Dentistry Commons^™

Frictional Forces Of A Fixed, Esthetic Orthodontic Appliance System, Brady Michael Nance

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose: The demands of an all esthetic fixed orthodontic appliance system are ever increasing in today's world. Frictional values of an esthetic, fixed orthodontic appliance system are needed to evaluate their clinical effectiveness for orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frictional values of various esthetic orthodontic archwires ligated to an esthetic orthodontic bracket.

Methods: Three types of stainless steel and nickel titanium alloy (niti) esthetic orthodontic archwires (epoxy, poly, plastic) in four sizes (.016, .018, .017 x .025, .019 x .025 inches) were ligated to both a stainless steel bracket system and a ceramic (esthetic) …

Ethnic Identity And The Perception Of Facial Profile Aesthetics: A Preliminary Study, Paul Michael Glasser

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In a multicultural society, the orthodontist is often faced with the challenge of interpreting an individual’s aesthetic preferences, which depending on the individual might differ from Eurocentric standards. Psychological researchers have recognized that ethnicity is dynamic, and better defined as a perception of self, influenced by social interaction and cultural involvement. Ethnic identity was investigated using three broad ethnic groups (Caucasian-American, African-American and Asian-American) with an established Multicultural Ethnic Identity Measure (Revised [MEIM-R]). Profiles for males and females of each group were constructed using published soft tissue data. Each profile was modified from subnasale to soft tissue B-point by displacing …

Effectiveness Of Resin Infiltration And Mi Paste Cpp-Acp In Masking White Spot Lesions, Melissa Wu Bailey

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The development of decalcification around orthodontic brackets and bands, commonly called white spot lesions (WSLs), is often observed in patients with poor oral hygiene during treatment (Behnan et al., 2010, Rodgers et al., 2010). In many instances, these WSLs continue to be visible after the removal of fixed appliances and after natural remineralization. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of two treatment modalities, resin infiltration (RI) and Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP), at improving the light reflectivity and thus the appearance of WSLs using spectrophotometric analysis. Sixty extracted human third molars were partially …

Evaluation Of Apical, Coronal And Occlusal Form Diffrences With Conventional Orthodontic Treatment, Tamar Sardarian

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) can be used to accurately identify dental landmarks in order to detect changes in dental arch forms. Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine how apical, coronal and occlusal arch forms change following orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and to establish a base for future studies. Material and Methods: Maxillary and mandibular apical, coronal and occlusal landmarks of 27 subjects were selected on their respective CBCT images at two time points: pre-orthodontic treatment (T1) and post-orthodontic treatment (T2). Comparisons were made between the two time points to evaluate how each arch form changed …

Effect Of Gingival Margin Design On Retention Of Thermoformed Orthodontic Aligners, Daniel P. Cowley

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose: The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of gingival margin design (scalloped vs. straight cut at gingival zenith vs. straight cut 2mm above gingival zenith) on the retention of thermoformed aligners. Retention of aligners is a critical requirement for efficient tooth movement.

Methods: Two thermoform aligner materials were used, Invisacryl A and Invisacryl C, in 0.040 mil (1mm) thickness. Six aligner designs were fabricated for each of the two aligner materials (12 total aligner designs). Aligner designs are scalloped, straight cut at gingival zenith (0mm), and straight cut 2mm above gingival zenith on a model with attachments. …

Titanium Nitride And Nitrogen Ion Implanted Coated Dental Materials, Youssef S. Al Jabbari, Jennifer Fehrman, Ashley C. Barnes, Angela M. Zapf, David W. Berzins, Spiros Zinelis

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Titanium nitride and/or nitrogen ion implanted coated dental materials have been investigated since the mid-1980s and considered in various applications in dentistry such as implants, abutments, orthodontic wires, endodontic files, periodontal/oral hygiene instruments, and casting alloys for fixed restorations. Multiple methodologies have been employed to create the coatings, but detailed structural analysis of the coatings is generally lacking in the dental literature. Depending on application, the purpose of the coating is to provide increased surface hardness, abrasion/wear resistance, esthetics, and corrosion resistance, lower friction, as well as greater beneficial interaction with adjacent biological and material substrates. While many studies have …

Three-Dimensional Force Systems Produced By Vertical V-Bends In An Arch Wire, Raja Shah

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Perceived Social Attributes Of College Students With Ideal Versus Non-Ideal Dental Esthetics Judged By Peers., David Jones

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of dentofacial appearance on perceived social attributes of college-aged adult males and females as judged by their peers. Specifically, the objective was to determine if ideal smile esthetics positively influenced this age group’s perception of opposite-sex peers based on ratings of the following psychosocial characteristics: attractiveness, desire to spend time with, desire to date, and desire for a long-term relationship. Evaluators were shown digital photographs of subjects with ideal and nonideal smiles and asked to rate those 4 attributes using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The subjects’ photographs with ideal …

The Effect Of Extracorporeal Shock Wave (Esw) On Cementoblasts In Vitro, Joshua Barta

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Root resorption is an adverse consequence of orthodontic treatment, and currently no effective treatment method exists. Extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) has been applied to enhance angiogenesis, growth and healing of bone, but the effects of ESW on root resorption have not been studied. Cementoblasts are the cells responsible for forming and repairing cementum covering the dental root, and ESW may enhance this reparative process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ESW on cementoblasts to determine if ESW could potentially be used to treat root resorption. OCCM.30 cementoblasts were prepared in suspension at a density of …

Intra- And Inter-Examiner Reliability And Inter-Method Comparison In Physical Anthropometry And Photogrammetry, Nikolay Mollov

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Orthodontic treatment can often effect changes in the facial complex. In order to assess what those changes are, precise and reliable methods for measuring facial structures need to be used. While the techniques used for measuring have become increasingly more sophisticated they have also become more expensive and cumbersome for daily use. This study investigated the reliability of two methods, physical anthropometry and photogrammetry, that were inexpensive and relatively easy to set up.

Materials and Methods: Ten examiners measured a sample comprised of 20 dental students (10 male, 10 female) twice over three weeks. Eighteen measurements were acquired directly …

Evaluation Of Critical Parameters Of Low Level Laser Irradiation On Human Osteoblast Cell Proliferation And Differentiation, Samuel Dean Waddoups

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Abstract

Orthodontic tooth movement is a biological response to a mechanical force. One of the challenges in orthodontics is obtaining desired tooth movement during treatment. Accelerating tooth movement and decreasing demands on anchorage can reduce treatment times and overall satisfaction for patient and doctor. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is emerging as a technology that may decrease orthodontic treatment time. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have reported the effects of low level lasers at random time points and energy densities. None of the studies have optimized the dose required for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study …

Three Dimensional Comparison Of Facial Morphology Of A Caucasian American Population And A Native Brazilian Population, William N. Turner

All ETDs from UAB

The aim of this study was to assess the use of 3-dimensional facial averages in determining facial morphologic differences in a Caucasian North American population and a native Brazilian population. Methods and Materials: Three-dimensional images were acquired through a commercially available stereo-photogrammetric camera system (The 3dMDfaceTM system). A total of 200 images from two population groups (Caucasian American and Native Brazilian) were taken. Each image was acquired as a facial mesh and orientated along a triangulated axis. All facial images were overlaid and superimposed, using Rapid Form 6 software to create a composite facial average of one man and one …