Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Obesity (5)
- HIV (4)
- African Americans (3)
- AIDS (2)
- African American Women (2)
-
- Depression (2)
- Diabetes (2)
- MSM (2)
- Nutrition (2)
- Physical activity (2)
- Suicide (2)
- Unprotected sex (2)
- Abortion (1)
- Abortion rate among black women (1)
- Abuse (1)
- Access to Health Care (1)
- Access to healthcare (1)
- Acculturation (1)
- Adherence (1)
- Adolescent behavior (1)
- Adolescent girls (1)
- Adults (1)
- Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 (1)
- Africa (1)
- African American (1)
- African American Male (1)
- Afro-Caribbean (1)
- American Indian/Alaskan Native (1)
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (1)
- Antimicrobial Resistance (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 64
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Population Density And Spatial Distribution Of Neglected Tropical Diseases In Sierra Leone, Abou B. Funna
Population Density And Spatial Distribution Of Neglected Tropical Diseases In Sierra Leone, Abou B. Funna
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are the most common health conditions affecting the poorest residents of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). These infections affect an estimated 2 billion people worldwide, including 500 million people living in SSA. About 85% of NTD infections are a result of helminth infections; hookworm is also a common occurrence among SSA’s poorest people, especially children. Schistosomiasis is the 2nd most prevalent NTD after hookworm. This quantitative correlational study investigated population distribution and the spread of NTDs in Sierra Leone. The focus was on 5 major NTDs: ascariasis, hookworm, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiasis, and trichuris. Data were obtained from the …
Voluntary Male Circumcision And Risk For Human Immunodeficiency Virus In Homa Bay, Kenya, George Obhai Gabriel
Voluntary Male Circumcision And Risk For Human Immunodeficiency Virus In Homa Bay, Kenya, George Obhai Gabriel
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The role played by the belief about voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in predicting HIV status has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were any differences between belief about VMMC, unprotected sex, age, number of sexual partners, relationship status, and HIV status among circumcised males aged between 18-49 years in Homa Bay County, Kenya. Drawing from the health belief model and case-control study design, 936 men were recruited based on their HIV status (468 HIV cases and 468 controls). A bivariate logistic regression was applied, and the results indicated that unprotected sex, age, …
Impact Of Chlorpyrifos Exposure On Colorectal Cancer In Agricultural Communities In Ohio, Vicky Knisley-Henry
Impact Of Chlorpyrifos Exposure On Colorectal Cancer In Agricultural Communities In Ohio, Vicky Knisley-Henry
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cancer diagnosis in the United States, and second in Ohio, for both men and women. In 2019, there were an estimated 145,000 cases of new CRC diagnoses and will lead to more than 50,000 deaths. Results from a systematic review indicate that chlorpyrifos use in agriculture is linked to the incidence of breast and lung cancers and has a possible association with CRC. Grounded in the social-ecological model, this study investigated the association between exposure to chlorpyrifos and CRC rates in agricultural communities in Ohio. The quantitative cohort design method utilized secondary data …
Obesity, Snoring, Sleep Apnea, And Coronary Heart Disease, Maryam Khalilah Muhammad
Obesity, Snoring, Sleep Apnea, And Coronary Heart Disease, Maryam Khalilah Muhammad
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant public health issue that affects communities across all socioeconomic and demographic groups. Risk factors for CHD include sleep apnea and snoring. Obesity with short sleep duration also places individuals at higher risk for CHD. Although limited research has been conducted on CHD and its relationship to obesity, sleep apnea, and snoring as individual risk factors for CHD, a gap exists as these factors had not been studied as paired in this study. The purpose of this quantitative, cross sectional study was to determine if a significant relationship existed between obesity, snoring, sleep apnea, …
Parental Characteristics And Lead Knowledge In The Minimization Of Environmental Lead Exposure, Trina Yvette Redford
Parental Characteristics And Lead Knowledge In The Minimization Of Environmental Lead Exposure, Trina Yvette Redford
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A method for guiding lead intervention and minimizing lead exposures in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (PA) is through understanding the relationship between lead knowledge and parental characteristics such as gender, age, income, marital status, and education attainment. Parental characteristic may play a significant role in the identification of population groups where knowledge pertaining to lead exposure is inadequate. Through awareness and intervention, preventive measures can be implemented to minimize and eliminate lead exposure. The theoretical concept used in this quantitative study was Krieger ecosocial theory. The ecosocial theory provides guidance and analyzes differences in existing health relationships, especially those with biological and …
The Relationship Between Mental Illness And Mass Shooting, Priscilla Ngozi Chukwueke
The Relationship Between Mental Illness And Mass Shooting, Priscilla Ngozi Chukwueke
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractWhenever a mass shooting occurs, it impacts the immediate families of the perpetrator, victims, and the whole nation: emotionally and financially. The research on the association between mental illness (MI) and mass shooting fatalities is limited. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to explore the association between MI and mass shooting using the archival data of the Stanford University database of mass shootings in America from 2000 to 2016. The theoretical framework was based on Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological theory and the cognitive-behavioral theory to explain socio-environmental factors that impact human growth and development. The results showed that the proportion …
Association Of Landfall Atlantic Tropical Storms And Human Cases Of Locally Acquired West Nile Virus Infection In Florida, Jackson G. Mosley
Association Of Landfall Atlantic Tropical Storms And Human Cases Of Locally Acquired West Nile Virus Infection In Florida, Jackson G. Mosley
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
West Nile virus (WNv) is the most widely distributed flavivirus and considered a vector-borne pathogen of global significance. During the study period from 2002 to 2018, WNv had the highest incidence of locally acquired human cases when compared to any other mosquito borne illness in Florida with 373 cases documented during the study period. The purpose of the study is to determine if there is an association between Florida landfall tropical storms (LTS) and the incidence of locally acquired human WNv cases from 2002 through 2018. The study used a retrospective ecological study design guided by the epidemiological triad model …
Predictors Of Condom Use Among High School Students In North Carolina, Danielle Cierra Robinson
Predictors Of Condom Use Among High School Students In North Carolina, Danielle Cierra Robinson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The spread of sexually transmitted diseases is a major ongoing public health issue in North Carolina. Adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19 years have consistently contributed to this trend. Researchers have found that condom use among high school students has decreased. High school students continue to engage in sex with multiple partners, with lack of knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases, even though sex education and prevention programs have been recommended. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the predictors of condom use among adolescents. The socioecological model theoretical framework was applied to guide this research involving …
Mothers' Knowledge, Clinic Staff, Community Support, And Breastfeeding Practices, Ubong Usua
Mothers' Knowledge, Clinic Staff, Community Support, And Breastfeeding Practices, Ubong Usua
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Among low-income mothers enrolled in the Women Infant and Child (WIC) program and Medicaid, the rate of initiating breastfeeding immediately after delivery is low (57%) compared to high-income mothers (74%). Among the many factors contributing to this are low-income mothers' poor knowledge of the benefits of breast-feeding and lack of support and encouragement from clinical staff, family, and community. However, few studies have singled out the role of community and family support in improving maternal knowledge and breastfeeding practices. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior framework, this quantitative study used WIC data from the Texas Department of Health and Human …
Demographic, Environmental, And Clinical Variables Associated With Dengue In Saint Lucia, Brendan Lee
Demographic, Environmental, And Clinical Variables Associated With Dengue In Saint Lucia, Brendan Lee
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Dengue is the most important arboviral disease of public health concern on the world stage. In Saint Lucia, the disease has been endemic for years. Little research has been published on the specific epidemiology of dengue in Saint Lucia, and this study sought to identify the risk factors associated with the disease specific to the island. This study was underpinned by ecological theory, which is used to explain the possible relationships between risk factors and the occurrence of dengue. This three-manuscript study was used to evaluate the relationship between demographic, environmental, and clinical variables and the occurrence of dengue as …
Risk Factors For Polysubstance Abuse: A National Secondary Data Analysis Study, Dakota Mcmurray
Risk Factors For Polysubstance Abuse: A National Secondary Data Analysis Study, Dakota Mcmurray
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Substance abuse is a serious public health problem in the United States and globally. Abuse of more than one substance is considered polysubstance abuse and can cause more harm than abuse of only one substance. Polysubstance abuse compounds the problems of addiction because of the variety of substances that may be used and the resulting side effects. This quantitative cross-sectional secondary data analysis, guided by the socio-ecological theory, assessed patient characteristics and how predictive they were for polysubstance abuse. The study sample of 986 patients was analyzed by binomial logistic regression to assess the association between patient-related factors and polysubstance …
Accuracy Of Death Certificate Data In Reporting Suicide In The United States, Miland Ned Palmer
Accuracy Of Death Certificate Data In Reporting Suicide In The United States, Miland Ned Palmer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Death certificates are currently being used by public health professionals and policy makers as a main source of public health surveillance data on suicide. The accuracy of death certificates in tracking and reporting suicides has not been well quantified or evaluated in the United States. Death certificates from other countries have been found to under-report suicide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of death certificates in reporting suicides in the United States. The National Violence Death Reporting System (NVDRS) collects information on all …
Retention, Viral Suppression, And Care Models In Hiv Positive Children And Adolescents In Cameroon, Eveline Mboh Khan
Retention, Viral Suppression, And Care Models In Hiv Positive Children And Adolescents In Cameroon, Eveline Mboh Khan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a significant public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa with poor treatment outcomes in children and adolescents (C&As). There is a lack of information on the effects of various HIV care models (Child and Adolescent Friendly Clinic model and Support Group model) on retention in care and Viral Suppression (VS) in Cameroon. This study was carried out to identify the care model with the best outcomes for C&As, inform national scale-up strategies, resource prioritization, and contribute to the existing literature. A quantitative retrospective cohort review approach guided by the social cognitive theory was used to analyze …
Association Between Childhood Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Inflammatory Bowel Disease Development, Stephanie Eve Walsh
Association Between Childhood Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Inflammatory Bowel Disease Development, Stephanie Eve Walsh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental factors, such as smoking, have been shown to play a role in the development of IBD; however, minimal research regarding secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and the development of IBD has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there was a relationship between childhood SHS exposure and the development of IBD. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory was used in this study as a basis that the environment can aid in the development of disease. The research questions addressed the potential association between childhood …
Understanding Characteristics Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions In An Acute Care Hospital, Jordan Danyale Brautigam
Understanding Characteristics Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions In An Acute Care Hospital, Jordan Danyale Brautigam
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) not only face difficulties managing their disease but are also faced with a higher risk of being readmitted to a hospital after an initial visit for acute exacerbation of their condition. Despite hospitals’ many attempts to offset this burden, readmission reduction programs are not effective. The purpose of this quantitative study was to further research an organization’s specific population surrounding patient comorbidities, reasons for readmissions, and demographic characteristics that may lend insight into reasons for readmissions. The research design was a retrospective analysis of a health system’s electronic medical record with a …
Mortality Disparities Among Puerto Rican Infants In 2015, Maria Del Carmen Medina
Mortality Disparities Among Puerto Rican Infants In 2015, Maria Del Carmen Medina
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is a well-established disparity between infant mortality rates among women residing in rural areas in Puerto Rico in comparison with woman residing in urban areas of Puerto Rico. There is a significant amount of research that connects infant mortality to low birth weight, congenital malformations, and premature births. The purpose of this study was to determine infant mortality and its relationship with the geographical location of Puerto Rican mothers. The study also examined whether there is a relationship between infant mortality and the area of residence (rural/urban) of the mother, marital status, race, and education level of the mother. …
Factors Associated With Flu Vaccination Status Among Older Hispanics In The United States, William Esteban Toledo Velazquez
Factors Associated With Flu Vaccination Status Among Older Hispanics In The United States, William Esteban Toledo Velazquez
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractOlder Hispanics in the United States are less likely to be vaccinated with the flu vaccine compared to older White Americans, despite being at higher risk of influenza-associated deaths and hospitalizations. A quantitative cross-sectional study based on the social ecological model was carried out to evaluate the influence of several sociodemographic and health factors on flu vaccination status among elderly Hispanic individuals in the United States. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using secondary data collected from 95,414 elderly Hispanic and White American 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System participants. Multivariate logistic regressions controlling for other variables revealed health care coverage …
Socioeconomic Status, Benzathine Penicillin Prophylaxis, And Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Rheumatic Heart Disease, Christopher Sabo Yilgwan
Socioeconomic Status, Benzathine Penicillin Prophylaxis, And Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Rheumatic Heart Disease, Christopher Sabo Yilgwan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the major cause of acquired heart disease and death for children and young adults in developing countries. Poverty and social disadvantage are thought to influence the clinical outcomes in RHD patients. Guided by the health lifestyle theory, this study assessed the relationship between socioeconomic status and clinical outcomes (heart failure events and mortality) in patients with RHD. It also examined how adherence to penicillin prophylaxis mediates the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on clinical outcomes. Using the Nigerian database of the REMEDY study, this study was conducted with 243 participants using Poisson regression and logistic …
Reducing Morbidity: Establishing A Relationship Between Perioperative Normothermia And Colon Surgical Site Infections, Nychie Dotson
Reducing Morbidity: Establishing A Relationship Between Perioperative Normothermia And Colon Surgical Site Infections, Nychie Dotson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are an emerging public health threat. Every day in the United States, HAIs impact 1 in 31 hospitalized patients. Surgical site infections (SSIs) account for over 40% of all reported HAIs and have an increased risk for morbidity and mortality. Surgery associated with colon procedures present an increased risk for infection, morbidity, and mortality. There has been vast work to prevent colon SSIs; however, there remain areas for improvement and exploration. The main research question evaluated the relationship between maintaining perioperative normothermia and colon SSIs. Secondary research questions explored additional risk factors to include age, gender, obesity, …
Factors Contributing To Community-Associated Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections In The United States, Zabrina Lockett
Factors Contributing To Community-Associated Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections In The United States, Zabrina Lockett
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) health care acquired infections are a serious public health threat due to a high mortality rate, economic burden, and depletion of last resort CRE antimicrobials. CRE infections have emerged as community-associated type infections in the United States. For CRE to now have that type of potential is cause for immediate and extensive action. The prevalence of CRE infection cases that were reported as community-associated CRE and health care acquired CRE by examining specific clinical characteristics between 4 selected states that were reported to respective state health departments and the Centers for Disease Control were explored in this …
Meat Intake And Prostate Cancer In African American Men, Uchenna Njoku
Meat Intake And Prostate Cancer In African American Men, Uchenna Njoku
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African American men have more prostate cancer and are more than twice as likely to die of the disease as Caucasian men, and the reasons for this racial disparity have not been clarified. Identifying lifestyle and dietary risk factors of prostate cancer is an important public health issue. Studies on the association between meat intake and prostate cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to determine whether there is an association between total meat intake and total prostate cancer risk among African American men when controlling for age, income, educational level, physical activity, …
Sexual Orientation, Body Mass Index, And Methamphetamine Use Among Chicago Youth, Nileshkumar Panchal
Sexual Orientation, Body Mass Index, And Methamphetamine Use Among Chicago Youth, Nileshkumar Panchal
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Drug use and obesity are two of the most challenging health-related issues that young people face. Obesity, substance abuse, and drug addiction lead to brain dysfunction, which can decrease the quality of life and academic performance as well as increase the vulnerability of developing chronic diseases. To date, there has been little research to determine whether sexual orientation influences the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and methamphetamine use. Focusing on youth, the relationship between BMI, methamphetamine use, and sexual orientation were examined in this study through secondary data analysis of the Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System in Chicago. Guided …
Lifestyle Factors And Social Determinants As Predictors Of Weight/Body Mass Index, Uthman Alhaji Baba
Lifestyle Factors And Social Determinants As Predictors Of Weight/Body Mass Index, Uthman Alhaji Baba
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity is a major public health concern that includes the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and premature death in adults. Previous studies have established the relationship between gender, educational level, household income and respondents’ weight but additional research is needed to factor the nature of education in relation to gender differences, diet, and other important behavioral mediators such as social determinants. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study is to determine the extent to which frequency of physical activity, household income, social determinants of health (money for balanced meals, finances at the end of month, and poor mental health), respondent …
Risks For Hiv Infection Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women In Mozambique, Isabelle Casavant
Risks For Hiv Infection Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women In Mozambique, Isabelle Casavant
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) living in Sub-Saharan African countries constitute 17% of the population, yet they account for one third of all new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. To prevent HIV infections among AGYW, it is necessary to understand why they are disproportionally infected. The purpose of the dissertation was to identify risk for HIV among AGYW living in a southern district of Mozambique. The analysis was driven by the Modified Socio Ecological Model and performed using a quantitative dataset collected for the Chokwe Combination Prevention of HIV (N=3354). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess whether an …
Impact Of Education On Hiv Testing Among African American Women In The United States, Florence Matimbah Mbangowah
Impact Of Education On Hiv Testing Among African American Women In The United States, Florence Matimbah Mbangowah
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Improved and increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among African American women in the United States could facilitate early detection of the virus. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to determine if there was a significant association between HIV testing participation and education level (i.e., high school, college, post-college level) based on access to healthcare after accounting for insurance, income, employment, marital status, English language proficiency, and vision quality. The integrated theory of health behavior change, the theoretical framework used for this research, proposes that changes in health behavior can be improved by various factors such as fostering …
Health Behaviors Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption, Physical Activity, And Breast Cancer Among African American Women, Nicole Ekoue
Health Behaviors Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption, Physical Activity, And Breast Cancer Among African American Women, Nicole Ekoue
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Breast cancer incidence is suddenly increasing among African American women. Recent studies indicate that health behaviors are thought to confer important health benefits and have the potential to lowering breast cancer incidence. Guided by the social ecological model, the purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between health behaviors of fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, and physical activity and breast cancer after adjusting for age, body mass index, and smoker status. Social support and income level were assessed as modifiers. Using the 2012 to 2017 Health Information and National Trends Survey data, this study was conducted with …
Health Literacy And Diabetes Among Refugee Women Residing In Arizona, Aline Nina Indatwa
Health Literacy And Diabetes Among Refugee Women Residing In Arizona, Aline Nina Indatwa
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is limited research available linking health literacy and diabetes knowledge to poor health outcomes among refugees. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of health literacy and diabetes knowledge and examine whether different factors (age, education, employment status, number of years lived with diabetes and length of stay since resettlement) are associated with health literacy and diabetes knowledge. A cross-sectional study was performed among 82 refugee women with a known diagnosis of diabetes and residing in Maricopa County, Arizona. A modified two part questionnaire (self-reported health literacy extracted from the European Health Literacy Questionnaire [HLS-EU-Q16] and …
Impact Of Demographic Characteristics And Therapy On Tuberculosis Incident Cases, Iliedor Garcon
Impact Of Demographic Characteristics And Therapy On Tuberculosis Incident Cases, Iliedor Garcon
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
For more than two decades, tuberculosis (TB) has ranked second among the top killers of infectious diseases, with an estimated 10.4 million incident cases in 2018. Demographic characteristics and drug susceptibility influence TB incidence worldwide. Using a retrospective cohort design, the purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate whether race/ethnicity, age, sex (gender), therapy completion within one year (COT), and testing for isoniazid and rifampin susceptibility (TIRS) were predictors of 672 cases of TB in New York-Newark-Jersey City from 1993 to 2017. Guided by the epidemiological triad theory, this research was conducted using a secondary TB dataset from the …
Mandibular Attachment Device Effects On African American Veterans With Heart Failure, Tracey T. F. Carter
Mandibular Attachment Device Effects On African American Veterans With Heart Failure, Tracey T. F. Carter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Heart failure is a growing epidemic that affects people nationwide and is disproportionate to African Americans. The purpose of this quantitative repeated measures study was to determine whether mandibular attachment device (MAD) therapy impacts symptoms of heart failure in African American male veterans diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The oxidative stress theory was applied in this study to assess whether MAD therapy received from Veterans Affairs (VA) dental clinics impacted heart failure symptoms, after controlling for patient body mass index (BMI) levels and smoking status. Research questions examined whether MAD had a significant effect on symptoms of heart failure …
Predictors Of The Health Effects Of Marijuana Use On The Hepatic Function, Makafui Kokou Gbogbo
Predictors Of The Health Effects Of Marijuana Use On The Hepatic Function, Makafui Kokou Gbogbo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The quantity of marijuana use, the length of time it was used, and the age of initiation of the drug are at the core of the discussions about the potential health effects of marijuana use on the liver. Results of recent studies regarding how the drug affects human health have resulted in a number of conflicting conclusions. Nevertheless, based on these findings, marijuana users are being denied liver transplants. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of the health effects of marijuana on the liver and provide guidance in the care management of marijuana users. To address the …