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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Public Health
Content And Criterion Validity Evaluation Of National Public Health Performance Standards Measurement Instruments., Joyce Beaulieu, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Ann V. Kelly
Content And Criterion Validity Evaluation Of National Public Health Performance Standards Measurement Instruments., Joyce Beaulieu, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Ann V. Kelly
Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Faculty Publications
OBJECTIVE: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Public Health Performance Standards Program (NPHPSP) has developed instruments to measure the performance of local and state public health departments on the 10 "Essential Services of Public Health," which have been tested in several states. This article is a report of the evaluation of the content and criterion validity of the local public health performance assessment instrument, and the content validity of the state public health performance assessment instrument.
METHODS: Health department performance is measured using a set of indicators developed for the 10 Essential Services of Public Health and a …
Predicting Adolescents’ Intake Of Fruits And Vegetables, Leslie A. Lytle, Sherri Varnell, David M. Murray, Mary Story, Cherly Perry, Amanda Birnbaum, Martha Y. Kubik
Predicting Adolescents’ Intake Of Fruits And Vegetables, Leslie A. Lytle, Sherri Varnell, David M. Murray, Mary Story, Cherly Perry, Amanda Birnbaum, Martha Y. Kubik
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
Objective
To explore potential predictors of adolescent fruit and vegetable intake by expanding on current theory and drawing from other adolescent research.
Design
This research reports on the baseline and interim data from a school-based intervention study. Data were collected through surveys administered to students at the beginning and end of their 7th-grade year.
Setting
The students attended 16 public schools in Minnesota.
Participants
Data were collected on 3878 students; approximately half were female and 67% were white. All students in the 7th-grade cohort were invited to participate in the surveys and over 94% completed both surveys.
Variables Measured
Our …
Obstructive And Restrictive Lung Disease And Markers Of Inflammation: Data From The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination, David M. Mannino, Earl S. Ford, Stephen C. Redd
Obstructive And Restrictive Lung Disease And Markers Of Inflammation: Data From The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination, David M. Mannino, Earl S. Ford, Stephen C. Redd
David M. Mannino
Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and restrictive lung diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States 1, 2 and 3, a large proportion of the morbidity and mortality is not pulmonary (4). This raises the possibility that lung disease may be an indicator of susceptibility to the development of other diseases or may be associated with systemic inflammation that leads to other diseases 5 and 6. Previous analyses of the relation between lung function and markers of inflammation 7 and 8 have not looked at restrictive lung disease separately.
We applied spirometric criteria to define …
School Functioning And Violent Behavior Among Young Adolescents: A Contextual Analysis, Amanda Birnbaum, Leslie A. Lytle, Peter J. Hannan, David M. Murray, Cheryl L. Perry, Jean L. Foster
School Functioning And Violent Behavior Among Young Adolescents: A Contextual Analysis, Amanda Birnbaum, Leslie A. Lytle, Peter J. Hannan, David M. Murray, Cheryl L. Perry, Jean L. Foster
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
This paper examines associations between overall school functioning and the frequency of violent behaviors among young adolescents (ages 10–14). The sample included 16 middle schools participating in an unrelated intervention study (on nutrition) in Minneapolis, Minnesota. A School Functioning Index developed to characterize schools’ overall stability, performance, and demographics was constructed using data from public archives and school administrator surveys. Data on violent behaviors and other variables were collected in student surveys in fall 1998 and spring 1999. We used multilevel modeling to assess the effect of school functioning on violent behavior after adjusting for known individual-level covariates of violent …
Tobacco Smoke Exposure And Decreased Serum And Red Blood Cell Folate Levels: Data From The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, David M. Mannino, Joseph Mulinare, Earl S. Ford, Joel Schwartz
Tobacco Smoke Exposure And Decreased Serum And Red Blood Cell Folate Levels: Data From The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, David M. Mannino, Joseph Mulinare, Earl S. Ford, Joel Schwartz
David M. Mannino
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the effects of smoke exposure on serum and red blood cell folate levels. Data collected as part of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Serum and red blood cell folate levels were measured in active smokers and nonsmokers with high, moderate, and low exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. After adjusting for dietary intake of folate and other covariates, we found that both smokers and nonsmokers with high smoke exposure had lower red blood cell folate levels than did nonsmokers with low smoke exposure (−86 nmol/l [95% confidence …
New Statistics On The Us Epidemic In "Copd Mortality: That Was Then - This Is Now!", David M. Mannino
New Statistics On The Us Epidemic In "Copd Mortality: That Was Then - This Is Now!", David M. Mannino
David M. Mannino
No abstract provided.
The Epidemiology Of Sepsis In The United States From 1979 Through 2000, Greg S. Martin, David M. Mannino, Stephanie Eaton, Marc Moss
The Epidemiology Of Sepsis In The United States From 1979 Through 2000, Greg S. Martin, David M. Mannino, Stephanie Eaton, Marc Moss
David M. Mannino
BACKGROUND
Sepsis represents a substantial health care burden, and there is limited epidemiologic information about the demography of sepsis or about the temporal changes in its incidence and outcome. We investigated the epidemiology of sepsis in the United States, with specific examination of race and sex, causative organisms, the disposition of patients, and the incidence and outcome.
METHODS
We analyzed the occurrence of sepsis from 1979 through 2000 using a nationally representative sample of all nonfederal acute care hospitals in the United States. Data on new cases were obtained from hospital discharge records coded according to the International Classification of …
Fatal Injuries In The United States Involving Respirators, 1984-1995, Anthony Suruda, William Milliken, Dale Stephenson, Richard Sesek
Fatal Injuries In The United States Involving Respirators, 1984-1995, Anthony Suruda, William Milliken, Dale Stephenson, Richard Sesek
Dale J. Stephenson
There is little published information concerning the epidemiology of fatal injuries involving respiratory protection. We compiled a case series from U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigation reports from 1984 through 1995. For the 12-year period there were 41 incidents resulting in 45 deaths due to asphyxiation or chemical poisoning while wearing a respirator. There were 23 deaths related to airline respirators, 17 deaths involving use of negative pressure (air purifying) respirators, and 5 deaths involving self-contained breathing apparatus. Among the 23 deaths involving airline respirators, 15 were associated with compatible connection couplings for breathable air and inert gases. Three …
Associations Between Perceived Family Meal Environment And Parent Intake Of Fruit,Vegetables, And Fat, Kerri N. Boutelle, Amanda Birnbaum, Leslie Lytle, David M. Murray, Mary T. Story
Associations Between Perceived Family Meal Environment And Parent Intake Of Fruit,Vegetables, And Fat, Kerri N. Boutelle, Amanda Birnbaum, Leslie Lytle, David M. Murray, Mary T. Story
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
Objective
To describe the family mealtime environment and assess associations with adult fruit, vegetable, and fat intake.
Design
Telephone survey.
Participants
A convenience sample of 277 adults in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area were recruited through 4 schools. The sample was 85% female and 70% married. The mean number of children in the household was 2.6 (range 1 to 9).
Variables Measured
Adult fruit and vegetable intake, fat intake, and perceptions of the mealtime environment.
Analysis
Descriptive and mixed-model linear regression.
Results
Participants reported that the television was frequently on during dinner meals and almost one third felt that their family …
Environmental Planning, R. Steven Konkel
Environmental Planning, R. Steven Konkel
Environmental Health Science Faculty and Staff Research
Our understanding of the importance of healthy ecosystems and the impact of people on the natural and the built environment continues to grow. The need for stewardship to preserve, protect, and enhance the natural environment and promote healthy populations is increasingly seen as a universal responsibility of environmental health and safety (EHS) professionals.
Enhancement Of Disease And Pathology By Synergy Of Trichuris Suis And Campylobacter Jejuni In The Colon Of Immunologically Naive Swine, Linda S. Mansfield, David T. Gauthier, Sheila R. Abner, Kathryn M. Jones, Stacey R. Wilder, Joseph F. Urban
Enhancement Of Disease And Pathology By Synergy Of Trichuris Suis And Campylobacter Jejuni In The Colon Of Immunologically Naive Swine, Linda S. Mansfield, David T. Gauthier, Sheila R. Abner, Kathryn M. Jones, Stacey R. Wilder, Joseph F. Urban
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, has different age distribution and disease expression in developing and developed countries, which may be due to the endemnicity of infection and the age of acquisition of immunity. Differences in disease expression are not solely dependent on the C jejuni strain or virulence attributes. Another modulating factor in developing countries may be endemic nematode infections such as Trichuris, which drive type 2 cytokine responses and down-regulate type I immune responses. In this study, three-day-old germfree pigs given dual infections with Trichuris suis and C jejuni had more frequent, more severe …
Health And Environmental Effects Of Landfilling And Incineration Of Waste - A Literature Review, D. Crowley, A. Staines, C. Collins, J. Bracken, M. Bruen, J Fry, Victor Hrymak, D. Malone, B. Magette, M. Ryan, C Thunhurst
Health And Environmental Effects Of Landfilling And Incineration Of Waste - A Literature Review, D. Crowley, A. Staines, C. Collins, J. Bracken, M. Bruen, J Fry, Victor Hrymak, D. Malone, B. Magette, M. Ryan, C Thunhurst
Reports
A literature review on the health effects of landfill and incineration is presented together with an application to Ireland of the findings
The Observatory Of The Americas As A Network In Environmental And Worker Health In The Americas, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira, Fernando Martins Carvalho
The Observatory Of The Americas As A Network In Environmental And Worker Health In The Americas, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira, Fernando Martins Carvalho
C. Eduardo Siqueira
This article reviews the scope of several Observatories found by a search in the Internet through the Google search engine. After examining these observatories, it describes the aims and initial accomplishments of the Observatory of the Americas as a network of professionals and activists from different countries in the Americas. The article concludes with a discussion of the pattern identified among these observatories: they may be clearinghouses or networks, or both.
Environmental Health In Public Health, R. Konkel, Darryl Barnett, Joe Beck, Worley Johnson
Environmental Health In Public Health, R. Konkel, Darryl Barnett, Joe Beck, Worley Johnson
Steve Konkel
A most intriguing question, and one that leads to many debates both inside and outside of the environmental health field, is a definition of environmental health. The answer given is often tempered by one's political slant (i.e., liberal, moderate, or conservative) and by one's professional training (e.g., public health sanitation, chemistry, nursing, ecology, planning, public administration, etc). Although agreement is needed to effectively address the challenges in the field, disagreement often centers on what constitutes environmental health and even on the name or nickname that should be applied to individuals whose primary focus is on one or many aspects of …
Environmental Planning, R. Steven Konkel
Environmental Planning, R. Steven Konkel
Steve Konkel
Our understanding of the importance of healthy ecosystems and the impact of people on the natural and the built environment continues to grow. The need for stewardship to preserve, protect, and enhance the natural environment and promote healthy populations is increasingly seen as a universal responsibility of environmental health and safety (EHS) professionals.