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Musculoskeletal, Neural, and Ocular Physiology Commons™
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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Musculoskeletal, Neural, and Ocular Physiology
Characterizing The Performance And Behaviors Of Runners Using Twitter, Qian He, Emmanuel Agu, Diane Strong, Bengisu Tulu, Peder Pedersen
Characterizing The Performance And Behaviors Of Runners Using Twitter, Qian He, Emmanuel Agu, Diane Strong, Bengisu Tulu, Peder Pedersen
Emmanuel O. Agu
Running is a popular physical activity that improves physical and mental wellbeing. Unfortunately, up-to- date information about runners’ performance and psychological wellbeing is limited. Many questions remain unanswered, such as how far and how fast runners typically run, their preferred running times and frequencies, how long new runners persist before dropping out, and what factors cause runners to quit. Without hard data, establishing patterns of runner behavior and mitigating the challenges they face are difficult. Collecting data manually from large numbers of runners for research studies is costly and time consuming. Emerging Social Networking Services (SNS) and fitness tracking devices …
A Context-Aware Activity Recommendation Smartphone Application To Mitigate Sedentary Lifestyles, Qian He, Emmanuel Agu
A Context-Aware Activity Recommendation Smartphone Application To Mitigate Sedentary Lifestyles, Qian He, Emmanuel Agu
Emmanuel O. Agu
A sedentary lifestyle involves irregular or no physical activity. In this kind of lifestyle, people’s activities do not increase their energy expenditure substantially above resting levels. Long periods of sitting, lying, watching television, playing video games, and using the computer are typical examples. Energy expenditures at 1.0-1.5 Metabolic Equivalent Units (METs) are considered sedentary behaviors. A recent study of sedentary lifestyles found that the length of sedentary times is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. In this study, we developed a smartphone application called “On11”, which continuously tracks and informs the user …
Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Age-Related Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis In The F344xbn Rat Heart, Sunil Kakarla, Kevin Rice, Anjaiah Katta, Satyanarayana Paturi, Miaozong Wu, Madhukar Kolli, Saba Keshavarzian, Kamran Manzoor, Paulette Wehner, Eric Blough
Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Age-Related Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis In The F344xbn Rat Heart, Sunil Kakarla, Kevin Rice, Anjaiah Katta, Satyanarayana Paturi, Miaozong Wu, Madhukar Kolli, Saba Keshavarzian, Kamran Manzoor, Paulette Wehner, Eric Blough
Paulette S. Wehner
Despite advances in treatment, age-related cardiac dysfunction still remains a leading cause of cardiovascular death. Recent data have suggested that increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis may be involved in the pathological remodeling of heart. Here, we examine the effects of aging on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in 6-, 30-, and 36-month-old Fischer344xBrown Norway F1 hybrid rats (F344XBN). Compared with 6-month hearts, aged hearts exhibited increased TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling–positive nuclei, caspase-3 activation, caspase-dependent cleavage of α-fodrin and diminished phosphorylation of protein kinase B/Akt (Thr 308). These age-dependent increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis were associated with alterations in the composition of the cardiac dystrophin …
Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Age-Related Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis In The F344xbn Rat Heart, Sunil Kakarla, Kevin Rice, Anjaiah Katta, Satyanarayana Paturi, Miaozong Wu, Madhukar Kolli, Saba Keshavarzian, Kamran Manzoor, Paulette Wehner, Eric Blough
Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Age-Related Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis In The F344xbn Rat Heart, Sunil Kakarla, Kevin Rice, Anjaiah Katta, Satyanarayana Paturi, Miaozong Wu, Madhukar Kolli, Saba Keshavarzian, Kamran Manzoor, Paulette Wehner, Eric Blough
Kevin M Rice
Despite advances in treatment, age-related cardiac dysfunction still remains a leading cause of cardiovascular death. Recent data have suggested that increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis may be involved in the pathological remodeling of heart. Here, we examine the effects of aging on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in 6-, 30-, and 36-month-old Fischer344xBrown Norway F1 hybrid rats (F344XBN). Compared with 6-month hearts, aged hearts exhibited increased TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling–positive nuclei, caspase-3 activation, caspase-dependent cleavage of α-fodrin and diminished phosphorylation of protein kinase B/Akt (Thr 308). These age-dependent increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis were associated with alterations in the composition of the cardiac dystrophin …
Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Age-Related Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis In The F344xbn Rat Heart, Sunil Kakarla, Kevin Rice, Anjaiah Katta, Satyanarayana Paturi, Miaozong Wu, Madhukar Kolli, Saba Keshavarzian, Kamran Manzoor, Paulette Wehner, Eric Blough
Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Age-Related Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis In The F344xbn Rat Heart, Sunil Kakarla, Kevin Rice, Anjaiah Katta, Satyanarayana Paturi, Miaozong Wu, Madhukar Kolli, Saba Keshavarzian, Kamran Manzoor, Paulette Wehner, Eric Blough
Eric Blough
Despite advances in treatment, age-related cardiac dysfunction still remains a leading cause of cardiovascular death. Recent data have suggested that increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis may be involved in the pathological remodeling of heart. Here, we examine the effects of aging on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in 6-, 30-, and 36-month-old Fischer344xBrown Norway F1 hybrid rats (F344XBN). Compared with 6-month hearts, aged hearts exhibited increased TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling–positive nuclei, caspase-3 activation, caspase-dependent cleavage of α-fodrin and diminished phosphorylation of protein kinase B/Akt (Thr 308). These age-dependent increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis were associated with alterations in the composition of the cardiac dystrophin …
Motor Assessment Using The Nih Toolbox, David Reuben, Susan Magasi, Heather Mccreath, Richard Bohannon, Ying-Chih Wang, Deborah Bubela, William Rymer, Jennifer Beaumont, Rose Rine, Jin-Shei Lai, Richard Gershon
Motor Assessment Using The Nih Toolbox, David Reuben, Susan Magasi, Heather Mccreath, Richard Bohannon, Ying-Chih Wang, Deborah Bubela, William Rymer, Jennifer Beaumont, Rose Rine, Jin-Shei Lai, Richard Gershon
Rose Marie Rine P.T., Ph.D.
Motor function involves complex physiologic processes and requires the integration of multiple systems, including neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, and cardiopulmonary, and neural motor and sensory-perceptual systems. Motor-functional status is indicative of current physical health status, burden of disease, and long-term health outcomes, and is integrally related to daily functioning and quality of life. Given its importance to overall neurologic health and function, motor function was identified as a key domain for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIH Toolbox). We engaged in a 3-stage developmental process to: 1) identify key subdomains and candidate measures for inclusion …
Shoulder Pain In Primary Care: Diagnostic Accuracy Of Clinical Examination Tests For Non-Traumatic Acromioclavicular Joint Pain, Angela Cadogan, Peter Mcnair, Mark Laslett, Wayne Hing
Shoulder Pain In Primary Care: Diagnostic Accuracy Of Clinical Examination Tests For Non-Traumatic Acromioclavicular Joint Pain, Angela Cadogan, Peter Mcnair, Mark Laslett, Wayne Hing
Wayne Hing
Background: Despite numerous methodological flaws in previous study designs and the lack of validation in primary care populations, clinical tests for identifying acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) pain are widely utilised without concern for such issues. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of traditional ACJ tests and to compare their accuracy with other clinical examination features for identifying a predominant ACJ pain source in a primary care cohort. Methods: Consecutive patients with shoulder pain were recruited prospectively from primary health care clinics. Following a standardised clinical examination and diagnostic injection into the subacromial bursa, all participants received …
Regulation Of Contractile Proteins And Protein Translational Signaling In Disused Muscle, Hua Liu, Eric Blough, Ravi Arvapalli, Yeling Wang, Peter Reiser, Satyanarayana Paturi, Anjaiah Katta, Robert Harris, Niraj Nepal, Miaozong Wu
Regulation Of Contractile Proteins And Protein Translational Signaling In Disused Muscle, Hua Liu, Eric Blough, Ravi Arvapalli, Yeling Wang, Peter Reiser, Satyanarayana Paturi, Anjaiah Katta, Robert Harris, Niraj Nepal, Miaozong Wu
Eric Blough
Background/Aims: Muscle disuse can lead to muscle atrophy and impaired skeletal muscle function. How skeletal muscle modulates protein translational signaling in response to prolonged muscle disuse is not well understood. Using the hindlimb unloading (HU) model of muscle atrophy we examined how hindlimb unweighting affects protein translational signaling, including the activation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K/S6 signaling and the inhibitory association of 4EBP1 with translation initiation factor eIF4E. Methods: Male F344BN rats were randomized into baseline control, or subjected to HU for 3, 7 or 14 days. Body weight, gastrocnemius muscle, and individual myofiber cross-sectional area were measured to evaluate the degree of …
Regulation Of Contractile Proteins And Protein Translational Signaling In Disused Muscle, Hua Liu, Eric Blough, Ravi Arvapalli, Yeling Wang, Peter Reiser, Satyanarayana Paturi, Anjaiah Katta, Robert Harris, Niraj Nepal, Miaozong Wu
Regulation Of Contractile Proteins And Protein Translational Signaling In Disused Muscle, Hua Liu, Eric Blough, Ravi Arvapalli, Yeling Wang, Peter Reiser, Satyanarayana Paturi, Anjaiah Katta, Robert Harris, Niraj Nepal, Miaozong Wu
Ravi K. Arvapalli
Background/Aims: Muscle disuse can lead to muscle atrophy and impaired skeletal muscle function. How skeletal muscle modulates protein translational signaling in response to prolonged muscle disuse is not well understood. Using the hindlimb unloading (HU) model of muscle atrophy we examined how hindlimb unweighting affects protein translational signaling, including the activation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K/S6 signaling and the inhibitory association of 4EBP1 with translation initiation factor eIF4E. Methods: Male F344BN rats were randomized into baseline control, or subjected to HU for 3, 7 or 14 days. Body weight, gastrocnemius muscle, and individual myofiber cross-sectional area were measured to evaluate the degree of …
Aging-Associated Dysfunction Of Akt/Protein Kinase B: S-Nitrosylation And Acetaminophen Intervention, Miaozong Wu, Anjaiah Katta, Murali Gadde, Hua Liu, Sunil Kakarla, Jacqueline Fannin, Satyanarayana Paturi, Ravi Arvapalli, Kevin Rice, Yeling Wang, Eric Blough
Aging-Associated Dysfunction Of Akt/Protein Kinase B: S-Nitrosylation And Acetaminophen Intervention, Miaozong Wu, Anjaiah Katta, Murali Gadde, Hua Liu, Sunil Kakarla, Jacqueline Fannin, Satyanarayana Paturi, Ravi Arvapalli, Kevin Rice, Yeling Wang, Eric Blough
Ravi K. Arvapalli
Background: Aged skeletal muscle is characterized by an increased incidence of metabolic and functional disorders, which if allowed to proceed unchecked can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. The mechanism(s) underlying the development of these disorders in aging skeletal muscle are not well understood. Protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) is an important regulator of cellular metabolism and survival, but it is unclear if aged muscle exhibits alterations in Akt function. Here we report a novel dysfunction of Akt in aging muscle, which may relate to S-nitrosylation and can be prevented by acetaminophen intervention. Principal Findings: Compared to 6- and 27-month rats, …
"Aligned-To-Random’’ Nanofiber Scaffolds For Mimicking The Structure Of The Tendon-To-Bone Insertion Site, Jingwei Xie, Xiaoran Li, Justin Lipner, Cionne Manning, Annie Schwartz, Stavros Thomopoulos, Younan Xia
"Aligned-To-Random’’ Nanofiber Scaffolds For Mimicking The Structure Of The Tendon-To-Bone Insertion Site, Jingwei Xie, Xiaoran Li, Justin Lipner, Cionne Manning, Annie Schwartz, Stavros Thomopoulos, Younan Xia
Jingwei Xie
We have demonstrated the fabrication of “aligned-to-random” electrospun nanofiber scaffolds that mimic the structural organization of collagen fibers at the tendon-to-bone insertion site. Tendon fibroblasts cultured on such a scaffold exhibited highly organized and haphazardly oriented morphologies, respectively, on the aligned and random portions.
The Effect Of Different Hormone Replacement Therapy Regimens On The Mechanical Properties Of Rat Vertebrae, Debbie Chachra, M. Kasra, Carla Vanin, N. Maclusky, R. Casper, Marc Grynpas
The Effect Of Different Hormone Replacement Therapy Regimens On The Mechanical Properties Of Rat Vertebrae, Debbie Chachra, M. Kasra, Carla Vanin, N. Maclusky, R. Casper, Marc Grynpas
Debbie Chachra
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of estrogen replacement, in concert with three different progestin regimens, on the mechanical properties of rat lumbar vertebrae. Ninety-two Sprague-Dawley rats (11 months old) were divided into six groups for treatment. The first group was an intact control, the second group (OVX) was ovariectomized only, and the third group (estrogen-only) was ovariectomized and received continuous estrogen through a 17-estradiol implant. The remaining groups were ovariectomized and received estrogen and progestin (norethindrone, NET) therapy; 3 g of NET was injected daily (estrogen plus continuous NET), or 6 g of NET was …