Nursing Commons^™

Are Adolescents Smoking Identities Valid Descriptors Of Their Smoking Behaviour? (2008), Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli, Chris G. Richardson, Pamela A. Ratner, Joy L. Johnson

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Background

•Smoking identities represent psychosocial constructions of how adolescents who smoke perceive themselves in relation to their smoking behaviour

•These smoking identities converge (or diverge) with established taxonomies used to describe youth smoking behaviour

•The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of adolescents’ ‘smoking identities’ by comparing them to established smoking behaviour categorizations and perceived addiction to tobacco

Action Required: Revisiting Better Practices In Smoking Cessation Interventions For Pregnant Girls And Women (2008), Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli, Lorraine Greaves, Joan Bottorff, Lenora Marcellus, Charmaine Enns, Richard Stanwick

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Background

•Despite considerable efforts by health care professionals, and an overall reduction in smoking prevalence, it is estimated that approximately 20% to 30% of pregnant women still smoke during pregnancy

•To date, smoking cessation interventions to reduce smoking during pregnancy and postpartum have been relatively unsuccessful. Despite the influx of research examining smoking and pregnancy over the last five years, the prevalence of smoking among pregnant and postpartum women has only slightly decreased

•Advice to quit smoking by health care providers, is associated with increased smoking cessation attempts in the general population. Also, studies have shown that smoking cessation interventions …

Living With Alzheimer’S Disease: A Study Of Adult Day Health Services In Massachusetts, Nina M. Silverstein, Cathy M. Wong, Kristen E. Brueck

Gerontology Institute Publications

The role of adult day health care (ADHC) is gaining increased attention as the nation prepares for the large cohort of baby boomers entering their later years. Many boomers are aging with physical and cognitive impairments, including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Projections indicate that Massachusetts, along with the nation as a whole, is experiencing an increasing rate of older persons as baby boomers enter late-life. The Commonwealth can expect that persons with Alzheimer's disease and their care partners will need community-based services that are specifically designed for adults with cognitive impairments. However, a report by the Robert Wood Johnson …

Childhood Sexual Abuse In Black Men Who Have Sex With Men: Results From Three Qualitative Studies., Sheldon Fields

Sheldon D. Fields

This report describes the high prevalence and context of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among Black men who have sex with men (MSM) across 3 independent qualitative studies. Semistructured one-on-one interviews were conducted with 87 Black MSM across 3 cities (Rochester, NY, n = 28; Lexington, KY /Atlanta, GA, n = 30; and Atlanta, GA, n = 29). A combined CSA prevalence of 32% (28/87) was found among the 3 samples, despite variation in geographic location, mean age, and sexual identification. Common themes emerging across the 3 samples included prolonged and repeated abuse by a close male relative; blaming of same-sex …

Unsafe Sexual Behaviors Among Hiv-Positive Men In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Krishna Poudel, Shinji Nakahara, Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar, Junko Yasuoka, Masamine Jimba

Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar

An All-Terrain Vehicle Safety Educational Program: Is It Effective In Improving Attitudes, Safety Knowledge, And Behaviors In Adolescents Ages 12 To 18?, Kim Elaine Young Vickous

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

All terrain vehicles (ATVs) are a popular source of recreation. For some rural adolescents, ATVs are frequently used for agricultural work. Whether for work or recreation, many adolescents operate ATVs improperly either from a lack of knowledge, poor judgment or they engage in risky behaviors resulting in injuries and fatalities.

The Kentucky Department of Agriculture (KDA) has devoted resources to provide ATV safety programs to educate adolescents statewide. However, there are no known studies evaluating the effectiveness of this KDA intervention. Therefore, a pilot study was proposed to determine the effectiveness of The KDA ATV safety program in improving ATV …

Validation Of A Short Questionnaire To Assess Mothers’ Perception Of Workplace Breastfeeding Support, Yeon Bai, C-Y Joanne Peng, Alyce D. Fly

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

The purpose of this study was to create and establish the validity of a short questionnaire to measure mothers' perceived support for breastfeeding from the workplace. The items in the workplace breastfeeding support scale (WBSS) were derived from a literature review. The scale was self-administered in central Indiana during the fall of 2005 to a convenience sample of 66 volunteers who were primiparous, 6 to 12 months postpartum, worked outside the home and had initiated breastfeeding prior to the survey. Internal consistency (α) and split-half reliability (r) test and factor analysis were done to establish reliability and construct …

Commencement Program 2008, Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | 2008 Events of Commencement

3 | The Academic Procession

4 | Significance of Academic Regalia

5 | The Good Samaritan

6 | The Speakers

14 | The University Honorees

24 | The School Honorees

35 | The Programs

36 | School of Medicine

47 | School of Pharmacy

52 | School of Dentistry

62 | School of Science and Technology and School of Religion

70 | School of Nursing

76 | School of Allied Health Professions - Physical Therapy

82 | School of Allied Health Professions

91 | School of Public Health

Is Reporting On Interventions A Weak Link In Understanding How And Why They Work? A Preliminary Exploration Using Community Heart Health Exemplars, Barbara Riley, Joanne Macdonald, Omaima Mansi, Anita Kothari, Donna Kurtz, Linda Vontettenborn, Nancy Edwards

Anita Kothari

Background: The persistent gap between research and practice compromises the impact of multi-level and multi-strategy community health interventions. Part of the problem is a limited understanding of how and why interventions produce change in population health outcomes. Systematic investigation of these intervention processes across studies requires sufficient reporting about interventions. Guided by a set of best processes related to the design, implementation, and evaluation of community health interventions, this article presents preliminary findings of intervention reporting in the published literature using community heart health exemplars as case examples.

Methods: The process to assess intervention reporting involved three steps: selection of …

Predictors Of Depressive And Anxiety Symptoms Among African American Hiv-Positive Women, Nina Katherine Sublette

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

This descriptive correlation study had four purposes: describe depressive and anxiety symptom levels in pregnant and non-pregnant African American (AA) HIV-positive women, examine the association between underlying vulnerabilities and depressive symptoms in HIV-positive AA women, determine the association between underlying vulnerabilities and anxiety symptoms in AA HIV-positive women, and determine the predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms among African American HIV-positive women. A convenience sample of 80 African American HIV-positive women was recruited from university-based obstetrics/-gynecology and infectious disease practices in a large metropolitan city in the Mid-South. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale …

Self-Efficacy, Physical Activity, And Aerobic Fitness In Middle School Children: Examination Of A Pedometer Intervention Program, Dana M. Manley

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among self-efficacy levels, physical activity, aerobic fitness, and body composition (relative body mass index; RBMI) and to determine whether a school-based pedometer intervention program would improve those variables and prevent weight gain in sixth and seventh graders in rural mid-South middle schools. Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory served as the theoretical basis for the study.Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test design was used. The sample, recruited from two rural middle schools in Kentucky, consisted of 116 sixth and seventh grade students (98% Caucasian, 51% male, age=11.65±0.71). Anthropometric assessment of height, weight, …

A Program To Change The Approach To Care Of Children With Asthma In The Primary Care Setting Did Not Reduce Rates Of Hospital Admissions: Lessons Learned From A Descriptive Study, Sheniz Moonie, Robert C. Strunk, Mario Castro

Environmental & Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Asthma is a critical global health issue. It affects people of all ages in countries throughout the world. The prevalence of asthma is increasing in most countries among young children who also represent the greatest proportion of health care utilization. Outpatient asthma-treatment programs managed by chest physicians or allergists have reduced hospitalizations, yet programs in pediatric offices have not successfully impacted hospitalizations. The Community Asthma Program (CAP) was designed to support pediatrician use of clinical guidelines in their everyday office practice. The goal was to reduce asthma hospitalizations by 15 percent from selected pediatric practices. A study was done in …

Smoking During Pregnancy More Common Among Girls And Young Women Under 35, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

No abstract provided.

Unsafe Sexual Behaviors Among Hiv-Positive Men In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Krishna Poudel, Shinji Nakahara, Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar, Junko Yasuoka, Masamine Jimba

Elaine Marieb College of Nursing Faculty Publication Series

We assessed unsafe sexual behaviors of the Nepalese HIV-positive men and their knowledge about the consequences of unsafe sex. We interviewed 167 participants recruited conveniently in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Of total, 125 participants (75%) had sex in the past 6 months, 47% of whom with multiple partners. Fiftyseven (46%) of 123 participants who had sex did not always use condoms; unsafe sex was common in seroconcordant or serodiscordant relationships or in serounknown relationships. Only 41% (50/123) participants knew about the possibility of HIV superinfection. Our results suggest the urgent need of HIV prevention interventions for the Nepalese HIV-positive men.

Nurses’ Experience Of Leadership In Assisted Living: A Situational Analysis, Carole H. Bergeron

Antioch University Full-Text Dissertations & Theses

This study concentrates on the voice of registered nurses as they describe their experiences of leadership within the nontraditional, non-institutional, non-hospital environment of assisted living. It further expounds upon regulatory and corporate information as context for the nurses’ leadership experiences. The desire to hear nurses describe their personal experiences of leadership influenced the decision to use grounded theory as a methodological process. The belief that voice requires context to be most effectively understood influenced, in turn, the addition of a situational analysis approach to the grounded theory methodology. As a result, interviews and scrutiny of contextual elements form the core …