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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Medical Physiology
Cannabidiol Exposure During Rat Pregnancy Leads To Labyrinth-Specific Vascular Defects In The Placenta And Reduced Fetal Growth, Daniel B. Hardy, David R C Natale, Kendrick Lee
Cannabidiol Exposure During Rat Pregnancy Leads To Labyrinth-Specific Vascular Defects In The Placenta And Reduced Fetal Growth, Daniel B. Hardy, David R C Natale, Kendrick Lee
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
Introduction: Cannabis use is increasing among pregnant people, and cannabidiol (CBD), a constituent of cannabis, is often perceived as ‘‘natural’’ and ‘‘safe’’ as it is non-intoxicating. In utero, cannabis exposure is associated with negative health outcomes, including fetal growth restriction (FGR). The placenta supplies oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, and alterations in placental development can lead to FGR. While there has been some investigation into the effects of D9-THC, there has been limited investigation into the impacts of in utero gestational CBD exposure on the placenta. Methods: This study used histological and transcriptomic analysis of embryonic day (E)19.5 rat …
Maternal Lifelong Western Diet Consumption Impacts Placental And Brain Development In The Term Guinea Pig Fetus, Carlene H. Cihosky
Maternal Lifelong Western Diet Consumption Impacts Placental And Brain Development In The Term Guinea Pig Fetus, Carlene H. Cihosky
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Both metabolic and cognitive dysfunction can originate from fetal reprogramming precipitating from adverse conditions experienced in utero. Of note is the western diet (WD), which is associated with maternal energy imbalances that may hinder fetal development through altered placental function. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a growth factor that supports the placenta and developing brain, is responsive to such energy imbalances. This study sought to investigate the impact of lifelong maternal WD consumption on fetoplacental development, focusing on relations between placental changes, and fetal growth and neurodevelopment in a guinea pig model. Maternal WD consumption resulting in a lean metabolically …
Current State Of Preeclampsia Mouse Models: Approaches, Relevance, And Standardization, Christopher A. Waker, Melissa R. Kaufman, Thomas L. Brown
Current State Of Preeclampsia Mouse Models: Approaches, Relevance, And Standardization, Christopher A. Waker, Melissa R. Kaufman, Thomas L. Brown
Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic, pregnancy-specific disorder and a leading cause of maternal and fetal death. PE is also associated with an increased risk for chronic morbidities later in life for mother and offspring. Abnormal placentation or placental function has been well-established as central to the genesis of PE; yet much remains to be determined about the factors involved in the development of this condition. Despite decades of investigation and many clinical trials, the only definitive treatment is parturition. To better understand the condition and identify potential targets preclinically, many approaches to simulate PE in mice have been developed and …
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure During Rat Pregnancy Leads To Symmetrical Fetal Growth Restriction And Labyrinth-Specific Vascular Defects In The Placenta., Bryony V Natale, Katarina N Gustin, Kendrick Lee, Alison C Holloway, Steven R Laviolette, David R C Natale, Daniel B Hardy
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure During Rat Pregnancy Leads To Symmetrical Fetal Growth Restriction And Labyrinth-Specific Vascular Defects In The Placenta., Bryony V Natale, Katarina N Gustin, Kendrick Lee, Alison C Holloway, Steven R Laviolette, David R C Natale, Daniel B Hardy
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
1 in 5 women report cannabis use during pregnancy, with nausea cited as their primary motivation. Studies show that (-)-△9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the major psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, causes fetal growth restriction, though the mechanisms are not well understood. Given the critical role of the placenta to transfer oxygen and nutrients from mother, to the fetus, any compromise in the development of fetal-placental circulation significantly affects maternal-fetal exchange and thereby, fetal growth. The goal of this study was to examine, in rats, the impact of maternal Δ9-THC exposure on fetal development, neonatal outcomes, and placental development. Dams received a daily intraperitoneal …
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Leads To Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Human Bewo Trophoblasts., Tina Lojpur, Zachary Easton, Sergio Raez-Villanueva, Steven Laviolette, Alison C Holloway, Daniel B Hardy
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Leads To Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Human Bewo Trophoblasts., Tina Lojpur, Zachary Easton, Sergio Raez-Villanueva, Steven Laviolette, Alison C Holloway, Daniel B Hardy
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
While studies have demonstrated that the main psychoactive component of cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) alone induces placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Given that both (i) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in pregnancy and (ii) gestational exposure to Δ9-THC leads to placental deficiency, we hypothesized that Δ9-THC may directly induce placental ER stress, influencing trophoblast gene expression and mitochondrial function. BeWo human trophoblast cells treated with Δ9-THC (3-30 μM) led to a dose-dependent increase in all ER stress markers and CHOP; these effects could be blocked with CB1R/CB2R antagonists. Moreover, expression of ER stress-sensitive genes ERRγ, VEGFA, …
Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response In Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells, Daniel B. Hardy
Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response In Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells, Daniel B. Hardy
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy leads to placental insufficiency impairing both fetal and neonatal development. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that in rats, nicotine augmented endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in association with placental insufficiency; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to investigate the possible direct effect of nicotine on ER stress in Rcho-1 rat placental trophoblast giant (TG) cells during differentiation. Protein and/or mRNA expression of markers involved in ER stress (eg, phosphorylated PERK, eIF2α, CHOP, and BiP/GRP78) and TG cell differentiation and function (eg, Pl-1, placental growth factor [Pgf], Hsd11b1, and Hsd11b2) were quantified via …
Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response In Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells, Michael K. Wong, Alison Holloway C, Daniel B. Hardy
Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response In Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells, Michael K. Wong, Alison Holloway C, Daniel B. Hardy
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy leads to placental insufficiency impairing both fetal and neonatal development. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that in rats,nicotine augmented endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in association with placental insufficiency, however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to investigate the possible direct effect of nicotine on ER stress in Rcho-1 rat placental trophoblastgiant (TG) cells during differentiation. Protein and/or mRNA expression of markers involved in ER stress (e.g., phosphorylated PERK, eIF2α, CHOP, BiP/GRP78) and trophoblast giant cell differentiation and function (e.g., Pl-1, Pgf, Hsd11b1, and Hsd11b2) were quantified via Western blot or …
Adverse Effects Of Perinatal Nicotine Exposure On Reproductive Outcomes, Daniel B. Hardy, Michael K. Wong
Adverse Effects Of Perinatal Nicotine Exposure On Reproductive Outcomes, Daniel B. Hardy, Michael K. Wong
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy through cigarette smoking, nicotine replacement therapies or e-cigarette use continues to be awidespread public health problem, impacting both fetal and postnatal health. Yet, at this time, there remains limited data regarding the safety and efficacy in using these nicotine products during pregnancy. Notably, reports assessing the effect of nicotine exposure on postnatal health outcomes in humans, including reproductive health, are severely lacking. Our current understanding regarding the consequences of nicotine exposure during pregnancy is limited to a few animal studies, which do not comprehensively address the underlying cellular mechanisms involved. This paper aims to critically review …