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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Spectroscopic Characterization, Dft Calculations, In Vitro Pharmacological Potentials, And Molecular Docking Studies Of N, N, O-Schiff Base And Its Trivalent Metal Complexes, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Adebayo A. Adeniyi, Mohammad Azam, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, Hadley S. Clayton
Spectroscopic Characterization, Dft Calculations, In Vitro Pharmacological Potentials, And Molecular Docking Studies Of N, N, O-Schiff Base And Its Trivalent Metal Complexes, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Adebayo A. Adeniyi, Mohammad Azam, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, Hadley S. Clayton
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
In this study, trivalent metal complexes of the category: [M(L)(H2O)nCly] obtained from the interaction of metal3+ ion salts with organic N, N, O-Schiff base (HL) (where: HL = 4-{(Z)-((2-{(E)-((2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene)amino}ethyl)imino)methyl}-2-methoxyphenol; n, y = 1 or 2 and M = Ti(III), Fe(III), Ru(III), Cr(III) and Al(III)) were synthesized and characterized viz molar conductance, FT-IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopies, elemental analyses, thermal analyses (TGA and DTA), and UV–Vis spectroscopy, theoretical calculations. A distorted octahedral structure around the metal ions was proposed based on the obtained experimental and calculated data. Thermal examination of the complexes signposts the step-by-step disintegration to give the final decomposition product …
Induction Of Neuroinflammation And Brain Oxidative Stress By Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles From Hypertensive Rats, Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Leah Gingerich, Qing Hui Chen, Lanrong Bi, Zhiying Shan
Induction Of Neuroinflammation And Brain Oxidative Stress By Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles From Hypertensive Rats, Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Leah Gingerich, Qing Hui Chen, Lanrong Bi, Zhiying Shan
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress are recognized as significant contributors to hypertension including salt sensitive hypertension. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in intercellular communication in various situations, including physiological and pathological ones. Based on this evidence, we hypothesized that EVs derived from the brains of hypertensive rats with salt sensitivity could trigger neuroinflammation and oxidative stress during hypertension development. To test this hypothesis, we compared the impact of EVs isolated from the brains of hypertensive Dahl Salt-Sensitive rats (DSS) and normotensive Sprague Dawley (SD) rats on inflammatory factors and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production in primary neuronal …
Unusual Catalytic Strategy By Non-Heme Fe(Ii)/2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Aspartyl Hydroxylase Asph, Anandhu Krishnan, Sodiq Waheed, Ann Varghese, Fathima Hameed Cherilakkudy, Christopher J. Schofield, Tatyana G. Karabencheva-Christova
Unusual Catalytic Strategy By Non-Heme Fe(Ii)/2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Aspartyl Hydroxylase Asph, Anandhu Krishnan, Sodiq Waheed, Ann Varghese, Fathima Hameed Cherilakkudy, Christopher J. Schofield, Tatyana G. Karabencheva-Christova
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Biocatalytic C-H oxidation reactions are of important synthetic utility, provide a sustainable route for selective synthesis of important organic molecules, and are an integral part of fundamental cell processes. The multidomain non-heme Fe(ii)/2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenase AspH catalyzes stereoselective (3R)-hydroxylation of aspartyl- and asparaginyl-residues. Unusually, compared to other 2OG hydroxylases, crystallography has shown that AspH lacks the carboxylate residue of the characteristic two-His-one-Asp/Glu Fe-binding triad. Instead, AspH has a water molecule that coordinates Fe(ii) in the coordination position usually occupied by the Asp/Glu carboxylate. Molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) studies reveal that the iron coordinating water is …
Innovative Cyanine-Based Fluorescent Dye For Targeted Mitochondrial Imaging And Its Utility In Whole-Brain Visualization, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi
Innovative Cyanine-Based Fluorescent Dye For Targeted Mitochondrial Imaging And Its Utility In Whole-Brain Visualization, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Conducting in vivo brain imaging can be a challenging task due to the complexity of brain tissue and the strict requirements for safe and effective imaging agents. However, a new fluorescent dye called Cy5-PEG2 has been developed that selectively accumulates in mitochondria, enabling the visualization of these essential organelles in various cell lines. This dye is versatile and can be used for the real-time monitoring of mitochondrial dynamics in living cells. Moreover, it can cross the blood-brain barrier, making it a promising tool for noninvasive in vivo brain imaging. Based on the assessment of glial cell responses in the hippocampus …
Long Oligodeoxynucleotides: Chemical Synthesis, Isolation Via Catching-By-Polymerization, Verification Via Sequencing, And Gene Expression Demonstration, Yipeng Yin, Reed Arneson, Alexander Apostle, Adikari M.D.N. Eriyagama, Komal Chillar, Emily Burke, Martina Jahfetson, Yinan Yuan, Shiyue Fang
Long Oligodeoxynucleotides: Chemical Synthesis, Isolation Via Catching-By-Polymerization, Verification Via Sequencing, And Gene Expression Demonstration, Yipeng Yin, Reed Arneson, Alexander Apostle, Adikari M.D.N. Eriyagama, Komal Chillar, Emily Burke, Martina Jahfetson, Yinan Yuan, Shiyue Fang
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Long oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are segments of DNAs having over one hundred nucleotides (nt). They are typically assembled using enzymatic methods such as PCR and ligation from shorter 20 to 60 nt ODNs produced by automated de novo chemical synthesis. While these methods have made many projects in areas such as synthetic biology and protein engineering possible, they have various drawbacks. For example, they cannot produce genes and genomes with long repeats and have difficulty to produce sequences containing stable secondary structures. Here, we report a direct de novo chemical synthesis of 400 nt ODNs, and their isolation from the complex …
Engineering Exosomes To Specifically Target The Mitochondria Of Brain Cells, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi
Engineering Exosomes To Specifically Target The Mitochondria Of Brain Cells, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various health conditions, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial-targeting therapy aims to restore or enhance mitochondrial function to treat or alleviate these conditions. Exosomes, small vesicles that cells secrete, containing a variety of biomolecules, are critical in cell-to-cell communication and have been studied as potential therapeutic agents. Exosome-based therapy has the potential to treat both cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Combining these two approaches involves using exosomes as carriers to transport mitochondrial-targeting agents to dysfunctional or damaged mitochondria within target cells. This article presents a new technique for engineering brain-derived exosomes that target mitochondria and has …
Engineering Exosomes To Specifically Target The Mitochondria Of Brain Cells, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi
Engineering Exosomes To Specifically Target The Mitochondria Of Brain Cells, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various health conditions, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial-targeting therapy aims to restore or enhance mitochondrial function to treat or alleviate these conditions. Exosomes, small vesicles that cells secrete, containing a variety of biomolecules, are critical in cell-to-cell communication and have been studied as potential therapeutic agents. Exosome-based therapy has the potential to treat both cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Combining these two approaches involves using exosomes as carriers to transport mitochondrial-targeting agents to dysfunctional or damaged mitochondria within target cells. This article presents a new technique for engineering brain-derived exosomes that target mitochondria and has …
Molecular And Physical Composition Of Tar Balls In Wildfire Smoke: An Investigation With Complementary Ionisation Methods And 15-Tesla Ft-Icr Mass Spectrometry, Amna Ijaz, William Kew, Zezhen Cheng, Susan Mathai, Nurun Nahar Lata, Libor Kovarik, Simeon Schum, Swarup China, Lynn Mazzoleni
Molecular And Physical Composition Of Tar Balls In Wildfire Smoke: An Investigation With Complementary Ionisation Methods And 15-Tesla Ft-Icr Mass Spectrometry, Amna Ijaz, William Kew, Zezhen Cheng, Susan Mathai, Nurun Nahar Lata, Libor Kovarik, Simeon Schum, Swarup China, Lynn Mazzoleni
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Tar balls (TBs) are a major carbonaceous product of wildfires and other biomass-burning events that often exceed soot or other elemental forms of carbon in number and mass. Being a recalcitrant fraction of organic carbon, TBs are capable of long-range atmospheric transport, and thus, exert influence not only in the vicinity of wildfires but also in remote regions. Here, we characterised ambient atmospheric aerosol samples with varying TB number fractions collected downwind of Pacific Northwest wildfires using a 15-Tesla Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (15-T FT-ICR MS). Relative to non-TB aerosol, we found 2006 and 851 molecular formulae exclusively …
From Random To Rational: Improving Enzyme Design Through Electric Fields, Second Coordination Sphere Interactions, And Conformational Dynamics, Shobhit S. Chaturvedi, Daniel Bím, Christo Christov, Anastassia N. Alexandrova
From Random To Rational: Improving Enzyme Design Through Electric Fields, Second Coordination Sphere Interactions, And Conformational Dynamics, Shobhit S. Chaturvedi, Daniel Bím, Christo Christov, Anastassia N. Alexandrova
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Enzymes are versatile and efficient biological catalysts that drive numerous cellular processes, motivating the development of enzyme design approaches to tailor catalysts for diverse applications. In this perspective, we investigate the unique properties of natural, evolved, and designed enzymes, recognizing their strengths and shortcomings. We highlight the challenges and limitations of current enzyme design protocols, with a particular focus on their limited consideration of long-range electrostatic and dynamic effects. We then delve deeper into the impact of the protein environment on enzyme catalysis and explore the roles of preorganized electric fields, second coordination sphere interactions, and protein dynamics for enzyme …
Biological Formation Of Ethylene, Robert P. Hausinger, Simahudeen Bathir Jaber Sathik Rifayee, Midhun George Thomas, Shramana Chatterjee, Jian Hu, Christo Christov
Biological Formation Of Ethylene, Robert P. Hausinger, Simahudeen Bathir Jaber Sathik Rifayee, Midhun George Thomas, Shramana Chatterjee, Jian Hu, Christo Christov
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
This review summarizes the structures, biochemical properties, and mechanisms of two major biological sources of ethylene, the ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACCO). EFE is found in selected bacteria and fungi where it catalyzes two reactions: (1) the oxygen-dependent conversion of 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) to ethylene plus three molecules of CO2/bicarbonate and (2) the oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG while transforming l-arginine to guanidine and l-Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid. ACCO is present in plants where it makes the plant hormone by transforming ACC, O2, and an external reductant to ethylene, HCN, CO2, and water. Despite catalyzing distinct chemical reactions, EFE and …
The Fierce Urgency Of Now: Integrating The Youth Voice At Cop, Gillian Bowser, Pamela H. Templer, Susie S. Ho, Sarah A. Green, Sarah Hautzinger, Isabelle Zhu-Maguire, Alyssa Connaughton, Leah Dundon, Diane Husic, Mark Urban
The Fierce Urgency Of Now: Integrating The Youth Voice At Cop, Gillian Bowser, Pamela H. Templer, Susie S. Ho, Sarah A. Green, Sarah Hautzinger, Isabelle Zhu-Maguire, Alyssa Connaughton, Leah Dundon, Diane Husic, Mark Urban
Michigan Tech Publications
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Humic/Melanin-Like Compounds By Oxidative Polymerization Of Simple Aromatic Precursors, Nastaran Khademimoshgenani, Sarah A. Green
Synthesis And Characterization Of Humic/Melanin-Like Compounds By Oxidative Polymerization Of Simple Aromatic Precursors, Nastaran Khademimoshgenani, Sarah A. Green
Michigan Tech Publications
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of naturally occurring organic molecules originating from multiple marine and terrestrial sources. DOM plays a significant role in water quality by affecting the photochemistry, trace metal transport, and acidity in aquatic systems. Understanding the chemical composition of DOM helps interpret the links between its optical properties and molecular structures. Currently, the molecular origins of the optical properties of DOM are not well-defined. In this study, we oxidize and initiate the polymerization of melanin precursors 1,8-dihydroxy naphthalene and 5,6-dihydroxy indole by the addition of hydrogen peroxide and/or with ultraviolet irradiation. Our goal is …
Selectively Modified Lactose And N-Acetyllactosamine Analogs At Three Key Positions To Afford Effective Galectin-3 Ligands †, Shuay Abdullayev, Priyanka Dipak Kadav, Purnima Bandyopadhyay, Francisco Javier Medrano, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, Tarun K. Dam, Antonio Romero, René Roy
Selectively Modified Lactose And N-Acetyllactosamine Analogs At Three Key Positions To Afford Effective Galectin-3 Ligands †, Shuay Abdullayev, Priyanka Dipak Kadav, Purnima Bandyopadhyay, Francisco Javier Medrano, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, Tarun K. Dam, Antonio Romero, René Roy
Michigan Tech Publications
Galectins constitute a family of galactose-binding lectins overly expressed in the tumor microenvironment as well as in innate and adaptive immune cells, in inflammatory diseases. Lactose ((β-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose, Lac) and N-Acetyllactosamine (2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, LacNAc) have been widely exploited as ligands for a wide range of galectins, sometimes with modest selectivity. Even though several chemical modifications at single positions of the sugar rings have been applied to these ligands, very few examples combined the simultaneous modifications at key positions known to increase both affinity and selectivity. We report herein combined modifications at the anomeric position, C-2, and O-3′ of each of the two …
Late-Stage Functionalization Through Click Chemistry Provides Glut5-Targeting Glycoconjugate As A Potential Pet Imaging Probe, Adelina Oronova, Marina Tanasova
Late-Stage Functionalization Through Click Chemistry Provides Glut5-Targeting Glycoconjugate As A Potential Pet Imaging Probe, Adelina Oronova, Marina Tanasova
Michigan Tech Publications
The targeting of facilitative sugar transporters (GLUTs) has been utilized in the development of tools for diagnostics and therapy. The interest in this area is promoted by the phenomenon of alterations in cellular metabolic processes that are linked to multitudes of metabolic disorders and diseases. However, nonspecific targeting (e.g., glucose-transporting GLUTs) leads to a lack of disease detection efficiency. Among GLUTs, GLUT5 stands out as a prominent target for developing specific molecular tools due to its association with metabolic diseases, including cancer. This work reports a non-radiolabeled fluoride (19F) coumarin-based glycoconjugate of 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol as a potential PET imaging probe that …
Importance Of Glut Transporters In Disease Diagnosis And Treatment, Abdelrahman Ismail, Marina Tanasova
Importance Of Glut Transporters In Disease Diagnosis And Treatment, Abdelrahman Ismail, Marina Tanasova
Michigan Tech Publications
Facilitative sugar transporters (GLUTs) are the primary method of sugar uptake in all mammalian cells. There are 14 different types of those transmembrane proteins, but they transport only a handful of substrates, mainly glucose and fructose. This overlap and redundancy contradict the natural tendency of cells to conserve energy and resources, and has led researchers to hypothesize that different GLUTs partake in more metabolic roles than just sugar transport into cells. Understanding those roles will lead to better therapeutics for a wide variety of diseases and disorders. In this review we highlight recent discoveries of the role GLUTs play in …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Alkyne-Functionalized Photo-Cross-Linkable Polyesters, Warrick Ma, Xiaochu Ding, Ying Chen, Yadong Wang
Synthesis And Characterization Of Alkyne-Functionalized Photo-Cross-Linkable Polyesters, Warrick Ma, Xiaochu Ding, Ying Chen, Yadong Wang
Michigan Tech Publications
An alkyne-functionalized elastomer derived from sebacic acid, 1,3-propanediol, and alkyne-functionalized serinol is synthesized via melt condensation. A low-power UV lamp triggers the cross-linking rapidly via thiol-yne click chemistry. The cross-linking behavior is studied by photorheology and NMR spectroscopy. The resultant elastomer possesses mechanical properties similar to those of human soft tissues and exhibits in vitro degradability and good cytocompatibility.
Determination Of Optical Density (Od) Of Oligodeoxynucleotide From Hplc Peak Area, Komal Chillar, Yipeng Yin, Dhananjani Eriyagama, Shiyue Fang
Determination Of Optical Density (Od) Of Oligodeoxynucleotide From Hplc Peak Area, Komal Chillar, Yipeng Yin, Dhananjani Eriyagama, Shiyue Fang
Michigan Tech Publications
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are typically purified and analysed with HPLC equipped with a UV-Vis detector. Quantities of ODNs are usually determined using a UV-Vis spectrometer separately after HPLC, and are reported as optical density at 260 nm (OD260). Here, we describe a method for direct determination of OD260 of ODNs using the area of the peaks in HPLC profiles.
Harmful Algal Blooms In Caesar Creek Lake And Their Relationship To Riparian Cover, Morgan C. Grunden
Harmful Algal Blooms In Caesar Creek Lake And Their Relationship To Riparian Cover, Morgan C. Grunden
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Caesar Creek Lake (CCL) in Warren County, OH has recently been experiencing harmful algal blooms (HABs) which are most likely attributed to an excess of phosphorus (P) from fertilizers and manures applied to surrounding fields. Sediments act as a sink for P later supplying a source of P in lakes for HABs when waters become thermally stratified and anoxic. This study seeks to determine the relationship between HABs in CCL and riparian cover at the main tributaries, Anderson Fork and Caesar Creek. In order to do this, sediment samples were collected from four sample sites along Anderson Fork and three …
Emissions, Shawn Urbanski, Susan O'Neill, Amara L. Holder, Sarah Green, Rick L. Graw
Emissions, Shawn Urbanski, Susan O'Neill, Amara L. Holder, Sarah Green, Rick L. Graw
Michigan Tech Publications
This chapter assesses the current state of the science regarding the composition, intensity, and drivers of wildland fire emissions in the USA and Canada. Globally and in the USA wildland fires are a major source of gases and aerosols which have significant air quality impacts and climate interactions. Wildland fire smoke can trigger severe pollution episodes with substantial effects on public health. Fire emissions can degrade air quality at considerable distances downwind, hampering efforts by air regulators to meet air standards. Fires are a major global source of aerosols which affect the climate system by absorbing and scattering radiation and …
Gene Vectors With Fluorescence Tracking Capabilities, Sophia Despina Angelopoulos
Gene Vectors With Fluorescence Tracking Capabilities, Sophia Despina Angelopoulos
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This project focuses on the optimization of benzothiazole-based chromophores to utilize them as fluorescent tags functionalized onto stimuli-responsive, or “smart,” polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for gene therapy applications. Blue-fluorescent emissive chromophores will allow tracking capabilities for the transfection pathway of the vector to be monitored as it delivers the DNA payload within intercellular space. The most appropriate chromophore must be covalently bound to a free amine within the vector, which is accomplished through NAS chemistry from fluorophenyl-benzothiazoles (F-BTZ-CBz) derivatives to amidated hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine)(HPEI-IBAm0.61). HPEI is considered to be a synthetic polycation, which promotes tunable solubility through characteristics of …
Fabrication And Characterization Of Novel Agnps Functionalized With Chlorothymol (C@Agnps), Lirim Sopaj
Fabrication And Characterization Of Novel Agnps Functionalized With Chlorothymol (C@Agnps), Lirim Sopaj
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In this study, novel silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized and functionalized with an antibacterial agent, namely chlorothymol (denoted C@AgNPs). The resulting colloid (C@AgNPs) was purified by two comparative methods: ultrafiltration and ultracentrifugation. Ultrafiltration proved to be more efficient in purifying and size selecting (10 kD filter) and concentrating the C@AgNPs than ultracentrifugation. The physicochemical properties of the filtered C@AgNPs were then characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Raman spectroscopy, Cytoviva hyperspectral imaging, and Scanning electron microscopy. These measurements confirmed the functionalization of the core AgNPs with chlorothymol and suggest the proposed mechanism of …
Covalent Attachment Of Tadf Chromophores To Thermally Stable Poly(Arylene Ether)S, Samuel Farrar
Covalent Attachment Of Tadf Chromophores To Thermally Stable Poly(Arylene Ether)S, Samuel Farrar
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The covalent attachment of a blue emitting, benzothiazole based TADF chromophore into poly(arylene ether) backbone polymers was explored. A benzothiazole derivative, 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-benzothiazole (2,4-diF-BTZ), was synthesized to form the electrophilic component of the host polymer. Two polymers were synthesized to have chromophore incorporated, using 2,4-diFBTZ and 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyl ether (DPE) or 4,4’-biphenol (BP). The chromophore was covalently incorporated at a 10% molar ratio into the polymer backbone by copolymerization with 2,4-diF-BTZ and BP, utilizing nucleophilic aromatic substitution (NAS). Structural characterization was provided via NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS analysis. The polymer syntheses provided high molecular weight materials that were able to be cast …
Detection And Identification Of Prevalent Cutting Agents In 'Street' Samples Utilizing Handheld And Benchtop Raman Spectroscopy And Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (Sers), Nicole Kenny
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Illicit and licit drugs continue to have a negative impact on the public’s health even with new regulations and laws. At local, state, and federal levels, crime laboratories analyze samples in a variety of mixtures and concentrations. Raman spectroscopy is a molecular fingerprinting, multiplex technique, which is considered a category A forensic characterization tool by the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG). The sensitivity of the Raman technique can be further enhanced down to the single-molecule detection level when analytes of interest are located at the interstitial sites of aggregated silver nanoparticles (i.e., the “hot spots” …
Detection Of Benzotriazole And Related Analogues In Surface Samples Collected Near An Ohio Airpark, Clara Leedy
Detection Of Benzotriazole And Related Analogues In Surface Samples Collected Near An Ohio Airpark, Clara Leedy
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Benzotriazoles are a class of contaminant of emerging concern which are commonly used as anticorrosive agents in aircraft deicer and anti-icing fluids (ADAFs). The analogues 1H-benzotriazole (BTZ), 4-methyl-1H-benzotrizole (4m-BTZ), and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5m-BTZ) are commonly found in environmental occurrence together. The two methylated isomers, collectively known as tolytriazole (TTZ), have different toxicity and stability. These contaminants are highly water soluble and resistant to biodegradation, making them persistent through water treatment. Benzotriazoles have been detected worldwide; this investigation focuses on monitoring three sites near a small airpark in Wilmington, Ohio. Two sites that receive runoff from the airpark, Lytle Creek and Indian …
The Ion Pair Thermal Model Of Maldi Ms, Shiyue Fang
The Ion Pair Thermal Model Of Maldi Ms, Shiyue Fang
Michigan Tech Publications
The ion pair thermal model for MALDI MS is described. Key elements of the model include thermal desorption and ionization, strong tendency to neutralization via ion pair formation and proton transfer in the gas phase, thermal equilibrium, overall charge neutral plume, and thermal energy assisted free ion generation via ion pair separation by ion extraction potential. The quantities of ions in the solid sample and in the gaseous plume are estimated. Ion yields of different classes of molecules including peptides, nucleic acids, permanent salts and neutral molecules are estimated at the macroscale and single ion pair levels. The estimated ion …
Hydrochloric Acid Modification And Lead Removal Studies On Naturally Occurring Zeolites From Nevada, New Mexico, And Arizona, Garven M. Huntley, Rudy Luck, Michael Mullins, Nick Newberry
Hydrochloric Acid Modification And Lead Removal Studies On Naturally Occurring Zeolites From Nevada, New Mexico, And Arizona, Garven M. Huntley, Rudy Luck, Michael Mullins, Nick Newberry
Michigan Tech Publications
Four naturally occurring zeolites were examined to verify their assignments as chabazites AZLB-Ca and AZLB-Na (Bowie, Arizona) and clinoptilolites NM-Ca (Winston, New Mexico) and NV-Na (Ash Meadows, Nevada). Based on powder X-ray diffraction, NM-Ca was discovered to be mostly quartz with some clinoptilolite residues. Treatment with concentrated HCl (12.1 M) acid resulted in AZLB-Ca and AZLB-Na, the chabazite-like species, becoming amorphous, as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. In contrast, NM-Ca and NV-Na, which are clinoptilolite-like species, withstood boiling in concentrated HCl acid. This treatment removes calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, aluminum, and iron atoms or ions from the framework while leaving …
Targeting Of Glut5 For Transporter-Mediated Drug-Delivery Is Contingent Upon Substrate Hydrophilicity, Nazanin Nahrjou, Avik Ghosh, Marina Tanasova
Targeting Of Glut5 For Transporter-Mediated Drug-Delivery Is Contingent Upon Substrate Hydrophilicity, Nazanin Nahrjou, Avik Ghosh, Marina Tanasova
Michigan Tech Publications
Specific link between high fructose uptake and cancer development and progression highlighted fructose transporters as potential means to achieve GLUT-mediated discrimination between normal and cancer cells. The gained expression of fructose-specific transporter GLUT5 in various cancers offers a possibility for developing cancer-specific imaging and bioactive agents. Herein, we explore the feasibility of delivering a bioactive agent through cancer-relevant fructose-specific transporter GLUT5. We employed specific targeting of GLUT5 by 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol and investigated several drug conjugates for their ability to induce cancer-specific cytotoxicity. The proof-of-concept analysis was carried out for conjugates of chlorambucil (CLB) in GLUT5-positive breast cancer cells and normal breast …
Ratiometric Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes Based On Hemicyanine Dyes Bearing Dithioacetal And Formal Residues For Ph Detection In Mitochondria, Yunnan Yan, Yibin Zhang, Shuai Xia, Shulin Wan, Tara Vohs, Marina Tanasova, Rudy Luck, Haiying Lui
Ratiometric Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes Based On Hemicyanine Dyes Bearing Dithioacetal And Formal Residues For Ph Detection In Mitochondria, Yunnan Yan, Yibin Zhang, Shuai Xia, Shulin Wan, Tara Vohs, Marina Tanasova, Rudy Luck, Haiying Lui
Michigan Tech Publications
Ratiometric near-infrared fluorescent probes (AH+ and BH+) have been prepared for pH determination in mitochondria by attaching dithioacetal and formal residues onto a hemicyanine dye. The reactive formyl group on probe BH+ allows for retention inside mitochondria as it can react with a protein primary amine residue to form an imine under slightly basic pH 8.0. Probes AH+ and BH+ display ratiometric fluorescent responses to pH changes through the protonation and deprotonaton of a hydroxy group in hemicyanine dyes with experimentally determined pKa values of 6.85 and 6.49, respectively. Calculated pKa values from a variety of theoretical methods indicated that …
The Formation Of Prenucleation Clusters For Calcium Fluoride, Taylor M. Muterspaw
The Formation Of Prenucleation Clusters For Calcium Fluoride, Taylor M. Muterspaw
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There have been limited studies on the analysis of the nucleation and precipitation behind calcium fluoride. Earlier studies support a nucleation mechanism in agreement to classical nucleation theory (CNT) in which a surface nucleation mechanism is required for calcium fluoride. This experiment devised using the ISE method to calcium fluoride to find evidence of a nucleation mechanism like that of calcium carbonate (prenucleation cluster pathway). The potential and pH were recorded versus time and the potential data was converted to nCa2+ data of free calcium ions. It was determined that there was evidence of a similar nucleation mechanism for calcium …
Investigation Into The Source Of Contamination Of Surface Waters Flowing Through The Wright State University Woods, Nnadozie Kennedy Okeke
Investigation Into The Source Of Contamination Of Surface Waters Flowing Through The Wright State University Woods, Nnadozie Kennedy Okeke
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This investigative research was carried out with the purpose of determining the source of contaminants present in the surface waters flowing through the Wright State University woods. Five sample sites going from upstream to downstream namely; Inflow to Nutter Center Pond (INNCP), Nutter Center Pond (NCP), Outfall 21 (OTF 21), Burley, and Outfall 15 (OTF 15), were sampled over a time period spanning from June 2020 to January 2021. Samples collected were analyzed for Escherichia coli (E. coli) using 3M™ Petrifilm™ E. coli/Coliform Count (EC) plates, select anions (Phosphate PO43-, Nitrate NO3-, Sulfate SO42-, Fluoride F- and Chloride Cl-) using …