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A New Transient Sham Tens Device Allows For Investigator Blinding While Delivering A True Placebo Treatment, Barbara Rakel, N. Cooper, H. Adams, B. Messer, L. Frey Law, D. Dannen, C. Miller, A. Polehna, R. Ruggle, C. Vance, D. Walsh, K. Sluka
A New Transient Sham Tens Device Allows For Investigator Blinding While Delivering A True Placebo Treatment, Barbara Rakel, N. Cooper, H. Adams, B. Messer, L. Frey Law, D. Dannen, C. Miller, A. Polehna, R. Ruggle, C. Vance, D. Walsh, K. Sluka
Barbara A. Rakel
This study compared a new transient sham transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) that delivers current for 45 seconds to an inactive sham and active TENS to determine the degree of blinding and influence on pain reduction. Pressure-pain thresholds (PPT), heat-pain thresholds (HPT), and pain intensities to tonic heat and pressure were measured in 69 healthy adults before and after randomization. Allocation investigators and subjects were asked to identify the treatment administered. The transient sham blinded investigators 100% of the time and 40% of subjects compared to the inactive sham that blinded investigators 0% of the time and 21% of subjects. …
Effectiveness Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation For Treatment Of Hyperalgesia And Pain, J. Desantana, D. Walsh, C. Vance, Barbara Rakel, K. Sluka
Effectiveness Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation For Treatment Of Hyperalgesia And Pain, J. Desantana, D. Walsh, C. Vance, Barbara Rakel, K. Sluka
Barbara A. Rakel
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a nonpharmacologic treatment for pain relief. TENS has been used to treat a variety of painful conditions. This review updates the basic and clinical science regarding the use of TENS that has been published in the past 3 years (ie, 2005-2008). Basic science studies using animal models of inflammation show changes in the peripheral nervous system, as well as in the spinal cord and descending inhibitory pathways, in response to TENS. Translational studies show mechanisms to prevent analgesic tolerance to repeated application of TENS. This review also highlights data from recent randomized, placebo-controlled trials …