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- Resilient Communities (12)
- Formicidae (5)
- Sustainable Agriculture (5)
- Climate change (4)
- Null model (4)
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- Phosphorus (4)
- Species richness (4)
- Suspended sediment (4)
- Co-occurrence (3)
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- Warming experiment (3)
- Ants (2)
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- Critical zone (2)
- Disturbance (2)
- Drought (2)
- Ecological economics (2)
- Ecosystem services (2)
- Erosion (2)
- Fluorescence (2)
- Gene expression (2)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 103
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A Multiscale Framework For Disentangling The Roles Of Evenness, Density, And Aggregation On Diversity Gradients, Daniel J. Mcglinn, Thore Engel, Shane A. Blowes, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Tiffany M. Knight, Brian J. Mcgill, Nathan J. Sanders, Jonathan M. Chase
A Multiscale Framework For Disentangling The Roles Of Evenness, Density, And Aggregation On Diversity Gradients, Daniel J. Mcglinn, Thore Engel, Shane A. Blowes, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Tiffany M. Knight, Brian J. Mcgill, Nathan J. Sanders, Jonathan M. Chase
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Ecological Society of America Disentangling the drivers of diversity gradients can be challenging. The Measurement of Biodiversity (MoB) framework decomposes scale-dependent changes in species diversity into three components of community structure: species abundance distribution (SAD), total community abundance, and within-species spatial aggregation. Here we extend MoB from categorical treatment comparisons to quantify variation along continuous geographic or environmental gradients. Our approach requires sites along a gradient, each consisting of georeferenced plots of abundance-based species composition data. We demonstrate our method using a case study of ants sampled along an elevational gradient …
Investigating Biotic Interactions In Deep Time, Danielle Fraser, Laura C. Soul, Anikó B. Tóth, Meghan A. Balk, Jussi T. Eronen, Silvia Pineda-Munoz, Alexandria B. Shupinski, Amelia Villaseñor, W. Andrew Barr, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Andrew Du, J. Tyler Faith, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Gary R. Graves, Advait M. Jukar, Cindy V. Looy, Joshua H. Miller, Richard Potts, S. Kathleen Lyons
Investigating Biotic Interactions In Deep Time, Danielle Fraser, Laura C. Soul, Anikó B. Tóth, Meghan A. Balk, Jussi T. Eronen, Silvia Pineda-Munoz, Alexandria B. Shupinski, Amelia Villaseñor, W. Andrew Barr, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Andrew Du, J. Tyler Faith, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Gary R. Graves, Advait M. Jukar, Cindy V. Looy, Joshua H. Miller, Richard Potts, S. Kathleen Lyons
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Recent renewed interest in using fossil data to understand how biotic interactions have shaped the evolution of life is challenging the widely held assumption that long-term climate changes are the primary drivers of biodiversity change. New approaches go beyond traditional richness and co-occurrence studies to explicitly model biotic interactions using data on fossil and modern biodiversity. Important developments in three primary areas of research include analysis of (i) macroevolutionary rates, (ii) the impacts of and recovery from extinction events, and (iii) how humans (Homo sapiens) affected interactions among non-human species. We present multiple lines of evidence for an important and …
Body Mass-Related Changes In Mammal Community Assembly Patterns During The Late Quaternary Of North America, Silvia Pineda-Munoz, Advait M. Jukar, Anikó B. Tóth, Danielle Fraser, Andrew Du, W. Andrew Barr, Kathryn L. Amatangelo, Meghan A. Balk, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Jessica Blois, Matt Davis, Jussi T. Eronen, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Cindy Looy, Joshua H. Miller, Alexandria B. Shupinski, Laura C. Soul, Amelia Villaseñor, Scott Wing, S. Kathleen Lyons
Body Mass-Related Changes In Mammal Community Assembly Patterns During The Late Quaternary Of North America, Silvia Pineda-Munoz, Advait M. Jukar, Anikó B. Tóth, Danielle Fraser, Andrew Du, W. Andrew Barr, Kathryn L. Amatangelo, Meghan A. Balk, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Jessica Blois, Matt Davis, Jussi T. Eronen, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Cindy Looy, Joshua H. Miller, Alexandria B. Shupinski, Laura C. Soul, Amelia Villaseñor, Scott Wing, S. Kathleen Lyons
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Ecography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Society Oikos The late Quaternary of North America was marked by prominent ecological changes, including the end-Pleistocene megafaunal extinction, the spread of human settlements and the rise of agriculture. Here we examine the mechanistic reasons for temporal changes in mammal species association and body size during this time period. Building upon the co-occurrence results from Lyons et al. (2016) – wherein each species pair was classified as spatially aggregated, segregated or random – we examined body mass differences (BMD) between each species pair for each association type and …
Land Use And Season Influence Event-Scale Nitrate And Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Exports And Export Stoichiometry From Headwater Catchments, Dustin W. Kincaid, Erin C. Seybold, E. Carol Adair, William B. Bowden, Julia N. Perdrial, Matthew C.H. Vaughan, Andrew W. Schroth
Land Use And Season Influence Event-Scale Nitrate And Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Exports And Export Stoichiometry From Headwater Catchments, Dustin W. Kincaid, Erin C. Seybold, E. Carol Adair, William B. Bowden, Julia N. Perdrial, Matthew C.H. Vaughan, Andrew W. Schroth
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Catchment nutrient export, especially during high flow events, can influence ecological processes in receiving waters by altering nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and relative amounts (stoichiometry). Event-scale N and P export dynamics may be significantly altered by land use/land cover (LULC) and season. Consequently, to manage water resources, it is important to understand how LULC and season interact to influence event N and P export. In situ, high-frequency spectrophotometers allowed us to continuously and concurrently monitor nitrate (NO3−) and soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations and therefore examine event-scale NO3− and SRP export dynamics. Here we analyzed event NO3− and …
!Cuba! River Water Chemistry Reveals Rapid Chemical Weathering, The Echo Of Uplift, And The Promise Of More Sustainable Agriculture, Paul Bierman, Rita Yvelice Sibello Hernández, Amanda H. Schmidt, Héctor Alejandro Cartas Aguila, Yoelvis Bolaños Alvarez, Aniel Guillén Arruebarrena, Mae Kate Campbell, David Dethier, Monica Dix, Marika Massey-Bierman, Alejandro García Moya, Julia Perdrial, Jason Racela, Carlos Alonso-Hernández
!Cuba! River Water Chemistry Reveals Rapid Chemical Weathering, The Echo Of Uplift, And The Promise Of More Sustainable Agriculture, Paul Bierman, Rita Yvelice Sibello Hernández, Amanda H. Schmidt, Héctor Alejandro Cartas Aguila, Yoelvis Bolaños Alvarez, Aniel Guillén Arruebarrena, Mae Kate Campbell, David Dethier, Monica Dix, Marika Massey-Bierman, Alejandro García Moya, Julia Perdrial, Jason Racela, Carlos Alonso-Hernández
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
For the first time in more than half a century, a joint Cuban/American science team has worked together to quantify the impacts of chemical weathering and sustainable agriculture on river water quality in Cuba - the largest and most populous Caribbean island. Such data are critical as the world strives to meet sustainable development goals and for understanding rates of landscape change in the tropics, an understudied region. To characterize the landscape, we collected and analyzed water samples from 25 rivers in central Cuba where upstream land use varies from forested to agricultural. Cuban river waters bear the fingerprint of …
Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas Have Higher Biodiversity Via Increased Evenness, Not Abundance, Shane A. Blowes, Jonathan M. Chase, Antonio Di Franco, Ori Frid, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Paolo Guidetti, Tiffany M. Knight, Felix May, Daniel J. Mcglinn, Fiorenza Micheli, Enric Sala, Jonathan Belmaker
Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas Have Higher Biodiversity Via Increased Evenness, Not Abundance, Shane A. Blowes, Jonathan M. Chase, Antonio Di Franco, Ori Frid, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Paolo Guidetti, Tiffany M. Knight, Felix May, Daniel J. Mcglinn, Fiorenza Micheli, Enric Sala, Jonathan Belmaker
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Journal of Applied Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society. Protected areas are central to biodiversity conservation. For marine fish, marine protected areas (MPAs) often harbour more individuals, especially of species targeted by fisheries. But precise pathways of biodiversity change remain unclear. For example, how local-scale responses combine to affect regional biodiversity, important for managing spatial networks of MPAs, is not well known. Protection potentially influences three components of fish assemblages that determine how species accumulate with sampling effort and spatial scale: the total number of individuals, the relative abundance of species and …
Temperature Controls Production But Hydrology Regulates Export Of Dissolved Organic Carbon At The Catchment Scale, Hang Wen, Julia Perdrial, Benjamin W. Abbott, Susana Bernal, Remi Dupas, Sarah E. Godsey, Adrian Harpold, Donna Rizzo, Kristen Underwood, Thomas Adler, Gary Sterle, Li Li
Temperature Controls Production But Hydrology Regulates Export Of Dissolved Organic Carbon At The Catchment Scale, Hang Wen, Julia Perdrial, Benjamin W. Abbott, Susana Bernal, Remi Dupas, Sarah E. Godsey, Adrian Harpold, Donna Rizzo, Kristen Underwood, Thomas Adler, Gary Sterle, Li Li
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Lateral carbon flux through river networks is an important and poorly understood component of the global carbon budget. This work investigates how temperature and hydrology control the production and export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory in Pennsylvania, USA. Using field measurements of daily stream discharge, evapotranspiration, and stream DOC concentration, we calibrated the catchment-scale biogeochemical reactive transport model BioRT-Flux-PIHM (Biogeochemical Reactive Transport-Flux-Penn State Integrated Hydrologic Model, BFP), which met the satisfactory standard of a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) value greater than 0.5. We used the calibrated model to estimate and compare the daily …
Editorial: Critical Zone (Cz) Export To Streams As Indicator For Cz Structure And Function, Julia Perdrial, Pamela L. Sullivan, Ashlee Dere, Nicole West
Editorial: Critical Zone (Cz) Export To Streams As Indicator For Cz Structure And Function, Julia Perdrial, Pamela L. Sullivan, Ashlee Dere, Nicole West
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Optimization Of Over-Summer Snow Storage At Midlatitudes And Low Elevation, Hannah S. Weiss, Paul R. Bierman, Yves Dubief, Scott D. Hamshaw
Optimization Of Over-Summer Snow Storage At Midlatitudes And Low Elevation, Hannah S. Weiss, Paul R. Bierman, Yves Dubief, Scott D. Hamshaw
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Climate change, including warmer winter temperatures, a shortened snowfall season, and more rain-on-snow events, threatens nordic skiing as a sport. In response, oversummer snow storage, attempted primarily using woodchips as a cover material, has been successfully employed as a climate change adaptation strategy by high-elevation and/or high-latitude ski centers in Europe and Canada. Such storage has never been attempted at a site that is both low elevation and midlatitude, and few studies have quantified storage losses repeatedly through the summer. Such data, along with tests of different cover strategies, are prerequisites to optimizing snow storage strategies. Here, we assess the …
The Northwestern Greenland Ice Sheet During The Early Pleistocene Was Similar To Today, Andrew J. Christ, Paul R. Bierman, Paul C. Knutz, Lee B. Corbett, Julie C. Fosdick, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Owen C. Cowling, Alan J. Hidy, Marc W. Caffee
The Northwestern Greenland Ice Sheet During The Early Pleistocene Was Similar To Today, Andrew J. Christ, Paul R. Bierman, Paul C. Knutz, Lee B. Corbett, Julie C. Fosdick, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Owen C. Cowling, Alan J. Hidy, Marc W. Caffee
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
The multi-million year history of the Greenland Ice Sheet remains poorly known. Ice-proximal glacial marine diamict provides a direct but discontinuous record of ice sheet behavior; it is underutilized as a climate archive. Here, we present a novel multiproxy analysis of an Early Pleistocene marine diamict from northwestern Greenland. Low cosmogenic nuclide concentrations indicate minimal near-surface exposure, similar to modern terrestrial sediment. Detrital apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe) ages all predate glaciation by >150 million years, suggesting the northwestern Greenland Ice Sheet had, by 1.9 Ma, not yet incised fjords of sufficient depth to excavate grains with young AHe ages. The diamict …
Water Quality Improvements Offset The Climatic Debt For Stream Macroinvertebrates Over Twenty Years, Ian P. Vaughan, Nicholas J. Gotelli
Water Quality Improvements Offset The Climatic Debt For Stream Macroinvertebrates Over Twenty Years, Ian P. Vaughan, Nicholas J. Gotelli
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Many species are accumulating climatic debt as they fail to keep pace with increasing global temperatures. In theory, concomitant decreases in other stressors (e.g. pollution, fragmentation) could offset some warming effects, paying climatic debt with accrued environmental credit. This process may be occurring in many western European rivers. We fit a Markov chain model to ~20,000 macroinvertebrate samples from England and Wales, and demonstrate that despite large temperature increases 1991–2011, macroinvertebrate communities remained close to their predicted equilibrium with environmental conditions. Using a novel analysis of multiple stressors, an accumulated climatic debt of 0.64 (±0.13 standard error) °C of warming …
Soil Aggregates As A Source Of Dissolved Organic Carbon To Streams: An Experimental Study On The Effect Of Solution Chemistry On Water Extractable Carbon, Malayika M. Cincotta, Julia N. Perdrial, Aaron Shavitz, Arianna Libenson, Maxwell Landsman-Gerjoi, Nicolas Perdrial, Jesse Armfield, Thomas Adler, James B. Shanley
Soil Aggregates As A Source Of Dissolved Organic Carbon To Streams: An Experimental Study On The Effect Of Solution Chemistry On Water Extractable Carbon, Malayika M. Cincotta, Julia N. Perdrial, Aaron Shavitz, Arianna Libenson, Maxwell Landsman-Gerjoi, Nicolas Perdrial, Jesse Armfield, Thomas Adler, James B. Shanley
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Over the past two decades, headwater streams of the northern hemisphere have shown increased amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), coinciding with decreased acid deposition. The exact nature of the mechanistic link between precipitation composition and stream water DOC is still widely debated in the literature. We hypothesize that soil aggregates are the main source of stream water DOC and that DOC release is greater in organic rich, riparian soils vs. hillslope soils. To test these hypotheses, we collected soils from two main landscape positions (hillslope and riparian zones) from the acid-impacted Sleepers River Research Watershed in northeastern Vermont. We …
Late Quaternary Tectonics, Incision, And Landscape Evolution Of The Calchaquí River Catchment, Eastern Cordillera, Nw Argentina, James A. Mccarthy, Lindsay M. Schoenbohm, Paul R. Bierman, Dylan Rood, Alan J. Hidy
Late Quaternary Tectonics, Incision, And Landscape Evolution Of The Calchaquí River Catchment, Eastern Cordillera, Nw Argentina, James A. Mccarthy, Lindsay M. Schoenbohm, Paul R. Bierman, Dylan Rood, Alan J. Hidy
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Unraveling the relative impacts of climate, tectonics, and lithology on landscape evolution is complicated by the temporal and spatial scale over which observations are made. We use soil and desert pavement classification, longitudinal river profiles, 10Be-derived catchment mean modern and paleo-erosion rates, and vertical incision rates to test whether, if we restrict our analyses to a spatial scale over which climate is relatively invariant, tectonic and lithologic factors will dominate the late Quaternary landscape evolution of the Calchaquí River Catchment, NW Argentina. We find that the spatial distribution of erosion rates, normalized channel steepness indices, and concavity indices reflect active …
Optimizing Wetland Restoration To Improve Water Quality At A Regional Scale, Nitin K. Singh, Jesse D. Gourevitch, Beverley C. Wemple, Keri B. Watson, Donna M. Rizzo, Stephen Polasky, Taylor H. Ricketts
Optimizing Wetland Restoration To Improve Water Quality At A Regional Scale, Nitin K. Singh, Jesse D. Gourevitch, Beverley C. Wemple, Keri B. Watson, Donna M. Rizzo, Stephen Polasky, Taylor H. Ricketts
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. Excessive phosphorus (P) export to aquatic ecosystems can lead to impaired water quality. There is a growing interest among watershed managers in using restored wetlands to retain P from agricultural landscapes and improve water quality. We develop a novel framework for prioritizing wetland restoration at a regional scale. The framework uses an ecosystem service model and an optimization algorithm that maximizes P reduction for given levels of restoration cost. Applying our framework in the Lake Champlain Basin, we find that wetland restoration can reduce P export by 2.6% for a budget of $50 M and …
Ecological Drift And Competitive Interactions Predict Unique Patterns In Temporal Fluctuations Of Population Size, Werner Ulrich, Radosław Puchałka, Marcin Koprowski, Giovanni Strona, Nicholas J. Gotelli
Ecological Drift And Competitive Interactions Predict Unique Patterns In Temporal Fluctuations Of Population Size, Werner Ulrich, Radosław Puchałka, Marcin Koprowski, Giovanni Strona, Nicholas J. Gotelli
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of higher-order competitive interactions in stabilizing population dynamics in multi-species communities. But how does the structure of competitive hierarchies affect population dynamics and extinction processes? We tackled this important question by using spatially explicit simulations of ecological drift (10 species in a homogeneous landscape of 64 patches) in which birth rates were influenced by interspecific competition. Specifically, we examined how transitive (linear pecking orders) and intransitive (pecking orders with loops) competitive hierarchies affected extinction rates and population dynamics in simulated communities through time. In comparison to a pure neutral model, an ecological drift model …
Pace And Process Of Active Folding And Fluvial Incision Across The Kantishna Hills Anticline, Central Alaska, A. M. Bender, R. O. Lease, P. J. Haeussler, T. Rittenour, L. B. Corbett, P. R. Bierman, M. W. Caffee
Pace And Process Of Active Folding And Fluvial Incision Across The Kantishna Hills Anticline, Central Alaska, A. M. Bender, R. O. Lease, P. J. Haeussler, T. Rittenour, L. B. Corbett, P. R. Bierman, M. W. Caffee
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Rates of northern Alaska Range thrust system deformation are poorly constrained. Shortening at the system's west end is focused on the Kantishna Hills anticline. Where the McKinley River cuts across the anticline, the landscape records both Late Pleistocene deformation and climatic change. New optically stimulated luminescence and cosmogenic 10Be depth profile dates of three McKinley River terrace levels (~22, ~18, and ~14–9 ka) match independently determined ages of local glacial maxima, consistent with climate-driven terrace formation. Terrace ages quantify rates of differential bedrock incision, uplift, and shortening based on fault depth inferred from microseismicity. Differential rock uplift and incision (≤1.4 …
Deliberation And The Promise Of A Deeply Democratic Sustainability Transition, Michael B. Wironen, Robert V. Bartlett, Jon D. Erickson
Deliberation And The Promise Of A Deeply Democratic Sustainability Transition, Michael B. Wironen, Robert V. Bartlett, Jon D. Erickson
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Ecological economics arose as a normative transdiscipline aiming to generate knowledge and tools to help transition the economy toward a scale which is sustainable within the bounds of the earth system. Yet it remains unclear in practice how to legitimize its explicitly normative agenda. One potential means for legitimation can be found in deliberative social and political theory. We review how deliberative theory has informed ecological economics, pointing to three uses: first, to support valuation of non-market goods and services; second, to inform environmental decision-making more broadly; third, to ground alternative theories of development and wellbeing. We argue that deliberation …
Does Stream Water Composition At Sleepers River In Vermont Reflect Dynamic Changes In Soils During Recovery From Acidification?, Jesse R. Armfield, Julia N. Perdrial, Alex Gagnon, Jack Ehrenkranz, Nicolas Perdrial, Malayika Cincotta, Donald Ross, James B. Shanley, Kristen L. Underwood, Peter Ryan
Does Stream Water Composition At Sleepers River In Vermont Reflect Dynamic Changes In Soils During Recovery From Acidification?, Jesse R. Armfield, Julia N. Perdrial, Alex Gagnon, Jack Ehrenkranz, Nicolas Perdrial, Malayika Cincotta, Donald Ross, James B. Shanley, Kristen L. Underwood, Peter Ryan
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Stream water pH and composition are widely used to monitor ongoing recovery from the deposition of strong anthropogenic acids in many forested headwater catchments in the northeastern United States. However, stream water composition is a function of highly complex and coupled processes, flowpaths, and variations in soil and bedrock composition. Spatial heterogeneity is especially pronounced in headwater catchments with steep topography, potentially limiting stream water composition as an indicator of changes in critical zone (CZ) dynamics during system recovery. To investigate the link between catchment characteristics, landscape position, and stream water composition we used long-term data (1991–2015) from the Sleepers …
Human And Natural Controls On Erosion In The Lower Jinsha River, China, Amanda H. Schmidt, Alison R. Denn, Alan J. Hidy, Paul R. Bierman, Ya Tang
Human And Natural Controls On Erosion In The Lower Jinsha River, China, Amanda H. Schmidt, Alison R. Denn, Alan J. Hidy, Paul R. Bierman, Ya Tang
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
The lower Jinsha River has the highest sediment yield rates of the entire Yangtze watershed; these high yields have previously been attributed to a mix of the local geologic setting as well as intensive human land use, particularly agriculture. Prior studies have not quantified long-term background rates of sediment generation, making it difficult to know if modern sediment yield is elevated relative to the long-term rate of sediment generation. Using in situ 10Be in detrital river sediments, we measured sediment generation rates for tributaries to the lower Jinsha River. We find that the ratio of modern sediment yield to long-term …
Measurement Of Biodiversity (Mob): A Method To Separate The Scale-Dependent Effects Of Species Abundance Distribution, Density, And Aggregation On Diversity Change, Daniel J. Mcglinn, Xiao Xiao, Felix May, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Thore Engel, Shane A. Blowes, Tiffany M. Knight, Oliver Purschke, Jonathan M. Chase, Brian J. Mcgill
Measurement Of Biodiversity (Mob): A Method To Separate The Scale-Dependent Effects Of Species Abundance Distribution, Density, And Aggregation On Diversity Change, Daniel J. Mcglinn, Xiao Xiao, Felix May, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Thore Engel, Shane A. Blowes, Tiffany M. Knight, Oliver Purschke, Jonathan M. Chase, Brian J. Mcgill
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Little consensus has emerged regarding how proximate and ultimate drivers such as productivity, disturbance and temperature may affect species richness and other aspects of biodiversity. Part of the confusion is that most studies examine species richness at a single spatial scale and ignore how the underlying components of species richness can vary with spatial scale. We provide an approach for the measurement of biodiversity that decomposes changes in species rarefaction curves into proximate components attributed to: (a) the species abundance distribution, (b) density of individuals and (c) the spatial arrangement of individuals. We decompose species richness by comparing spatial and …
Modeling Streamflow Response To Persistent Drought In A Coastal Tropical Mountainous Watershed, Sierra Nevada De Santa Marta, Colombia, Natalia Hoyos, Alexander Correa-Metrio, Steven M. Jepsen, Beverley Wemple, Santiago Valencia, Matthew Marsik, Rubén Doria
Modeling Streamflow Response To Persistent Drought In A Coastal Tropical Mountainous Watershed, Sierra Nevada De Santa Marta, Colombia, Natalia Hoyos, Alexander Correa-Metrio, Steven M. Jepsen, Beverley Wemple, Santiago Valencia, Matthew Marsik, Rubén Doria
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Droughts constitute natural hazards that affect water supply for ecosystems and human livelihoods. In 2013-2016, the Caribbean experienced the worst drought since the 1950s, and climate projections for the southern Caribbean predict less rainfall by the end of the 21st century. We assessed streamflow response to drought for a watershed in the Colombian Caribbean by analyzing the effects of drought length and land cover on streamflow recovery. We generated a calibrated SWAT model and created annual and monthly drought scenarios from rainfall records. We used our model to predict water yield for selected land covers (wet forest, shade coffee, shrub, …
Estimation Of The Water Balance Of For A Small Tropical Andean Catchment, Paola Duque-Sarango, Ronald Cajamarca-Rivadeneira, Beverley C. Wemple, Manuel E. Delgado-Fernández
Estimation Of The Water Balance Of For A Small Tropical Andean Catchment, Paola Duque-Sarango, Ronald Cajamarca-Rivadeneira, Beverley C. Wemple, Manuel E. Delgado-Fernández
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
The present study seeks to estimate the water balance for a tropical catchment in the Andes of Ecuador. Temporal variation in precipitation and temperature of the Chaquilcay microcatchment were studied; it is a natural ecosystem situated in the Aguarongo Protected Forest in Gualaceo, Ecuador. Four meteorological stations of the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (INAMHI-Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología) were studied for 33 years (1982-2015), in order to quantify the contributions and losses of water, and statistical analyzes of the time series. To fill and validate the series of precipitation and temperature, a double mass analysis was used …
Impact Of An Extreme Storm Event On River Corridor Bank Erosion And Phosphorus Mobilization In A Mountainous Watershed In The Northeastern United States, Donald S. Ross, Beverley C. Wemple, Lindsay J. Willson, Courtney M. Balling, Kristen L. Underwood, Scott D. Hamshaw
Impact Of An Extreme Storm Event On River Corridor Bank Erosion And Phosphorus Mobilization In A Mountainous Watershed In The Northeastern United States, Donald S. Ross, Beverley C. Wemple, Lindsay J. Willson, Courtney M. Balling, Kristen L. Underwood, Scott D. Hamshaw
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Movement of sediment, and associated phosphorus, from stream banks to freshwater lakes is predicted to increase with greater frequency of extreme precipitation events. This higher phosphorus load may accelerate harmful algal blooms in affected water bodies, such as Lake Champlain in Vermont, New York, and Québec. In the Mad River, a subwatershed in central Vermont's Lake Champlain Basin, extreme flooding from Tropical Storm Irene in 2011 caused extensive erosion. We measured stream channel change along the main stem between 2008 and 2011 by digitizing available prestorm and poststorm aerial imagery. Soils were sampled post Irene at six active stream erosion …
From The Anthropocene To Mutual Thriving: An Agenda For Higher Education In The Ecozoic, Ivan Vargas Roncancio, Leah Temper, Joshua Sterlin, Nina L. Smolyar, Shaun Sellers, Maya Moore, Rigo Melgar-Melgar
From The Anthropocene To Mutual Thriving: An Agenda For Higher Education In The Ecozoic, Ivan Vargas Roncancio, Leah Temper, Joshua Sterlin, Nina L. Smolyar, Shaun Sellers, Maya Moore, Rigo Melgar-Melgar
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Higher education in the global North, and exported elsewhere, is complicit in driving the planet's socio-ecological crises by teaching how to most effectively marginalize and plunder Earth and human communities. As students and activists within the academic system, we take a firm stand to arrest this cycle, and to redirect education toward teaching how to create conditions for all life to thrive. In this paper, we articulate a research and education agenda for co-constructing knowledge and wisdom, and propose shifts in the 'ologies from the current, destructive modes to intended regenerative counterparts. We offer to shift from an ontology of …
Structural Versatility Of The Quasi-Aromatic Möbius Type Zinc(Ii)-Pseudohalide Complexes-Experimental And Theoretical Investigations, Mariusz P. Mitoraj, Farhad Akbari Afkhami, Ghodrat Mahmoudi, Ali Akbar Khandar, Atash V. Gurbanov, Fedor I. Zubkov, Rory Waterman
Structural Versatility Of The Quasi-Aromatic Möbius Type Zinc(Ii)-Pseudohalide Complexes-Experimental And Theoretical Investigations, Mariusz P. Mitoraj, Farhad Akbari Afkhami, Ghodrat Mahmoudi, Ali Akbar Khandar, Atash V. Gurbanov, Fedor I. Zubkov, Rory Waterman
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
In this contribution we report for the first time fabrication, isolation, structural and theoretical characterization of the quasi-aromatic Möbius complexes [Zn(NCS)2LI] (1), [Zn2(μ1,1-N3)2(LI)2][ZnCl3(MeOH)]2·6MeOH (2) and [Zn(NCS)LII]2[Zn(NCS)4]·MeOH (3), constructed from 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis((phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)hydrazono)ethane (LI) or benzilbis(acetylpyridin-2-yl)methylidenehydrazone (LII), respectively, and ZnCl2 mixed with NH4NCS or NaN3. Structures 1-3 are dictated by both the bulkiness of the organic ligand and the nature of the inorganic counter ion. As evidenced from single crystal X-ray diffraction data species 1 has a neutral discrete heteroleptic mononuclear structure, whereas, complexes 2 and 3 exhibit a salt-like structure. Each structure contains a ZnII atom chelated by one tetradentate twisted ligand …
Draft Aphaenogaster Genomes Expand Our View Of Ant Genome Size Variation Across Climate Gradients, Matthew K. Lau, Aaron M. Ellison, Andrew Nguyen, Clint Penick, Bernice Demarco, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Nathan J. Sanders, Robert R. Dunn, Sara Helms Cahan
Draft Aphaenogaster Genomes Expand Our View Of Ant Genome Size Variation Across Climate Gradients, Matthew K. Lau, Aaron M. Ellison, Andrew Nguyen, Clint Penick, Bernice Demarco, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Nathan J. Sanders, Robert R. Dunn, Sara Helms Cahan
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Given the abundance, broad distribution, and diversity of roles that ants play in many ecosystems, they are an ideal group to serve as ecosystem indicators of climatic change. At present, only a few whole-genome sequences of ants are available (19 of >16,000 species), mostly from tropical and sub-tropical species. To address this limited sampling, we sequenced genomes of temperate-latitude species from the genus Aphaenogaster, a genus with important seed dispersers. In total, we sampled seven colonies of six species: Aphaenogaster ashmeadi, Aphaenogaster floridana, Aphaenogaster fulva, Aphaenogaster miamiana, Aphaenogaster picea, and Aphaenogaster rudis. The geographic ranges of these species collectively span …
Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity Of Water Flowpaths Controls Dissolved Organic Carbon Sourcing In A Snow-Dominated, Headwater Catchment, Anna G. Radke, Sarah E. Godsey, Kathleen A. Lohse, Emma P. Mccorkle, Julia Perdrial, Mark S. Seyfried, W. Steven Holbrook
Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity Of Water Flowpaths Controls Dissolved Organic Carbon Sourcing In A Snow-Dominated, Headwater Catchment, Anna G. Radke, Sarah E. Godsey, Kathleen A. Lohse, Emma P. Mccorkle, Julia Perdrial, Mark S. Seyfried, W. Steven Holbrook
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
The non-uniform distribution of water in snowdrift-driven systems can lead to spatial heterogeneity in vegetative communities and soil development, as snowdrifts may locally increase weathering. The focus of this study is to understand the coupled hydrological and biogeochemical dynamics in a heterogeneous, snowdrift-dominated headwater catchment (Reynolds Mountain East, Reynolds Creek Critical Zone Observatory, Idaho, USA). We determine the sources and fluxes of stream water and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at this site, deducing likely flowpaths from hydrometric and hydrochemical signals of soil water, saprolite water, and groundwater measured through the snowmelt period and summer recession. We then interpret flowpaths using …
Stratigraphic Control Of Landscape Response To Base-Level Fall, Young Womans Creek, Pennsylvania, Usa, Roman A. Dibiase, Alison R. Denn, Paul R. Bierman, Eric Kirby, Nicole West, Alan J. Hidy
Stratigraphic Control Of Landscape Response To Base-Level Fall, Young Womans Creek, Pennsylvania, Usa, Roman A. Dibiase, Alison R. Denn, Paul R. Bierman, Eric Kirby, Nicole West, Alan J. Hidy
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
Landscapes are thought to respond to changes in relative base level through the upstream propagation of a boundary that delineates relict from adjusting topography. However, spatially-variable rock strength can influence the topographic expression of such transient landscapes, especially in layered rocks, where strength variations can mask topographic signals expected due to changes in climate or tectonics. Here, we analyze the landscape response to base-level fall in Young Womans Creek, a 220 km2 catchment on the Appalachian Plateau, USA underlain by gently folded Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. We measured in situ 10Be concentrations in stream sands from 17 nested watersheds, and used …
Similarity Of Introduced Plant Species To Native Ones Facilitates Naturalization, But Differences Enhance Invasion Success, Jan Divíšek, Milan Chytrý, Brian Beckage, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Zdeňka Lososová, Petr Pyšek, David M. Richardson, Jane Molofsky
Similarity Of Introduced Plant Species To Native Ones Facilitates Naturalization, But Differences Enhance Invasion Success, Jan Divíšek, Milan Chytrý, Brian Beckage, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Zdeňka Lososová, Petr Pyšek, David M. Richardson, Jane Molofsky
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
The search for traits associated with plant invasiveness has yielded contradictory results, in part because most previous studies have failed to recognize that different traits are important at different stages along the introduction–naturalization–invasion continuum. Here we show that across six different habitat types in temperate Central Europe, naturalized non-invasive species are functionally similar to native species occurring in the same habitat type, but invasive species are different as they occupy the edge of the plant functional trait space represented in each habitat. This pattern was driven mainly by the greater average height of invasive species. These results suggest that the …
Socioeconomic And Environmental Proxies For Comparing Freshwater Ecosystem Service Threats Across International Sites: A Diagnostic Approach, Thomas C. Harmon, Robyn L. Smyth, Sudeep Chandra, Daniel Conde, Ramesh Dhungel, Jaime Escobar, Natalia Hoyos
Socioeconomic And Environmental Proxies For Comparing Freshwater Ecosystem Service Threats Across International Sites: A Diagnostic Approach, Thomas C. Harmon, Robyn L. Smyth, Sudeep Chandra, Daniel Conde, Ramesh Dhungel, Jaime Escobar, Natalia Hoyos
College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications
In this work, we develop and test proxy-based diagnostic tools for comparing freshwater ecosystem services (FWES) risks across an international array of freshwater ecosystems. FWES threats are increasing rapidly under pressure from population, climate change, pollution, land use change, and other factors. We identified spatially explicit FWES threats estimates (referred to as threat benchmarks) and extracted watershed-specific values for an array of aquatic ecosystems in the Western Hemisphere (Ramsar sites). We compared these benchmark values to values extracted for sites associated with an international FWES threat investigation. The resulting benchmark threats appeared to provide a meaningful context for the diagnostic …