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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Medical Humanities
Teleexercise For People With Disabilities, Byron Lai
Teleexercise For People With Disabilities, Byron Lai
All ETDs from UAB
Exercise is recognized as a method of improving health and function and preventing deconditioning for adults with neurological disabilities. However, they experience a multitude of barriers that prevent them from regular participation in exercise. To address these barriers, the goal of this dissertation was to explore the use of monitoring technology as a means for delivering exercise to adults with neurological disabilities at home. This pursuit involved three studies. The first study reviewed the extant literature for current trends in exercise interventions for people with disabilities. Regarding technology, the review indicated that technology is rarely used to deliver one-on-on supervised …
A Multilevel Perspective On Health Information Exchange, Claudia Guerrazzi
A Multilevel Perspective On Health Information Exchange, Claudia Guerrazzi
All ETDs from UAB
As the health care sector faces pressure to improve quality and contain costs, sharing information among the various care providers will become an essential practice among health care providers. Many countries are now adopting policies to foster Health Information Exchange (HIE), which is defined as the electronic transfer of data or information among health care organizations involved in the delivery of care. The literature about HIE reports contradictory evidence about the adoption and the use of HIE and more research is needed to understand this complex phenomenon. Specifically, HIE is a complex phenomenon that produces outcomes at different levels and …
The Effects Of Nurse-Manager Relationships And Nurse-Physician Collaboration On Nurse Intent To Leave, Phillip John Mazzuca
The Effects Of Nurse-Manager Relationships And Nurse-Physician Collaboration On Nurse Intent To Leave, Phillip John Mazzuca
All ETDs from UAB
ABSTRACT Aim. The aim of this study was to determine whether two relational aspects of the nurse work environment – perceived quality of the nurse-supervisor relationship and nurse-physician collaboration – might reduce nurse intent to leave the hospital. Background. There is a documented global shortage of nurses which is a pressing issue in U.S. hospitals. The nursing shortage has been exacerbated by a high rate of voluntary nursing turnover in U.S. hospitals which is costly and has previously been found to negatively impact patient care. Factors associated with the nursing work environment have been found to be important predictors of …
Circulating Mirnas And Human Insulin Resistance, Elizabeth Ma
Circulating Mirnas And Human Insulin Resistance, Elizabeth Ma
All ETDs from UAB
Insulin resistance (IR) is central to the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms behind IR are not clear, but microRNA (miR; short, non-coding RNA strands that base-pair with mRNA to modify gene expression) have garnered interest as potential contributors. miRs have recently been shown to be detectable in the circulation, and can be taken up and regulate target genes within recipient cells. Our primary objective was to identify circulating miRs (c-miRs) that play a role in regulating systemic metabolism and participate in the pathophysiology of IR and cardiometabolic disease. Three …
The Effect Of Cultural Competency Training Programs On Expatriate Nurses' Levels Of Cultural Competence In Saudi Arabia As Measured By The Inventory For Assessing The Process Of Cultural Competence (Iapcc-R), Naof Faiz Saleem Al-Ansary
The Effect Of Cultural Competency Training Programs On Expatriate Nurses' Levels Of Cultural Competence In Saudi Arabia As Measured By The Inventory For Assessing The Process Of Cultural Competence (Iapcc-R), Naof Faiz Saleem Al-Ansary
All ETDs from UAB
The study examined the relationship between cultural competence training programs and the levels of cultural competence among expatriate nurses in Saudi Arabia. Cultural competence training programs are believed to increase the awareness of expatriate nurses in Saudi Arabia in regards to issues that might arise from cultural differences between patients and healthcare providers. Healthcare professionals, and healthcare organizations, emphasize the importance of culturally competent healthcare environments in providing optimum healthcare services to individuals from different cultural backgrounds. Findings from the study suggested that participation in cultural competency training is associated to higher cultural competency scores. Additionally, age was positively associated …
Diabetes Risk In Women: Pschosocial And Lifestyle Determinants, Sarah Katherine Sweatt
Diabetes Risk In Women: Pschosocial And Lifestyle Determinants, Sarah Katherine Sweatt
All ETDs from UAB
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health concern. Physical inactivity, poor diet, and psychosocial distress have emerged as factors contributing to T2D. Women may be uniquely affected by these factors as obesity, physical inactivity, and the prevalence of psychosocial distress are higher in women. Additionally, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women and increases the risk of both T2D and psychosocial distress. However, the relationship between physical activity (PA), psychosocial distress, and metabolic health is not fully understood, particularly in at risk populations such as minorities and women with PCOS. Therefore, the goal …
A Comparative Multiyear Assessment Of Care Utilization Between Existing And Newly Enrolled Medicaid Populations Within Washington State, Preston M. Simmons
A Comparative Multiyear Assessment Of Care Utilization Between Existing And Newly Enrolled Medicaid Populations Within Washington State, Preston M. Simmons
All ETDs from UAB
A COMPARATIVE MULTIYEAR ASSESSMENT OF CARE UTILIZATION BETWEEN EXISTING AND NEWLY ENROLLED MEDICAID POPULATIONS WITHIN WASHINGTON STATE ABSTRACT The study looks at 2012 through June of 2016 Medicaid data from the Washington State Health Care Authority, comparing claims utilization for newly enrolled patients each calendar year to continuously enrolled members. Mean number of emergency department, hospital, and ambulatory (office) claims per Medicaid member are compared to ascertain if they are the same or different between the groups. Differences in the mean number of ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) were additionally assessed between those continuously and newly enrolled. The results of …
The Relationship Of Lean Implementation And Patient Satisfaction (Hcahps) Scores In Acute Care Hospitals, Charles V. Hagood
The Relationship Of Lean Implementation And Patient Satisfaction (Hcahps) Scores In Acute Care Hospitals, Charles V. Hagood
All ETDs from UAB
THE RELATIONSHIP OF LEAN IMPLEMENTATION AND PATIENT SATISFACTION (HCAHPS) SCORES IN ACUTE CARE HOSPITALS CHARLES V. HAGOOD DOCTOR OF SCIENCE IN HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION ABSTRACT Background: The purpose of the study was to better understand the relationship of Lean implementation and patient satisfaction (HCAHPS) scores in acute care hospitals. Hospitals are under significant pressure to improve patient satisfaction, thus a number of hospitals are increasingly using Lean improvement methodologies to do so. However, the results that have been achieved are often reported as mixed at best and lack empirical proof, specifically the relationship of Lean methodologies and their impact on …
Behavioral Markers Of Supraspinal Pain In Clinically Relevant Models Of Spinal Cord Injury, Kathryn Yamamoto Henley
Behavioral Markers Of Supraspinal Pain In Clinically Relevant Models Of Spinal Cord Injury, Kathryn Yamamoto Henley
All ETDs from UAB
The majority of people suffering from neuropathic pain as a result of a spinal cord injury (SCI) do not experience effective pain relief with currently available therapeutics. One aspect of preclinical studies that may be limiting the development of successful analgesics is the assessment of pain in animal models of SCI. Previous work has relied primarily on withdrawal reflexes to indicate pain; however, there is evidence that suggests this is an inadequate measure of pain sensation as spinal reflexes do not reflect the supraspinal processing of nociceptive information. The use of withdrawal responses is especially challenging in the context of …
Acute And Chronic Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function, Jonathan Lund Warren
Acute And Chronic Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function, Jonathan Lund Warren
All ETDs from UAB
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a growing global burden on healthcare and financial resources. One hypothesis for the onset and exacerbation of these diseases is related to the role of mitochondria as the end users of products of the metabolism of the nutrients we consume and in mediating the oxidative state of the body through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In order to meet the demands of a metabolic challenge and prevent excessive ROS production, there appear to be adaptations to mitochondrial physiology and morphology that can occur and we hypothesize that the ability of the …
Increasing The Accessibility Of A Falls Prevention Intervention For Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Low Vision, Sarah Blaylock
Increasing The Accessibility Of A Falls Prevention Intervention For Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Low Vision, Sarah Blaylock
All ETDs from UAB
Falls remain a costly problem as a leading cause of injuries and fatalities for individuals over the age of 65. Older adults with low vision, or non-correctable visual impairment, are estimated to be two times more likely to fall than those without vision loss. There appear to be limited falls prevention interventions available for older adults that have been tested on or designed specifically for individuals with visual impairment. The goals of this dissertation were to learn more about the availability of visually accessible falls prevention interventions and to develop an intervention that can be used with veterans receiving services …
An Analysis Of The Relevance Of U.S. News And World Report Rankings On Admissions Outcomes And Student Placement Of Graduate Programs In Healthcare Management, William Alburn Tuttle
An Analysis Of The Relevance Of U.S. News And World Report Rankings On Admissions Outcomes And Student Placement Of Graduate Programs In Healthcare Management, William Alburn Tuttle
All ETDs from UAB
Social, economic and political influences are exerting considerable pressure on the development of universities and colleges. Such forces coupled with the growing influence of rankings are exerting a formidable impact upon higher education. The conceptual framework guiding this study was derived from the work of Spence and Signaling Theory (ST). This theory plays a vital role in societal interaction of individuals as well as how certain organizations carry out their mission. ST offers an opportunity and perspective to explore the relevance of signals associated with U.S. News and World Report (USNWR) rankings of graduate programs in healthcare management. Graduate programs …
The Effect Of Hospitalists On Hospital Length Of Stay, Khanhuyen Vinh
The Effect Of Hospitalists On Hospital Length Of Stay, Khanhuyen Vinh
All ETDs from UAB
Environmental pressures in the healthcare industry force hospitals to seek new innovations to become more efficient. Hospitals have entered into a partnership hospitalists in an effort to reduce their ALOS. The purposes of this study are to determine the impact of ALOS by hospitals using hospitalists, the sustainability of impact on ALOS over time, and whether hospitals that adopted the hospitalist innovation in the last five years experienced an impact on ALOS. The study investigated 26,527 observations of hospital-years of nonprofit and investor-owned hospitals from 2007-2015 that responded to the AHA Annual Survey and primarily provided general medical/surgical services. Case …
Type I Myofiber Grouping: Myofiber Phenotype And Implications For Muscle Performance In Older Adults And Parkinson Disease, Kelley Grace Hammond
Type I Myofiber Grouping: Myofiber Phenotype And Implications For Muscle Performance In Older Adults And Parkinson Disease, Kelley Grace Hammond
All ETDs from UAB
Neuromuscular morphology and function undergo changes with increasing age and Parkinson disease (PD) pathology. Motor unit reorganization occurs by denervation-reinnervation events which lead to diminishing random distribution of myofibers and type I myofiber grouping. Grouped type I myofibers maintain type II features such as hypertrophic capacity and myonuclear addition, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 1 expression, and lower capillarization. Though age-related type I myofiber grouping has been qualitatively described in the literature, this was the first study to characterize the phenotype of grouped type I myofibers in older adults. Furthermore, we identified a magnified degree of type I myofiber grouping in …
Patient Safety: Organizations, Culture, And Information Technology, Soumya Upadhyay
Patient Safety: Organizations, Culture, And Information Technology, Soumya Upadhyay
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this dissertation is to explore factors that influence patient safety culture and patient safety outcomes, and whether patient safety culture affects hospital performance. The findings of these studies have important implications to hospital managers in the context of macro environmental changes regarding quality and safety. As managers look for ways to improve patient safety, results from this dissertation suggest strategies (for example, RN staffing; EHR presence) that may help improve safety culture and hospital performance. Specifically, having at least basic EHR as compared to not having any EHR supports safety culture to positively influence quality and financial …
Hospital Purchasing Alliance: Contextual Factors And Financial Performance, William Opoku-Agyeman Opoku-Agyeman
Hospital Purchasing Alliance: Contextual Factors And Financial Performance, William Opoku-Agyeman Opoku-Agyeman
All ETDs from UAB
Collectively, the purpose of the three papers included in this dissertation was to provide empirical evidence on the contextual factors that influence hospital utilization of services of group purchasing organizations and how utilization of group purchasing organizations impacts hospitals’ financial performance. The findings of these studies are important both to researchers and to managers as it sheds light on the relationship between hospitals and group purchasing organizations. The results of this dissertation suggest that better financial performance is associated with hospital utilization of group purchasing organizations. Additionally, some measures of environmental munificence and dynamism are associated with hospital utilization of …
Motor Abilities And Social Participation In Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jamie M. Holloway
Motor Abilities And Social Participation In Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jamie M. Holloway
All ETDs from UAB
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that primarily affects social communication and behavior, however, a number of motor impairments have been identified in children with ASD. In children who are typically developing, the development of social, communication, and cognitive skills is thought to be influenced by motor development. However, the impact of these motor skill deficits on overall development in children with ASD is not yet known. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the relationship between gross motor ability and social function and participation in young children with ASD. The first study described changes in peer …
Home Healthcare And Performance: Development And Application Of A Typology For Home Health Agencies, Ronique Nechelle Evans
Home Healthcare And Performance: Development And Application Of A Typology For Home Health Agencies, Ronique Nechelle Evans
All ETDs from UAB
This three-paper dissertation sought to examine the existence of strategic groups in the home health industry, the application of Porter’s generic strategies (cost leader, differentiator, “stuck-in-the-middle” and both cost leader/differentiator) in identifying these groups, and the association of group membership with agency performance. The findings of this study will provide researchers and managers with a highlight of the current strategic makeup of the home health industry and its relationship with quality and financial performance. The results of this dissertation provide some evidence that strategic groups do exist in the home health industry and can be described along the basis of …
The Effectiveness Of Clinical Integration: The Relationship Between Evidence-Based Clinical Processes, In-Network Utilization And Clinical, Service And Efficiency Outcomes, Patrick D. Falvey
The Effectiveness Of Clinical Integration: The Relationship Between Evidence-Based Clinical Processes, In-Network Utilization And Clinical, Service And Efficiency Outcomes, Patrick D. Falvey
All ETDs from UAB
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CLINICAL INTEGRATION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EVIDENCE-BASED CLINICAL PROCESSES, IN-NETWORK UTILIZATION AND CLINICAL, SERVICE AND EFFICIENCY OUTCOMES PATRICK D. FALVEY EXECUTIVE DOCTORAL PROGRAM – SCHOOL OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS ABSTRACT The evolving U.S. health care system continues to steer healthcare organizations and integrated healthcare delivery networks (IDNs) to function as population health networks and ACOs. Policymakers, payers, health care leaders and consumer groups are advocating that IDNs clinically integrate processes and structures under the assumption that they will improve the clinical outcomes for a population, reduce the health care spend, and enhance the patient experience. Relatively little research has …
The Dietary Context Of Nut Intake Among Overweight And Obese African-American Women Living In The Rural South: An Exploratory Study, Samara Sterling
The Dietary Context Of Nut Intake Among Overweight And Obese African-American Women Living In The Rural South: An Exploratory Study, Samara Sterling
All ETDs from UAB
Obesity has become a national epidemic over the last few decades, and lays its heaviest burden on certain populations (eg, rural residents, African-Americans, and African-American women in the Southeast). Obesity increases medical costs substantially, and is a significant risk factor for various chronic conditions, including certain cancers. There is a need to identify specific dietary behaviors that may contribute to obesity and obesity-related cancers among African-American women in the rural South, and to recommend dietary modifications that may alleviate those risks. Previous research has shown that nuts offer numerous health benefits, including weight loss and cancer protection. More research is …