both the identity of the functionalization as well as the ensemble structure of the modified interface. This suggests that the chemical and physical properties of an interface can be designed and/or controlled to some extent by altering …