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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Organisms
Phylogenomics Of Reichenowia Parasitica, An Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbiont Of The Freshwater Leech Placobdella Parasitica, Sebastian Kvist, Apurva Narechania, Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa, Bella Fuks, Mark E. Siddall
Phylogenomics Of Reichenowia Parasitica, An Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbiont Of The Freshwater Leech Placobdella Parasitica, Sebastian Kvist, Apurva Narechania, Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa, Bella Fuks, Mark E. Siddall
Publications and Research
Although several commensal alphaproteobacteria form close relationships with plant hosts where they aid in (e.g.,) nitrogen fixation and nodulation, only a few inhabit animal hosts. Among these, Reichenowia picta, R. ornata and R. parasitica, are currently the only known mutualistic, alphaproteobacterial endosymbionts to inhabit leeches. These bacteria are harbored in the epithelial cells of the mycetomal structures of their freshwater leech hosts, Placobdella spp., and these structures have no other obvious function than housing bacterial symbionts. However, the function of the bacterial symbionts has remained unclear. Here, we focused both on exploring the genomic makeup of R. parasitica and on …
African Elephants Change Gaits When Walking Downhill, Robert H.I. Dale, Robert Warren, Brock Ward, Eric Noble
African Elephants Change Gaits When Walking Downhill, Robert H.I. Dale, Robert Warren, Brock Ward, Eric Noble
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
Abstract from the International Elephant and Rhino Conservation and Research Symposium, Rotterdam, NL, October 10-14, 2011.
Action Spectrum For Photoentrainment Of The Circadian Clock In Wild-Type Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Jennifer Forbes=Stovall
Action Spectrum For Photoentrainment Of The Circadian Clock In Wild-Type Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Jennifer Forbes=Stovall
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The circadian clock is an endogenous timer that oscillates with a period of approximately 24 hours and is reset upon environmental time cues such as the daily light/ dark or temperature cycles. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an ideal model organism for research on the circadian clock, because it shows several well-characterized behaviors that exhibit a circadian rhythm. Its circadian rhythm of phototaxis (swimming toward light) has been automated. Former action spectrum studies using the circadian phototaxis rhythm as an indicator surprisingly found that pulses of blue light were not effective in resetting the circadian clock of dark-adapted cells. This may have …
Multistate Mark-Recapture Analysis Reveals No Effect Of Blood Sampling On Survival And Recapture Of Eastern Kingbirds (Tyrannus Tyrannus), Lucas J. Redmond, Michael T. Murphy
Multistate Mark-Recapture Analysis Reveals No Effect Of Blood Sampling On Survival And Recapture Of Eastern Kingbirds (Tyrannus Tyrannus), Lucas J. Redmond, Michael T. Murphy
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The experimentally supported and prevailing opinion is that blood sampling has few to no long-term effects on survival of birds when conducted properly, and blood sampling has become a vital addition to the toolbox of many ornithologists. However, many of the studies that concluded that blood sampling had negligible effects on birds used approaches that did not account for temporary emigration and probability of capture. To date, the only study to have done so found that blood sampling had a strong negative effect on survival. We conducted a mark–recapture analysis of 8 years of banding and bleeding data on Eastern …
Metacaspase Gene Function In The Mushroom Fungus Schizophyllum Commune, Matthew P. Hanley
Metacaspase Gene Function In The Mushroom Fungus Schizophyllum Commune, Matthew P. Hanley
Honors Theses
The overall goal of this project was to investigate the biological role of a putative metacaspase gene present in the mushroom fungus Schizophyllum commune. For this study, we have utilized a strain of S. commune that is unable to integrate DNA via the non-homologous end joining pathway. This forces transforming DNA to integrate homologously, as is required for the purposes of gene knockout. The gene Scp1 encodes a likely member of the metacaspase protein family, which are suspected to have activity similar to caspases, the latter crucial to programmed cell death. A knockout construct containing a non-functional version of Scp1 …
Intermediate Filaments Regulate Tissue Size And Stiffness In The Murine Lens, Douglas S. Fudge, John V. Mccuaig, Shannon Van Stralen, John F. Hess, Huan Wang, Richard T. Mathias, Paul G. Fitzgerald
Intermediate Filaments Regulate Tissue Size And Stiffness In The Murine Lens, Douglas S. Fudge, John V. Mccuaig, Shannon Van Stralen, John F. Hess, Huan Wang, Richard T. Mathias, Paul G. Fitzgerald
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
PURPOSE. To define the contributions of the beaded filament (BF), a lens-specific intermediate filament (IF), to lens morphology and biomechanics.
METHODS. Wild-type and congenic CP49 knockout (KO) mice were compared by using electrophysiological, biomechanical, and morphometric approaches, to determine changes that occurred because of the absence of this cytoskeletal structure.
RESULTS. Electrophysiological assessment established that the fiber cells lacking the lens-specific IFs were indistinguishable from wild-type fiber cells. The CP49 KO mice exhibited lower stiffness, and an unexpected higher resilience than the wildtype lenses. The absence of these filaments resulted in lenses that were smaller, and exhibited a higher ratio …
Spiroplasma Eriocheiris Sp. Nov., Associated With Mortality In The Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis, Wen Wang, Wei Gu, Gail E. Gasparich, Keran Bi, Jiangtao Ou, Qingguo Meng, Tingming Liang, Qi Feng, Jianqiong Zhang, Ying Zhang
Spiroplasma Eriocheiris Sp. Nov., Associated With Mortality In The Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis, Wen Wang, Wei Gu, Gail E. Gasparich, Keran Bi, Jiangtao Ou, Qingguo Meng, Tingming Liang, Qi Feng, Jianqiong Zhang, Ying Zhang
Gail Gasparich
Giant Viruses, James L. Van Etten
Giant Viruses, James L. Van Etten
James Van Etten Publications
The common view of viruses, mostly true, is of tiny burglars that sneak into cells, grab the biosynthetic controls and compel the cell to make huge numbers of progeny that break out of the cell and keep the replication cycle going. Viruses are supposed to be diminutive even compared to cells that are just a micrometer (1,000 nanometers) in diameter. They are supposed to travel light, making do with just a few well-adapted genes.
In 1992, a new microorganism was isolated from a power-plant cooling tower in Bradford, England, where Timothy Robotham, a microbiologist at Leeds Public Health Laboratory, was …
Minimal Art: Or Why Small Viral K+ Channels Are Good Tools For Understanding Basic Structure And Function Relations, Gerhard Thiel, Dirk Baumeister, Indra Schroeder, Stefan M. Kast, James L. Van Etten, Anna Moroni
Minimal Art: Or Why Small Viral K+ Channels Are Good Tools For Understanding Basic Structure And Function Relations, Gerhard Thiel, Dirk Baumeister, Indra Schroeder, Stefan M. Kast, James L. Van Etten, Anna Moroni
James Van Etten Publications
Some algal viruses contain genes that encode proteins with the hallmarks of K+ channels. One feature of these proteins is that they are less than 100 amino acids in size, which make them truly minimal for a K+ channel protein. That is, they consist of only the pore module present in more complex K+ channels. The combination of miniature size and the functional robustness of the viral K+ channels make them ideal model systems for studying how K+ channels work. Here we summarize recent structure/function correlates from these channels, which provide insight into functional properties such as gating, pharmacology and …
Functional Hak/Kup/Kt-Like Potassium Transporter Encoded By Chlorella Viruses, Timo Greiner, José Ramos, Maria C. Alvarez, James Gurnon, Ming Kang, James L. Van Etten, Anna Moroni, Gerhard Thiel
Functional Hak/Kup/Kt-Like Potassium Transporter Encoded By Chlorella Viruses, Timo Greiner, José Ramos, Maria C. Alvarez, James Gurnon, Ming Kang, James L. Van Etten, Anna Moroni, Gerhard Thiel
James Van Etten Publications
Chlorella viruses are a source of interesting membrane transport proteins. Here we examine a putative K+ transporter encoded by virus FR483 and related chlorella viruses. The protein shares sequence and structural features with HAK/KUP/KT-like K+ transporters from plants, bacteria and fungi. Yeast complementation assays and Rb+ uptake experiments show that the viral protein, termed HAKCV (high-affinity K+ transporter of chlorella virus), is functional, with transport characteristics that are similar to those of known K+ transporters. Expression studies revealed that the protein is expressed as an early gene during viral replication, and proteomics data indicate that it is not packaged in …
Polyethylenimine-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles: Gene Transfer Potential And Low Toxicity In The Cornea, Ajay Sharma, Ashish Tandon, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Rangan Gupta, J. David Robertson, Jennifer A. Fortune, Alexander M. Klibanov, John W. Cowden, Frank G. Rieger, Rajiv R. Mohan
Polyethylenimine-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles: Gene Transfer Potential And Low Toxicity In The Cornea, Ajay Sharma, Ashish Tandon, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Rangan Gupta, J. David Robertson, Jennifer A. Fortune, Alexander M. Klibanov, John W. Cowden, Frank G. Rieger, Rajiv R. Mohan
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
This study examined the gene transfer efficiency and toxicity of 2-kDa polyethylenimine conjugated to gold nanoparticles (PEI2-GNP) in the human cornea in vitro and rabbit cornea in vivo. PEI2-GNP with nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N/P) ratios of up to 180 exhibited significant transgene delivery in the human cornea without altering the viability or phenotype of these cells. Similarly, PEI2-GNP applied to corneal tissues collected after 12 h, 72 h, or 7 days exhibited appreciable gold uptake throughout the rabbit stroma with gradual clearance of GNP over time. Transmission electron microscopy detected GNP in the keratocytes and the extracellular matrix of the rabbit corneas. …
Significant Inhibition Of Corneal Scarring In Vivo With Tissue-Selective, Targeted Aav5 Decorin Gene Therapy, Rajiv R. Mohan, Ashish Tandon, Ajay Sharma, John W. Cowden, Jonathan C. K. Tovey
Significant Inhibition Of Corneal Scarring In Vivo With Tissue-Selective, Targeted Aav5 Decorin Gene Therapy, Rajiv R. Mohan, Ashish Tandon, Ajay Sharma, John W. Cowden, Jonathan C. K. Tovey
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
PURPOSE. This study tested a hypothesis that tissue-selective targeted decorin gene therapy delivered to the stroma with adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5) inhibits corneal fibrosis in vivo without significant side effects.
METHODS. An in vivo rabbit model of corneal fibrosis was used. Targeted decorin gene therapy was delivered to the rabbit cornea by a single topical application of AAV5 (100 L; 6.5 1012 g/mL) onto the bare stroma for 2 minutes. The levels of corneal fibrosis were determined with stereomicroscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy, -smooth muscle actin ( SMA), fibronectin, and F-actin immunocytochemistry, and/or immunoblotting. CD11b, F4/80 immunocytochemistry, and TUNEL assay …
Efficacious And Safe Tissue-Selective Controlled Gene Therapy Approaches For The Cornea, Rajiv R. Mohan, Sunilima Sinha, Ashish Tandon, Rangan Gupta, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Ajay Sharma
Efficacious And Safe Tissue-Selective Controlled Gene Therapy Approaches For The Cornea, Rajiv R. Mohan, Sunilima Sinha, Ashish Tandon, Rangan Gupta, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Ajay Sharma
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
Untargeted and uncontrolled gene delivery is a major cause of gene therapy failure. This study aimed to define efficient and safe tissue-selective targeted gene therapy approaches for delivering genes into keratocytes of the cornea in vivo using a normal or diseased rabbit model. New Zealand White rabbits, adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5), and a minimally invasive hair-dryer based vector-delivery technique were used. Fifty microliters of AAV5 titer (6.561012 vg/ml) expressing green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) was topically applied onto normal or diseased (fibrotic or neovascularized) rabbit corneas for 2-minutes with a custom vector-delivery technique. Corneal fibrosis and neovascularization in rabbit …
Targeted Decorin Gene Therapy Delivered With Adeno-Associated Virus Effectively Retards Corneal Neovascularization In Vivo, Rajiv R. Mohan, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Ajay Sharma, Gregory S. Schultz, John W. Cowden, Ashish Tandon
Targeted Decorin Gene Therapy Delivered With Adeno-Associated Virus Effectively Retards Corneal Neovascularization In Vivo, Rajiv R. Mohan, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Ajay Sharma, Gregory S. Schultz, John W. Cowden, Ashish Tandon
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
Decorin, small leucine-rich proteoglycan, has been shown to modulate angiogenesis in nonocular tissues. This study tested a hypothesis that tissue-selective targeted decorin gene therapy delivered to the rabbit stroma with adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5) impedes corneal neovascularization (CNV) in vivo without significant side effects. An established rabbit CNV model was used. Targeted decorin gene therapy in the rabbit stroma was delivered with a single topical AAV5 titer (100 μl; 5x10^12 vg/ml) application onto the stroma for two minutes after removing corneal epithelium. The levels of CNV were examined with stereomicroscopy, H&E staining, lectin, collagen type IV, CD31 immunocytochemistry and …