Organisms Commons^™

Microbiological Study In A Gneissic Cave From Sri Lanka, With Special Focus On Potential Antimicrobial Activities, Ethige Isuru P. Silva, Pathmakumara Jayasingha, Saman Senanayake, Anura Dandeniya, Dona Helani Munasinghe

International Journal of Speleology

The emergence of antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis, thus the search for novel antimicrobial compounds has become a continuous necessity. Underexplored and extreme environments, such as cave ecosystems, have been identified as a promising potential source for the discovery of novel microorganisms with novel antimicrobial compounds (AMC). This study presents the first cave microbiological investigation in Sri Lanka, with a special preference for bioprospecting of novel AMC. The cave sediment characterization demonstrated the presence of close to strong acidic conditions (pH 3.1 – 3.3) and thus indicates the possibility of isolating acidophilic microorganisms. Eight cave wall/ceiling fungal strains …

Iac Gene Expression In The Indole-3-Acetic Acid-Degrading Soil Bacterium Enterobacter Soli Lf7, Isaac V. Greenhut, Beryl L. Slezak, Johan H. J. Leveau

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

We show for soil bacterium Enterobacter soli LF7 that the possession of an indole-3-acetic acid catabolic (iac) gene cluster is causatively linked to the ability to utilize the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as a carbon and energy source. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling by mRNA sequencing revealed that these iac genes, chromosomally arranged as iacHABICDEFG and coding for the transformation of IAA to catechol, were the most highly induced (>29-fold) among the relatively few (iac cluster were genes for a major facilitator superfamily protein (mfs) and enzymes of the β-ketoadipate pathway (pcaIJD-catBCA), which channels …

Regional Trends In Early-Monsoon Rainfall Over Vietnam And Ccsm4 Attribution, Rong Li, S.-Y. Simon Wang, Robert R. Gillies, Brendan Buckley, Jin-Ho Yoon, Changrae Cho

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

The analysis of precipitation trends for Vietnam revealed that early-monsoon precipitation has increased over the past three decades but to varying degrees over the northern, central and southern portions of the country. Upon investigation, it was found that the change in early-monsoon precipitation is associated with changes in the low-level cyclonic airflow over the South China Sea and Indochina that is embedded in the large-scale atmospheric circulation associated with a “La Niña-like” anomalous sea surface temperature pattern with warming in the western Pacific and Indian Oceans and cooling in the eastern Pacific. The Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) …

Reducing Equifinality Using Isotopes In A Process-Based Stream Nitrogen Model Highlights The Flux Of Algal Nitrogen From Agricultural Streams, William I. Ford, James F. Fox, Erik Pollock

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The fate of bioavailable nitrogen species transported through agricultural landscapes remains highly uncertain given complexities of measuring fluxes impacting the fluvial N cycle. We present and test a new numerical model named Technology for Removable Annual Nitrogen in Streams For Ecosystem Restoration (TRANSFER), which aims to reduce model uncertainty due to erroneous parameterization, i.e., equifinality, in stream nitrogen cycle assessment and quantify the significance of transient and permanent removal pathways. TRANSFER couples nitrogen elemental and stable isotope mass‐balance equations with existing hydrologic, hydraulic, sediment transport, algal biomass, and sediment organic …

The Effects That Liquid And Solid Cattle Manure Have On The Water Quality Of Drainage Ditches In Putnam County, Ohio, Janelle Horstman

Honors Projects

Lake Erie has experienced harmful algal blooms with increased frequency since the mid-1990s due to excess nutrients from Rivers, such as the Maumee River, and largely agricultural watersheds. Nonpoint source pollution from agriculture contributes to eutrophication, algal blooms, and the degradation of water quality. This creates stress on aquatic fauna, reduced aesthetic quality, odor, and limits of the water for usage of drinking, recreation, and industry. This research paper asks what the contributions of having access to manure application records, soil records, and information about antibiotics have on what is known about manure management and antibiotic resistance, which has been …

Pulse And Canola Frost Identification:The Back Pocket Guide, Craig White

Bulletins 4000 -

This field guide will help you identify the common symptoms of frost damage in pulse and canola crops. It also contains pictures of other plant symptoms often confused with frost damage in these crops.

Frost damage reduces crop yield and grain quality. Early identification of symptoms allows timely crop salvage decisions to be made.

Inspect pulse and canola crops between bud formation and during pod growth if right air temperature (recorded 1.2 m above ground) falls below 2 degrees celsius and there was a frost.

Check low lying, light coloured soil types and known frost prone areas first. Then check …

High Input Barley Production Systems In The High Rainfall Zone., G. J. Parlevliet

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Barley systems in the high rainfall zone effect of nitrogen fungicides and seeding rate on barley yield, 87BR2.

Long Season Wheat, W. R. Smith, K. Anderson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Agronomy of long season wheats, 87AL9, 87AL10, 87ES3, 87ES4, 87JE2, 87JE3, 87MT8, 87MT9 and 87NA9. Septoria control in long season wheat, 87E4 and 87MT10. Nitrogen response by long season wheat, 87ES5 and 87JE4. Phenology of long season wheats, 87E5 and 87MT11.

Grain Legumes Evaluation., G. H. Walton, T. R. Trent

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin agronomy, 87AL14. Nitrogen fertilizer for legume crops, 87BA2. Pea variety evaluation, 87C59, 87M08, 87ME1, 87N012, 87SG8, 87KA7, 87N2. Interstate pea variety trials, 87N096, 87N099, 87KA6. Disease Resistance Pea Variety Testing, 87JE1. Grain legume species comparisons, 87A2, 87C2, 87KA37, 87M09, 87MA1, 87NA15. Legume species variety trials, 87LG2. Faba bean evaluation, 87MC34 and 87KA8. Faba bean 'synthetic' variety yield trial, 87MC36. Faba bean screening nursery, 87MC35. Preliminary agronomy of faba bean, chickpea and lentil, 87A21. Seeding date, 87A22. Legume species herbicide tolerance, 87KA82.

Fungicide Testing, M. J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicidal control of Phoma blackstem disease in medic, 86 KA 11. Medic cultivar susceptibility to Phoma blackstem disease, 85 KA 56. Role of Phoma seed infection in medic, 85 KA 57. Effect of soil pasteurization on damage caused by six fungal root pathogens, 86 PE 53. Susceptibility of 18 sub-clover cultivars to isolates of the clover scorch fungus, Kabatiella caulivora, 86 PE 54. Effect of plant age or growth stage of subterranean clover on susceptibility to infection by the clover scorch fungus, Kabatiella caulivora, 86 PE 55. Susceptibility of rapeseed lines to blackleg crown canker, 86 MT 1, 86 MT …

Foliar Wheat Diseases And Cereal Smuts., R. Loughman, A. E. Twigg

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Chemical control of leaf spots of wheat, 86BA41, 86MT49. Semi-natural inoculum for plant breeders plots, 86MD2. Chemical control of soil-borne flag smut, 86ME73, 86M032. Chemical control of barley loose smut, 86AL50, 86KA59, 86MT47. Chemical control of loose smut in barley with different levels of seed infections, 86MT48. Disease characterisation of cereal variety trial stage 4 sites.

Lupin Root Rot, Lupin Hypocotyl Rot, Rhizoctonia Coleoptile Rot Of Wheat, Rhizoctonia Root Rots In Long Term Wheat-Pasture Rotation Trials., M. Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin Root Rot: 86Cl4, 86WH15, 86ME85, 86LG63, 85C63, 86WH14. Lupin Hypocotyl rot, 86BA49, 86BA21. Rhizoctonia coleoptile rot of wheat, 86BA19, 86BA20 Rhizoctonia root rots in long term wheat-pasture rotation trials.

Effect Of Pasture Spraying On Gall Development., V. Nieman

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Sprays with low rates of desiccant herbicide just after head emergence has been shown to control development of toxicity in the same year. The trial was conducted to compare the effect of herbicides with different modes of action on control of toxicity and seed set. 85KA65.

Disease Rating System., M Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin hypocotyl rot trials, 85BA29, 85BA30, 85BA31, 85N054. Lupin root rot trials, 85WH31, 85WH32, 85WH52. Lupin root disease survey - Moora District. Common Root Rot studies, 82M26.

Root And Foliar Diseases Of Wheat On Sandplain In The Geraldton Region., J. Wilson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

A project funded by Wheat Industry Research Council and Wheat Industry Research Committee of W.A. Interactions between stubble, rotation, ripping and nitrogen, ECRS, 85C53. The effect of type of cultivation implement, and time of cultivation, ECRS, 85C54. The effect of fumigation, ECRS, 85C91. Residual ripping responses from 1984, 84C15.

Studies On The Effects Of Nutrition And Tillage Systems On Cereal Root Diseases., R. F. Brennan

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Micronutrients (Cu, Zn) and take-all, 83ES39, 83ES40. Nitrogen and Phosphorus rates and take-all, 83ES41, 83ES42, 83ES43. Split applications of Nitrogen and take-all, 84N1. Take-all and Manganese/Ammonium interaction, 84E1. Split applications of Nitrogen and take-all, 84E2. Cu residual on wheat and take-all, 67E9, 67E8. Take-all and Manganese/Ammonium interaction, 84LG2. Cultivation depths and timing effects on Rhizoctonia, 84E24. Chemical fallow and cultivation effects on Rhizoctonia, 85E33. Effects of cultivation depths and machines on Rhizoctonia and yield, 85E29.

Low Tillering Cereals, Early Maturity Of Cereals, Cereal Variety And Reduced Branching Lupins., R. Delane, J. Hamblin

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 85C62 - growth and water use of low tillering cereals. Trial 85C62 - yield potential of low tillering cereals. Trial WEUNI - response of low tillering breeding lines and standard varieties to sowing rate. Trial 85C45 - effect of flowering date, seeding rate, deep tillage and applied nitrogen on yield of barley. Trial 85C61 - wheat variety x management interaction on sandplain. Trial 85C55 - growth and water use of reduced branching lupins. Trial 85C56 - normal and reduced branching lupins - planting density response.

Effect Of Soil Type On Relative Crop Yields, Effect Of Seeding Time On Pea And Lupin Yields, Effect Of Seeding Rate On Field Pea Yields, Studies In Legume Nodulation And Response Of Cereals In The Year Following Legumes., R. French

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trials 85M36, 85M37, 85M38, 85M39. Trials 8SJE17, 85KA62, 85N20, 85ME42, 85ME43, 85ME44, 85WH48. Trials 85KA63, 85M33. Trials 85M32, 85M34, 85M35. Trials 84M50, 84M51, 84M52.

Cercospora Disease Of Subterranean Clover, Root Rot, Cereal Smuts, Rapeseed Diseases, M J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Cercospora disease of subterranean clover: - . Susceptibility to and losses from cercospora on sub-clover cultivars. Locality: Bibby Springs, Cervantes. (84M073, 84M075, 84M076). Subterranean clover root rot: - Seed treatments for root rot control. Locality: Albany (84AL39); Scott River (84 BU11). Fungicide drenches for root rot control. Locality: Perth (84PE22) using intact cores from Albany and Scott River. Cultivar screening for resistance to root rot fungi. Locality: Perth (84PE24) with field plantings at Albany and Scott River. Methyl bromide fumigation for control of sub-clover root rot. Locality: Vasse Research Station (84V15). Two sites. Cereal smuts – Fungicidal control of loose …

Studies On The Effects Of Nutrition And Tillage Systems On Cereal Root Diseases, R F. Brennan

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Split Applications of Nitrogen and Take-all 84N1. 2. Split Applications of Nitrogen and Take-all 84E2. 3. Split Applications of Nitrogen and Take-all 84MT4. 4. Split Applications of Nitrogen and Take-all 84LG1. 5. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates and Take-all 83ES41. 6. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates and Take-all 83ES42. 7. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates and Take-all 83ES43. 8. Micronutrients (Cu, Zn) and Take-all 83ES39. 9. Micronutrients (Cu, Zn) and Take-all 83ES40. 10. Cu Residual on Wheat and Take-all 67E9. 11. Cu Residual on wheat and Take-all 67E8. 12. Take-all and Manganese/Ammonium Interaction 84LG2. 13. Take-all and Manganese/Ammonium Interaction 84MT5. 14. Take-all …

Foliar Disease Of Wheat, A. G. P. Brown

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Wheat leaf diseases were at much reduced levels in 1984. This may have been caused by prolonged summer rain prematurely setting off dispersal of spores and also initiating microbiological breakdown of stubble residues. No survey was carried out in 1984 but a good indication of the seasonal effect can be gained by noting that in the spray-timing experiment at Badgingarra disease levels were extremely low until the end of August some 90 days after sowing. Timing of fungicide for Septoria and Yellow Spot control. 84BA32, 84GE59. Effect of Yellow-spot at Merredin (with S. Trevenen) 84ME57. Yellow-spot is common though not …

Control Of Black Spot; Peas, Potatoes, Lettuce, Eleanor M. Carter

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Please find attached summaries for all experiments completed as at February 1, 1985. Crop Trial number Title Status Peas - 84MT49 Control of black spot Completed. Potatoes - 84PE25 Varietal susceptibility - Powdery scab Completed 84MD46 Varietal susceptibility to soft rot Erwinia Completed 84PE31 Yield loss and disease damage of potatoes due to Erwinia species Aborted 84MD37, 84PE32, 84PE33: Incidence of soft rot Erwinia in potato/cauliflower rotations Completed 84MN31 Yield loss and disease damage of potatoes due to Erwinia species Continuing 84MN32 Varietal susceptibility to soft rot Erwinia Continuing 84MN33 Incidence of soft rot Erwinia in potato crops Continuing Lettuce …

Take-All Of Cereals. Rhizoctonia Patch Of Cereals, G C. Macnish

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Part 1. A. Take all of cereals: Effect of nitrogen sources on take-all. 76LG25 (N = 50kg/ha) 82NE34. 77E4 (N = 25kg/ha). 77MT19 (N = 45 kg/ha). B. RHIZOCTONIA PATCH OF CEREALS: Rhizoctonia patch on lupins - 82E17. Abbreviations used: D - Drilled with seed G.S. - Growth stage based on H. Fisher scale NA - Not available N – Nitrogen P - Phosphorus TA - Take-all TD - Topdressed D.D. - Direct drilled T.D.D. - Triple disc drill As - Ammonium sulphate An - Ammonium nitrate (Agran 34) Sn - Sodium nitrate Ag1 - Agras No. 1 Ag2 - …

Pleiochaeta Soil Survey, M Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Pleiochaeta soil survey - Moora District, March 1984. 2. Lupin root rot trials - 84A40, 84BA26, 84GE50, 84GE56, 84MO82, 85NO59, 84WH28. 3. Fungicides for Rhizoctonia patch control - 84E25, 84E28. 4. 83WH29 : Effect of rotation on wheat diseases. 5. Root disease in long term wheat-lupin rotation trials - 68E5, 79GE37, 80TS2, 81LG29, 82M26.

Chemical Efficacy Trials, E Carter

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Please find attached summaries for the following six chemical efficacy trials:- 83PE51 - Control of powdery scab of potatoes. 83MD7 - Control of early blight of tomatoes. 83MD11 - Control of sclerotinia in lettuce. 83MD12 - Control of secondary black rot in cabbage. 83MD13 - Control of tuber-borne Rhizoctonia solari of potatoes. 83MD14 - Control of downy mildew of onions. The following trial has not yet been harvested:- 83MD15 - Chemical control of onion smudge.

Barley Foliage Diseases, T N. Khan, K. Brain, M Judges

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

General comments and highlights

Scald: Effect of time of application - 83BA10, 83MT9.

Scald: Effect of rate of fungicide – 83BA11.

Scald: Comparing fungicides – 83BA42.

Scald: Effect of seeding rate – 83BA12, 83MT10.

Scald: Response to fungicide in farmer's field – 83AL18, 83AL81, 83AL82.

Scald: Variation in pathogenicity – 83AB11, 83BA13, 83MT11, 83WH7.

Scald: Cultivar x fungicide in farmer's field – 83LG63.

Net Blotch: Potential yield losses – 83A15, 83BA15, 83WH6.

Net Blotch: Screening new fungicides – 83BA43.

Spot-type net blotch: Potential yield losses – 83C5.

Spot-type net blotch: Sources of resistance - Chapman Research Station, Nabawa.

Powdery mildew …

Survey Of Fungi Associated With Diseased Lupin Roots, M Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Survey of fungi associated with diseased lupin-roots. Cylindrocarpon was only encountered on the south coast (Albany and Esperance districts). The isolates were identified as c. didymum and c. destructans. At certain sites in the two northern districts (Geraldton and Moora) a distinct type of disorder, characterised by reddish-brown coloured lesions which develop on the below ground portion of the hypocotyl, was observed. 2. Assessment of lupin root disease in lupin permanent disease nurseries – 78WH20, 78BA51, 78C34, 78MT38, 80E21. 3. Effect of fungicide drenches on lupin root rots – 83MT17, 83WH9. 4. Mini plot seed treatment trials on lupins …

Lupin Diseases, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicide treatment of lupin seed - 83GE45, 83GE46, 83GE47. Fungicide treatment of lupin seed in polyculture - 83NO48, 83BU21. Levels of Pleiochaeta in different organic fractions - 83AL51 (2 sites). Phomopsis levels on post-harvest samples - 83AL51.

Summary Of Medic-Rhizobium Field Experiments, J G. Howieson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

83ME9 - Nutrition of R. meliloti in acid soil. - Meaningful results only available in 1984/85 Summary of Medic-Rhizobium Field Experiments 1983/84. 83ME87 - Effect of pH of culture conditions on survival in, and colonisation of, an acid soil by R. meliloti. - Meaningful results available 1984/85. (82ME22, 82ME22A, 82ME23) Survival and colonisation of acid soils by 18 strains of R. meliloti in association with 6 Medicago hosts. - Results discussed in this summary.

Summary Of Experimental Results 1982., M J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Cercospora disease of sub-clover fungicidal control of cercospora disease on sub-clover. 82M04, 82M05. Aim: To determine the efficacy of several fungicides in controlling Cercospora disease of subterranean clover. 82AL19, 82BU2. Aim: To test the effectiveness of various seed treatments for controlling seed-borne and soil-borne damping-off and root rot causing fungi so as to allow successful stand establishment in root rot affected areas. Rapeseed, yield losses from white leaf spot. 82MT4. Aim: To determine the yield losses from white leaf spot and grey stem (Pseudocercosporella capsellae) on a range of rapeseed varieties.Rapeseed effect of fungicides on white leaf spot of rapeseed. …