Nanotechnology Commons^™

Accelerating Wound Healing Rates With Cucurbita Pepo Leaf Extract Loaded Electrospun Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)/Halloysite/Chitosan/ Caco₃ Composite Nanofibers Through In Vitro And In Vivo Assessments, Samar A. Salim

Nanotechnology Research Centre

Cucurbita pepo leaf extract (CPE) was incorporated into electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate)/ halloysite/chitosan/ CaCO₃ (PMMA/Hal/CS/CaCO₃) composite nanofibers to develop a novel biomaterial for accelerating wound healing rates. The different nanofibrous scaffolds were successfully fabricated and characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM analysis revealed uniform, smooth nanofibers, while FTIR and XRD confirmed the integration of CPE into nanofiber matrix, indicating an amorphous structure and effective dispersion of the extract. In vitro agar well-diffusion and antibiofilm assays revealed that the optimized formulation exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against wound-associated pathogens. The nanofibers composite based on …

Iron-Based Nanoparticles As Delivery Tools, Keykavous Parang, Rajesh Vadlapatla, Ajoy Koomer, Victoria Moran, Lanie Jackson, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Iron-based nanoparticles, particularly iron oxide nanostructures (IONPs), have emerged as versatile and clinically relevant platforms for drug delivery and theranostic applications. Among these, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), including magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃), are the most extensively investigated due to their biocompatibility, magnetic responsiveness, and established safety profiles. Their unique superparamagnetic behavior enables external magnetic-field-guided targeting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement, and magnetically triggered hyperthermia, enabling simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Surface functionalization with polymers, silica, lipids, peptides, and biomolecules further improves colloidal stability, circulation time, targeting specificity, and controlled drug …

Gadolinium Nanoparticles: Emerging Platforms Beyond Imaging For Drug Delivery And Theranostics, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rajesh Vadlapatla, Ajoy Koomer, Heyam Zayed, Paris Marabut, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Gadolinium nanoparticles (GdNPs) have gained increasing attention as multifunctional metal-based nanoplatforms that extend far beyond their traditional use as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Their specific magnetic properties, tunable physicochemical features, and tunable biocompatibilities with biocompatible coatings give them great potential as drug delivery and theranostic applications. They offer greater stability, lower systemic toxicity, and more surface modification options compared to molecular gadolinium chelates. The functionalized GdNPs not only show excellent properties as drug carriers for their specific indications but also serve as agents in various imaging modalities with superior therapeutic efficacy by means of radio sensitization and magnetically …

A Systematic Review On Niosomes: Composition, Preparation, And Applications, Sanket Gawade Mr., Sunil Attimarad, Vishakha Desai Ms.

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Conventional drug carrier systems are restricted owing to poor bioavailability, weak stability and non-specific localization, which causes systemic toxicities and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Niosomes, one of the nonionic surfactant vesicular systems, have been suggested that value to overcome these constraints. In this review, we give an account of recent progress in niosome research, highlighting their merits, composition, characterization, and applications.

Niosomes offer several advantages including increased drug bioavailability, targeted delivery and reduced toxicity. Bilayered niosomes can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, therefore allowing simultaneous delivery of actives components. We provide an overview of various techniques for niosome preparation including …

Investigating The Immunostimulatory Potential Of Dsrna-Silk Nanoparticle Complexes In Melanoma, Samuel J. Peters

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The rate of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in metastatic melanoma is quite high, with an overall rate of 70%. Melanoma achieves these high rates of resistance by suppressing the immune response in the tumour microenvironment (TME), making them immunologically “cold”. The type 1 interferon response could be leveraged to initiate immune responses in melanoma, making their “cold” TMEs “warm” again. Double-stranded ribonucleic acids (dsRNAs) are potent activators of an innate immune response; however, they are susceptible to degradation by nucleases present in the body and need a carrier. Silk nanoparticles (SNPs) are an ideal drug-delivery platform as they …

Development And Characterization Of Non-Viral Delivery Systems For Pulmonary Delivery Of Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Kasturi Siddhanta

Theses & Dissertations

The development of non-viral delivery systems for pulmonary delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics is driven by the need for safer and more accessible approaches to treat lung diseases, while avoiding the systemic side effects and immune responses associated with viral vectors. Such systems encompass both non-invasive inhalation-based platforms, and systemically administered platforms designed to achieve localized lung delivery. These strategies aim to enable high drug concentrations at the site of action, rapid onset of therapeutic effect, and greater therapeutic efficacy than existing treatments. Designing effective pulmonary delivery systems requires precise optimization of particle properties—including size, morphology, surface characteristics, cell-specific targeting, …

Selenium Nanoparticles As Versatile Delivery Tools, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rajesh Vadlapatla, Ajoy Koomer, Kyle Yep, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as promising metal-based nanoparticles for drug delivery due to their unique physicochemical properties, intrinsic bioactivity, and biocompatibility. SeNPs offer a lower toxicity, higher bioavailability, and flexibility to be customized for surface chemistry compared to traditional selenium compounds. Advances in synthetic strategies, including chemical reduction, green biosynthesis, and surface functionalization with polymers, peptides, or ligands, have improved their stability, targeting capability, and circulation time. SeNP-based systems have demonstrated unique anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, as they can function as drug carriers and active therapeutic agents. The surface of SeNPs has been functionalized with ligands such as …

Development And Optimization Of Moxifloxacin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Via Double Emulsion Organic Solvent Free Technique Applying Box–Behnken Experimental Design, Esraa M. Elshazly, Mona G. Arafa, Samia A. Nour

Pharmacy

The current research proposes the preparation of Moxifloxacin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles through a solvent-free double emulsion technique, to overcome chronic wound healing limitation. The independent variables: stearic acid, Span 80, and Tween 80 were optimized via Box–Behnken design, based on entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential (ZP), and particle size (PS). To statistically optimize the formulation variables, a three-factor, three-level (3³) design involving 15 runs was employed and optimization was carried out to attain maximum EE% and ZP and minimum PS yielding an overall desirability of 0.851. Results indicated that increasing stearic acid enhanced EE%, Span 80 increase PS, and Tween …

Peptide-Based Inorganic Nanoparticles As Efficient Intracellular Delivery Systems, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rajesh Vadlapatla, Ajoy Koomer, Anthony Nguyen, Vian Khoury, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background/Objectives: Peptide-based inorganic nanoparticles (PINPs) have emerged as promising candidates for intracellular delivery due to their unique structural and functional attributes. These hybrid nanostructures combine the high surface area and tunable optical/magnetic properties of metal cores (e.g., Au, Ag, Fe3O4) with the biocompatibility, targeting specificity, and responsive behavior of peptides. In particular, peptides with amphipathic or cell-penetrating features could facilitate efficient transport of molecular cargos across cellular membranes while enabling stimulus-responsive drug release in target tissues. Methods: We review key synthesis methods (especially green, peptide-mediated one-pot approaches), functionalization strategies (e.g., thiol-gold bonds, click chemistries), and characterization techniques (TEM, …

Investigating The Cytotoxic Effects Of Amino Acid-Based Ionic Liquids And Peg-Pla Nanoparticles On Mcf10a Human Breast Epithelial Cells For Drug Delivery Applications, Ella C. Mertins

Honors Theses

This study investigates the cytotoxic effects of polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid (PEG-PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) both bare and coated with choline-based ionic liquids (ILs) on MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. The goal was to evaluate how IL-modified NPs influence cell viability at varying concentrations and to assess their potential as drug delivery systems. Three choline-based ILs, Choline-L-Asparagine 1:1, Choline-DL-Isoleucinate 1:1, and Choline-L-Leucinate 1:1, were used as surface coatings for PEG-PLA NPs. Additionally, the ILs were tested independently to establish a baseline for their cytotoxicity. Using a luminescent ATP-based viability assay following the treatment of MCF10A cells, the ILs were found to be …

Application Of Bioactive Materials Primary Cilia As A Novel Delivery Vehicle, Ayan K. Barui, Farideh Amirrad, Vansh Goel, Sharareh Ohadi, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Ashraf M. Mohieldin, Andromeda M. Nauli, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Primary cilia are hair-like structured cell organelles functioning as cellular antennae with chemosensory and mechanosensory roles. Dysfunction of cilia results in ciliopathies, including renovascular diseases (polycystic kidneys, hypertension, aneurysm), mental impedances (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia), metabolic diseases (obesity, developmental skeleton defects), blindness, and so on. With a diameter of 150 nm, cilia can be cleaved, released and circulated in the body as injury biomarkers. We here assessed the potential use of isolated cilia as a novel delivery vehicle. Cilia were isolated from renal epithelial cells, and a specific-targeting chemotherapeutic was designed on the cilia. The data show a remarkable …

Valproic Acid Loaded Niosomal In Situ Gel: A Novel Approach For Epilepsy Treatment, Rutuja Bastapure, Akshay Gawali, Gopal Lohiya, Kranti Satpute, Mahesh Birajdar, Sameep Sonvane

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Valproic acid is an antiepileptic medication that is primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. This investigation was designed with three objectives in mind. First, improve the solubility and bioavailability of the BCS class II medicine valproic acid; second, make it easy to give the drug to an epileptic patient during an episode; and third, lower the dosage for long-term treatment. Niosomal formulations were optimized using various Tween and Span range ratios. The formulations were made using the ether injection method. The formulation's morphological characterization, entrapment efficiency, viscosity, and particle size were evaluated. Valproic acid niosomes prepared with Tween …

Development And Assessment Of Liposomal Nasal Spray For The Treatment Epilepsy, Sayali Dongare, Sushmaji Sontakke, Gopal Lohiya, Shoeb Syed, Rohit Sarda

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Abstract:

Background: Levetiracetam is a pyrrolidine class antiepileptic drug mainly used to treat epilepsy and seizures.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to synthesize a liposomal nasal spray incorporating levetiracetam for nose to brain delivery in epilepsy.

Materials and methods: The preparation method employed thin film hydration to prepare liposomes loaded with levetiracetam with lecithin and tween 80 at different concentrations. The liposome formed were characterized in terms of particle size and entrapment efficiency. Finally, the prepared liposomes were converted into nasal spray and characterized for drug content, pH, viscosity, in vitro release profile, clarity, Ex-vivo permeation study. …

Fluorescent Labeling And Size-Dependent Uptake Of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles In Ovarian Cancer Tumor Spheroids, Kimberly R. Berardis

Honors Scholar Theses

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with most patients presenting at an advanced stage. While surgical debulking improves survival, nonresectable tumors (<1 cm) contribute significantly to morbidity and remain difficult to treat. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems offer an innovative approach to targeted therapy and palliation. In vivo models have demonstrated that intraperitoneally delivered mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) preferentially accumulate in tumors with low systemic exposure, enabling targeted chemo- and radiotherapy.

MSNs are particularly suited for radiotherapeutic delivery, as their strong interactions with tumor extracellular matrices drive selective uptake. Additionally, they exhibit excellent stability under neutron flux, allowing for loading with stable isotopes and irradiation immediately prior to administration. High radionuclide retention after dilution further minimizes systemic exposure and toxicity.

A key …

Enhancing Topical Drug Delivery Of Apremilast Through Niosomal Gel Formulation: Ex Vivo Skin Permeation And In Vivo Evaluation For Psoriasis, Megha Shyam Matlapudi, Anka Rao Areti, Yukti Jaiswal, Veeresh Bantal, Raghavender Medishetti

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Psoriasis is a dynamic and chronic disease characterized by inflammatory changes and an increased rate of keratinocyte proliferation leading to the formation of erythematous scleroderma plaques with a silvery sheen. The existing therapies come with shortcomings in terms of effectiveness and leave behind a trail of side effects. Hence, there is a need of alternative therapeutic measures. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of Apremilast Niosomal Gel (APR Nio Gel) in treating psoriasis, comparing its effectiveness with conventional gel (APR Gel) and oral suspension (APR Oral) formulations. Materials and Methods: Apremilast niosomes were prepared by thin …

Magnetic And Ph-Sensitive Dual Actuation Of Biohybrid Microswimmer Of Targeted Drug Release Suitable For Cancer Cell Microenvironment, Richa Chaturvedi, Yumin Kang, Yunji Eom, Sri Ramulu Torati, Cheolgi Kim

Center for Bioelectronics Publications

The chemotherapeutic agents most frequently used in cancer treatment often have limited effectiveness because of their low specificity for tumors and poor therapeutic performance. In addition to the aforementioned therapeutic challenges the drug delivery carriers conjugated with the drug encounter early detection and elimination from the immune system before arriving at the affected area continues to be a significant research focus among researchers. To address this prevalent issue, an effective approach has been developed that leverages the physiological differences between normal and tumor tissue to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs. This drug delivery system is designed based on pH-sensitive …

Targeting Bone In Cancer Therapy: Advances And Challenges Of Bisphosphonate-Based Drug Delivery Systems, Fariba Ganji, Mohammadmahdi Eshaghi, Hossein Shaki, Lobat Tayebi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Background and Purpose: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are well-known for their strong affinity toward bone mineral matrices and are widely used to inhibit excessive osteoclast activity associated with various bone disorders. Beyond their clinical use, their unique bone-targeting capability has positioned them as promising ligands for drug delivery systems aimed at treating bone-related cancers. Approach: The review analyses published studies on BP-functionalized drug delivery systems, including direct drug conjugates, calcium-based nanomaterials, carbon-based nanostructures, and self-assembling systems such as micelles and liposomes. In vitro assays (e.g. hydroxyapatite binding, cell viability) and in vivo biodistribution studies are discussed to evaluate targeting efficiency and …

Development Of Novel Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles For Precision Drug Delivery, Krystal Ann Hughes

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery has made tremendous advancements in the last decade. However, several critical factors, including precision drug delivery at the site of interest, long-term storage stability, and controlling release profiles of drugs in the systemic circulation, need to be addressed for successful clinical translation of nanomedicine. This dissertation presents novel carbohydrate-based nanoparticles that achieve precise intracellular delivery and therapeutic release at the disease site. We present the formulation and optimization of polymeric and polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles that enable precision intracellular delivery and passive accumulation of therapeutics in the bone marrow. Intracellular delivery is highly impactful and sought after. One …

Synthesis Of Photocleavable Molecules For Neurological Applications, Nishal Madujith Egodawaththa Arachchilage Don

Theses and Dissertations

In recent biomedical research, the precise control of molecular dynamics through light activation has emerged as a powerful tool, particularly in the field of neurobiology. This approach involves the use of photocleavable cages or photoprotective groups (PPGs) that are chemically tethered to biologically active molecules such as neurotransmitters or calcium chelators. These cages remain inert until exposed to specific wavelengths of light, typically in the visible range, triggering the release of the active compound with high spatiotemporal precision.

For neurotransmitter systems, such as glutamate (Glu), which plays a critical role in synaptic transmission and memory formation, researchers have developed novel …

A Third Generation Long-Acting Dimeric Dolutegravir Prodrug Nanoformulation, Bhoomika Suresh Gowda

Theses & Dissertations

Dolutegravir (DTG) is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) widely used as a part of first-line combination antiretroviral therapy. DTG has a high barrier to resistance However, one therapeutic challenge centers on its life-long daily use. Sub-optimal adherence to daily oral pills underscore the need for long-acting formulations. To these ends, our research activities have focused on the development and translation of ultra-long-acting ART. Monomeric ester prodrugs provided initial success in extending the apparent half-life of DTG and other INSTIs. One is the DTG prodrug formulation called NM2DTG. NM2DTG’s significantly extended the parent drug’s apparent half-life [Nature Communications, 3226 (2022)]. …

Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles And Halogen Bonding Interactions Involving Fentanyl And Fentanyl Derivatives, Molly M. Sherard, Jamie S. Kaplan, Jeffrey H. Simpson, Kevin W. Kittredge, Michael C. Leopold

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Fentanyl (FTN) and synthetic analogs of FTN continue to ravage populations across the globe, including in the United States where opioids are increasingly being used and abused and are causing a staggering and growing number of overdose deaths each year. This growing pandemic is worsened by the ease with which FTN can be derivatized into numerous derivatives. Understanding the chemical properties/behaviors of the FTN class of compounds is critical for developing effective chemical detection schemes using nanoparticles (NPs) to optimize important chemical interactions. Halogen bonding (XB) is an intermolecular interaction between a polarized halogen atom on a molecule and e−-rich …

Translational Pathways For Ultra Long-Acting Medicines For Chronic Disease: From Hiv To Substance Use Disorders, Suyash Sanjay Deodhar

Theses & Dissertations

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and opioid use disorder (OUD) are among the top global public health challenges, with a significant overlap in the number of cases and higher mortality risks compared to the general population. Treatment and recreational opioid use lead to addictive disorders. Both conditions require repeated dosing of therapy where adherence to a strict lifelong regimen remains a major challenge. Notably, people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and struggling with opioid use disorders (OUD) show suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Also, the risk of transmitting HIV and other blood-borne infections through the sharing of needles and other injection …

Development Of Long-Acting Antiviral And Antimicrobial Prodrug Nanoformulations, Srijanee Das

Theses & Dissertations

Over the past decade, the global burden of infectious diseases has increased substantively, underscoring the need for more effective treatment strategies. However, the discovery and development of new drugs with desirable safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy is a time consuming and costly process with great uncertainty around success rate. As an alternative to new drug development, prodrugs and novel drug delivery systems have increasingly been explored. Both serve to overcome the drug development challenges. Such drug formulations that permit extended dosing intervals of potent native drugs serve multiple purposes by promoting patient adherence to in improving treatment outcomes. This is especially …

Electrochemical Modulation Of Surface Plasmon Wave To Investigate Dna-Based Sensing Platforms And Detection Of Sars-Cov2., Anil Sharma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study offers a thorough comparative analysis of optical and electrical signaling strategies for assessing the electrochemical properties of different redox-labeled DNA-based biosensing platforms. In addition, it illustrates the development of an optical interrogation technique with electrochemical modulation of surface plasmon waves (ECM-SPW) as a route for analyzing and implementing DNA-based hybridization sensors. For those quantitative analyses, we chose a model sensing platform composed of a methylene blue (MB)-modified single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) signaling probe and an unlabeled capture ssDNA probe that complements the signaling probe. Two types of signaling probes were employed in this work: one with MB attached to …

Nanoparticles For Applications In Specific Diagnostics And Precision Medicine, Naxhije Berisha

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Heterogeneity is common in the expression of cancer and treatment response. Precision medicine enables healthcare providers to tailor medical care to an individual's distinct genetic and environmental makeup. This customization has the potential to result in more efficient treatments while minimizing side effects. We believe that by studying the interface of nanotechnology and cancer medicine we can elucidate innovative solutions that address the challenges of disease heterogeneity. This includes advancements in drug delivery, formulations development, and diagnostic sensing. We highlight three studies that use nanotechnology for applications in precision medicine. In Chapter 2, we highlight design optimization of drug formulations …

Functionalized Surface Of Plga Nanoparticles In Thermosensitive Gel To Enhance The Efficacy Of Antibiotics Against Antibiotic Resistant Infections In Endodontics: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Mona Arafa, Hadeel Moussa, Mohamed Medhat Kataia

Pharmacy

Enterococcus faecalis plays the key role in endodontic infections and is responsible for the formation of biofilm on dentin, which causes a resistance against periradicular lesions treatment, consequently the aim of this study is to use nanoparticles entrapping anibacterial agents coated with chitosan that in authors previous study showed a successful in vitro biofilm inhibition, additionally incorporated in thermoresponsive gel.to benefit nanoparticles` small size, and the positive charge of their surfaces that binds with the negatively charged surface of bacterial cell causing its destruction, in addition to the sustained release pattern of the drug based nanoparticles in gel. Therefore, Ciprofloxacin …

Development And Evaluation Of A Nanofiber Membrane In Vitro As A Therapeutic Alternative For The Post Treatment In Breast Cancer Cell In A Murine Model, Bruno A. Valades-Aguilar, Diana Ginette Zarate-Triviño, José Raúl Rángel-López, Moises Armides Franco-Molina, Jorge Luis Menchaca-Arredondo, María Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla

Research Symposium

Worldwide female breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases in 2020, reason for the need of targeted therapies that can maximize treatment success and minimize toxicity. Nanoparticles of gold (AuNps) exhibit cytotoxic properties against certain types of cancer cell lines. Nanofibers have been use in the drug delivery systems due to its degradability and high surface area. We proposed a membrane with nanometric fibers using polivinilic alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (Qts) loaded with AuNps and Doxorubicin (Doxo) with the purpose of diminish tumor regression.

PVA-Qts membrane was develop with electrospinning, the injection, …

Spanlastics Nanovesicles: An Emerging And Innovative Approach For Drug Delivery, Shaimaa N. Abd Alhammid, Hanan J. Kassab, Lina S. Hussein, Mahmood A. Haiss, Hussein K. Alkufi

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

The use of vesicular structures as a drug delivery method has many advantages, including extending the duration of the drug's action in circulation, enhancing drug targeting, minimizing adverse effects, and boosting the bioavailability of a variety of medications. Spanlastics, which are elastic and can transport a range of pharmaceutical substances, are thought to be a subset of nanovesicles. They have drawn interest as a potentially effective medicine delivery method. They are a preferred choice for many administration routes because of their pliable and elastic nature, which allows them to pass through various cellular membranes. Non-ionic surfactants or a mixture of …

Nanoformulations Of Essential Oils Extracted From Pistacia Lentiscus And Boswellia Sacra And Investigation Of Their Anticancer, Antimicrobial, And Antioxidant Activities., Obaydah Abd Alkader Alabrahim

Theses and Dissertations

Essential oils (EOs) obtained from natural sources have shown promising biological and therapeutical properties such as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities, attributing to their high content of a variety of bioactive components. However, EOs’ therapeutic properties are limited by their low stability, poor bioavailability, high volatility, and low targeting ability. Therefore, the encapsulation and nanoformulation of EOs can maximize their therapeutical efficiency and physicochemical properties while overcoming their undesirable side effects and drawbacks. EOs extracted from the resins of Pistacia Lentiscus var. Chia (P.oil) and Boswellia Sacra (B.oil) are two promising EOs that have shown great therapeutic potential. P.oil was …

Development, Optimization, And In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation Of Azelaic Acid Transethosomal Gel For Antidermatophyte Activity, Ali Nasr, Noha Badawi, Yasmine Tartor, Nader Sobhy, Ali Nasr

Pharmacy

Treatment of dermatophytosis is quite challenging. This work aims to investigate the antidermatophyte action of Azelaic acid (AzA) and evaluate its efficacy upon entrapment into transethosomes (TEs) and incorporation into a gel to enhance its application. Optimization of formulation variables of TEs was carried out after preparation using the thin film hydration technique. The antidermatophyte activity of AzA-TEs was first evaluated in vitro. In addition, two guinea pig infection models with Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes and Microsporum (M.) canis were established for the in vivo assessment. The optimized formula showed a mean particle size of 219.8 ± 4.7 nm and a …