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Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Why Are The Pakistani Maternal, Fetal And Newborn Outcomes So Poor Compared To Other Low And Middle-Income Countries?, Aleha Aziz, Sarah Saleem, Tracy L. Nolen, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Saleem Jessani, Ana L. Garces, Patricia L. Hibberd, Janet L. Moore, Sameen Siddiqi
Why Are The Pakistani Maternal, Fetal And Newborn Outcomes So Poor Compared To Other Low And Middle-Income Countries?, Aleha Aziz, Sarah Saleem, Tracy L. Nolen, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Saleem Jessani, Ana L. Garces, Patricia L. Hibberd, Janet L. Moore, Sameen Siddiqi
Community Health Sciences
Background: Pakistan has among the poorest pregnancy outcomes worldwide, significantly worse than many other low-resource countries. The reasons for these differences are not clear. In this study, we compared pregnancy outcomes in Pakistan to other low-resource countries and explored factors that might help explain these differences.
Methods: The Global Network (GN) Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) is a prospective, population-based observational study that includes all pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes in defined geographic communities in six low-middle income countries (India, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Kenya, Zambia). Study staff enroll women in early pregnancy and follow-up soon after …
Typhoid And Paratyphoid Cost Of Illness In Pakistan: Patient And Health Facility Costs From The Surveillance For Enteric Fever In Asia Project Ii, Nelly Mejia, Farah Naz Qamar, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Jamal Raza, Denise O. Garrett, Kashmira Date, Taiwo Abimbola, Sarah W. Pallas
Typhoid And Paratyphoid Cost Of Illness In Pakistan: Patient And Health Facility Costs From The Surveillance For Enteric Fever In Asia Project Ii, Nelly Mejia, Farah Naz Qamar, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Jamal Raza, Denise O. Garrett, Kashmira Date, Taiwo Abimbola, Sarah W. Pallas
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of illness from enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid) at selected sites in Pakistan.
Methods: We implemented a cost-of-illness study in 4 hospitals as part of the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) II in Pakistan. From the patient and caregiver perspective, we collected direct medical, nonmedical, and indirect costs per case of enteric fever incurred since illness onset by phone after enrollment and 6 weeks later. From the health care provider perspective, we collected data on quantities and prices of resources used at 3 of the hospitals, …
Hemoglobin Concentrations And Adverse Birth Outcomes In South Asian Pregnant Women: Findings From A Prospective Maternal And Neonatal Health Registry, Sumera Aziz Ali, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sangappa Dhaded, Richard J. Derman, Janet L. Moore, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Robert L. Goldenberg
Hemoglobin Concentrations And Adverse Birth Outcomes In South Asian Pregnant Women: Findings From A Prospective Maternal And Neonatal Health Registry, Sumera Aziz Ali, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sangappa Dhaded, Richard J. Derman, Janet L. Moore, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Robert L. Goldenberg
Community Health Sciences
Background: While the relationship between hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and pregnancy outcomes has been studied often, most reports have focused on a specific Hb cutoff used to define anemia. Fewer studies have evaluated pregnancy outcomes across the entire range of Hb values. Moreover, to date, most studies of the relationship of Hb concentrations to pregnancy outcomes have been done in high-income countries. Thus, we have sought to determine the relationship between the range of maternal Hb concentrations and adverse birth outcomes among South Asian pregnant women.
Methods: For this study, we used data collected from two South Asian countries (Pakistan - …
Evaluating Implementation Of "Management Of Possible Serious Bacterial Infection (Psbi) When Referral Is Not Feasible" In Primary Health Care Facilities In Sindh Province, Pakistan, Maria Asif Bhura, Shabina Ariff, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Zaitoon Qazi, Imran Ahmed, Yasir Bin Nisar, Zamir Suhag, Abdul Wahab Soomro, Sajid Bashir Soofi
Evaluating Implementation Of "Management Of Possible Serious Bacterial Infection (Psbi) When Referral Is Not Feasible" In Primary Health Care Facilities In Sindh Province, Pakistan, Maria Asif Bhura, Shabina Ariff, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Zaitoon Qazi, Imran Ahmed, Yasir Bin Nisar, Zamir Suhag, Abdul Wahab Soomro, Sajid Bashir Soofi
Woman and Child Health
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) launched a guideline in 2015 for managing Possible Serious Bacterial Infection (PSBI) when referral is not feasible in young infants aged 0-59 days. This guideline was implemented across 303 Basic Health Unit (BHU) Plus primary health care (PHC) facilities in peri-urban and rural settings of Sindh, Pakistan. We evaluated the implementation of PSBI guideline, and the quality of care provided to sick young infants at these facilities.
Methods: Thirty (10%) out of 303 BHU Plus facilities were randomly selected for evaluation. A survey team visited each facility for one day, assessed the health system …
Community-Level Interventions For Pre-Eclampsia (Clip) In Pakistan: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Sheikh, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Sumedha Sharma, Marianne Vidler, Beth A. Payne, Imran Ahmed, J Mark Ansermino, Jeffrey Bone, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Community-Level Interventions For Pre-Eclampsia (Clip) In Pakistan: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Sheikh, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Sumedha Sharma, Marianne Vidler, Beth A. Payne, Imran Ahmed, J Mark Ansermino, Jeffrey Bone, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Objectives: To reduce all-cause maternal and perinatal mortality and major morbidity through Lady Health Worker (LHW)-facilitated community engagement and early diagnosis, stabilization and referral of women with preeclampsia, an important contributor to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes given delays in early detection and initial management.
Study design: In the Pakistan Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomized controlled trial (NCT01911494), LHWs engaged the community, recruited pregnant women from 20 union councils (clusters), undertook mobile health-guided clinical assessment for preeclampsia, and referral to facilities after stabilization.
Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was a composite of maternal, fetal and …
Recommendations: Putting An End To Child Labour In Pakistan!, Meesha Iqbal, Zafar Fatmi, Kausar S. Khan, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Neelma Amjad
Recommendations: Putting An End To Child Labour In Pakistan!, Meesha Iqbal, Zafar Fatmi, Kausar S. Khan, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Neelma Amjad
Community Health Sciences
Child labour is rampant in Pakistan since ages. Laws, policies, programmes and strategies to eliminate child labour have been in place with little gain. Implementation of laws and sustainability of programmes offer barriers to eliminate the menace. We recommend a new approach of regulating child labour as a strategy to eliminate it in the longer run. Model districts with drop-in-centres offering free education to the working children should be constructed. The key stakeholders should unite on a common platform to formulate guidelines defining the nature and duration of work for children in various sectors such that they have sufficient time …
Prelacteal Feeding Practices In Pakistan: A Mixed-Methods Study, Muhammad Asim, Zarak Husain Ahmed, Mark D. Hayward, Elizabeth M. Widen
Prelacteal Feeding Practices In Pakistan: A Mixed-Methods Study, Muhammad Asim, Zarak Husain Ahmed, Mark D. Hayward, Elizabeth M. Widen
Community Health Sciences
Background: Prelacteal feeding, the feeding a newborn substances or liquids before breastfeeding, is a common cultural practice in Pakistan, but is associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality because it delays early initiation of breastfeeding. In this study, we sought to examine the social and cultural factors associated with prelacteal feeding in Pakistan.
Methods: This mixed-method study used data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012-13. Findings from the survey were complemented by qualitative interviews with mothers and healthcare providers. In a subset of PDHS dyads (n = 1361) with children (0-23 months), descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariable …
Impact Of Conflict On Maternal And Child Health Service Delivery - How And How Not: A Country Case Study Of Conflict Affected Areas Of Pakistan, Jai K. Das, Zahra Ali Padhani, Sultana Jabeen, Arjumand Rizvi, Uzair Ansari, Malika Fatima, Ghulam Akbar, Wardah Ahmed, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Impact Of Conflict On Maternal And Child Health Service Delivery - How And How Not: A Country Case Study Of Conflict Affected Areas Of Pakistan, Jai K. Das, Zahra Ali Padhani, Sultana Jabeen, Arjumand Rizvi, Uzair Ansari, Malika Fatima, Ghulam Akbar, Wardah Ahmed, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Introduction: In conflict affected countries, healthcare delivery remains a huge concern. Pakistan is one country engulfed with conflict spanning various areas and time spans. We aimed to explore the effect of conflict on provision of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition (RMNCAH&N) services and describe the contextual factors influencing the prioritization and implementation in conflict affected areas of Pakistan (Balochistan and FATA).
Method: We conducted a secondary quantitative and a primary qualitative analysis. For the quantitative analysis, we stratified the various districts/agencies of Balochistan and FATA into the conflict categories of minimal-, moderate- and severe based on …
Adolescent Food Insecurity In Rural Sindh, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Sana Sheikh, Romaina Iqbal, Rahat Qureshi, Iqbal Azam Syed, Rubina Barolia
Adolescent Food Insecurity In Rural Sindh, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Sana Sheikh, Romaina Iqbal, Rahat Qureshi, Iqbal Azam Syed, Rubina Barolia
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Background: Food insecurity (FI) is alarmingly high in developing countries including Pakistan. A quarter of Pakistan's population consists of adolescents yet there is no information on their experience of FI. FI at adolescent age have long term effect on mental and physical health hence we aimed to determine the prevalence of food insecurity (FI) among adolescents and compare it with household FI, and assess social determinants of adolescent FI.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey on 799 households with unmarried adolescents was conducted from September 2015 to June 2016 in three union councils of Hyderabad, Pakistan. Unmarried 10-19 years old girls and …
Mainstreaming Nutrition Services: Stabilization Centers And Outpatient Therapeutic Program Centers, Ashar Muhammad Malik
Mainstreaming Nutrition Services: Stabilization Centers And Outpatient Therapeutic Program Centers, Ashar Muhammad Malik
Community Health Sciences
No abstract provided.