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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Will Reducing Drug Prices Slow Innovation?, Gregory Vaughan, Fred Ledley
Will Reducing Drug Prices Slow Innovation?, Gregory Vaughan, Fred Ledley
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
The pharmaceutical industry has long argued that high drug prices reflect the high cost of innovation and that reducing drug prices would necessarily slow the pipeline of new drugs. These arguments have been bolstered by studies of large pharmaceutical companies showing statistical associations between the projected market size or revenue for pharmaceutical products and research & development (R&D) activity. Our analysis recognizes the increasingly important role of small biopharmaceuticals in drug development , companies that typically have little revenue and negative earnings, but are now responsible for more than 40% of new drug approvals. We examine the relationship between changes …
Obtaining Estimators From Correlation Coefficients: The Correlation Estimation System And R, Rudy Gideon
Obtaining Estimators From Correlation Coefficients: The Correlation Estimation System And R, Rudy Gideon
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
Correlation coefficients are generally viewed as summaries, causing them to be underutilized. Creating functions from them leads to their use in diverse areas of statistics. Because there are many correlation coefficients (see, for example, Gideon (2007)) this extension makes possible a very broad range of statistical estimators that rivals least squares. The whole area could be called a "Correlation Estimation System." This paper outlines some of the numerous possibilities for using the system and gives some illustrative examples. Detailed explanations are developed in earlier papers. The formulae to make possible both the estimation and some of the computer coding to …
Location And Scale Estimation With Correlation Coefficients, Rudy Gideon, Adele Marie Rothan
Location And Scale Estimation With Correlation Coefficients, Rudy Gideon, Adele Marie Rothan
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
This article shows how to use any correlation coefficient to produce an estimate of location and scale. It is part of a broader system, called a correlation estimation system (CES), that uses correlation coefficients as the starting point for estimations. The method is illustrated using the well-known normal distribution. This article shows that any correlation coefficient can be used to fit a simple linear regression line to bivariate data and then the slope and intercept are estimates of standard deviation and location. Because a robust correlation will produce robust estimates, this CES can be recommended as a tool for everyday …
Using Correlation Coefficients To Estimate Slopes In Multiple Linear Regression, Rudy Gideon
Using Correlation Coefficients To Estimate Slopes In Multiple Linear Regression, Rudy Gideon
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
This short note takes correlation coefficients as the starting point to obtain inferential results in linear regression. Under certain conditions, the population correlation coefficient and the sampling correlation coefficient can be related via a Taylor series expansion to allow inference on the coefficients in simple and multiple regression. This general method includes nonparametric correlation coefficients and so gives a universal way to develop regression methods. This work is part of a correlation estimation system that uses correlation coefficients to perform estimation in many settings, for example, time series, nonlinear and generalized linear models, and individual distributions.
Students' Perceptions Of Sense Of Community In Abstract Algebra: Contributing Factors And Benefits, Hortensia Soto-Johnson, Nissa Yestness, Casey Dalton
Students' Perceptions Of Sense Of Community In Abstract Algebra: Contributing Factors And Benefits, Hortensia Soto-Johnson, Nissa Yestness, Casey Dalton
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
In this phenomenological study, we explore how multiple assessments contribute to creating a sense of community (SOC) in an undergraduate abstract algebra course. Strike (2004) describes community as a process rather than a feeling and outlines four characteristics of community: coherence, cohesion, care, and contact. In this report, we describe contributing factors to and perceived benefits of SOC that students provided in an open-ended interview. Our findings indicate students viewed the teacher and the classroom environment as the primary sources of creating a SOC. Our findings also suggest students believed the SOC of the classroom increased classroom interaction and opened …
The Correlation Coefficients, Rudy Gideon
The Correlation Coefficients, Rudy Gideon
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
A generalized method of defining and interpreting correlation coefficients is given. Seven correlation coefficients are defined — three for continuous data and four on the ranks of the data. A quick calculation of the rank based correlation coefficients using a 0-1 graph-matrix is shown. Examples and comparisons are given.
A Rank Correlation Coefficient Resistant To Outliers, Rudy Gideon, Robert Ashley Hollister
A Rank Correlation Coefficient Resistant To Outliers, Rudy Gideon, Robert Ashley Hollister
Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications
In this article, a nonparametric correlation coefficient is defined that is based on the principle of maximum deviations. This new correlation coefficient, RgB is easy to compute by hand for small to medium sample sizes. In comparing it with existing correlation coefficients, it was found to be superior in a sampling situation that we call "biased outliers," and hence appears to be more resistant to outliers than the Pearson, Spear- man, and Kendall correlation coefficients. In a correlational study not included in this article of some social data consisting of five variables for each of 51 observations, Rg was compared …