Dentistry Commons^™

Breaking The Bamboo Ceiling And De-Bunking The Model Minority Myth, Yun Saksena

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Leadership roles must incorporate representation from all involved individuals for the resulting decision-making process to reflect the interests and expertise of a diverse organization. Many resources have rightly focused on developing historically underrepresented racial and ethnic (HURE) leaders. Though numbers of Black and Hispanic dental school deans have increased, more work is needed for these and other HURE groups such as American Indians. Asians are not classified as HURE. As an aggregated group they have robust presence in the dental workforce in North America, the United Kingdom and Australia. The assumption is they are fine, so the group is ignored. …

Assessing The Agreement Of Light Microscopic Evaluation Of Oral Lichen Planus Lesions With Associated Direct Immunofluorescence Evaluation, Blake T. Hansen, Jeffrey B. Payne, Kaeli Samson, Peter J. Giannini

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

AIM/OBJECTIVE: Assess agreement between light microscopy and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) for histopathologic evaluation of oral lichen planus (OLP).

METHODS: Records evaluated included 60 OLP, 16 lichenoid mucositis (LM), and 56 non-OLP/non-LM cases. Cases had both light microscopic and DIF evaluations. Histopathologic parameters of OLP included: (1) hydropic degeneration of the basal cell layer, (2) band-like lymphocytic infiltrate immediately subjacent to the epithelium, and (3) presence of Civatte bodies. Two calibrated examiners independently assessed light microscopic features. Examiners reviewed cases with discordant diagnoses to determine a consensus diagnosis. Intra-rater reliability (IRR), sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) …

Prerequisites In Behavioral Sciences And Business Revisited A Decade Later: Ongoing Opportunities For Dental Education, Rebecca M. Beckler, Natalie A. Nuckolls, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Introduction: Ten years ago a study reported on the lack of prerequisites in behavioral sciences and business management for entry into dental college. The primary objective of this follow-up study was to assess the current status of similar prerequisite courses in both U.S. and Canadian dental schools. Materials and Methods: Required and recommended courses in behavioral sciences and in business in each North American dental school's official online publication were analyzed in December 2019. Admissions requirements were readily available in sixty-five of the sixty-eight U.S. dental schools and in all ten schools in Canada; three U.S. schools were contacted by …

Re-Imagining Machine Learning In Dental Research: A Lesson Learned From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jafar Kolahi, Mohammad Seyedhamzeh, David G. Dunning, Nader Kalbasi

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

At this time, humankind is experiencing on a global scale a frightening infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of September 25, 2020, more than 32.3 million cases have been reported in 188 countries, resulting in more than 984,000 official reported deaths.^[1],[2] During the course of human history, there have been several pandemics, for example, plague and smallpox. However, one of the main differences between COVID-19 and previous pandemics is the availability of computer-based technologies. Paralleling the global growth of COVID-19, studies using computer-based technologies have emerged (e.g., machine learning) to fight against …

Do Open Access Dental Articles Enjoy Higher Altmetric Attention Scores, Twitter, Facebook, News, Wikipedia, Blog Mentions, Mendeley Readers And Citations?, Jafar Kolahi, Saber Khazaei, David G. Dunning, Edward F. Rossomando

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

In order to access articles published in conventional (non-open access) journals, scientists must utilize tools such as subscriptions, site licenses or pay-per-view charges. In contrast, open access articles can be accessed without financial, legal or technical barriers. A large-scale study estimated that at least 28% of the academic literature is open access (19 million in total) and that this percentage is growing.^[1] A recent survey showed an open access rate in field of dentistry at 45.8%.^[2] It has been demonstrated that open access articles had 8% to 40% higher citations compared to non-open access articles; this has been …

Correlation Between Number Of Mendeley Readers And Citations In Dental Sciences, Jafar Kolahi, David G. Dunning, Edward F. Rossomando

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Scientific Landscape Of Dental Literature In 2018, Jafar Kolahi, David G. Dunning, Edward F. Rossomando

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

In the information age, human medical knowledge continues to grow exponentially, leading us to what could be best described as a knowledge tsunami. In 1950, medical knowledge doubled approximately every 50 years, by 1980, it doubled every 7 years, and by 2010, to a mere 3.5 years. Even more startling, in 2020 human medical knowledge will double in a stunning 73 days.^[1],[2] Nowadays dental professionals face unprecedented information overload and must somehow manage it. Text mining, network visualization, and big data management techniques will help us to analyze and summarize exponentially growing knowledge in field of dentistry. In …

Preprints In Dental Science: Dentrxiv As A Strategy To Bring Dental Research Into The Information Age, Jafar Kolahi, David G. Dunning, Edward F. Rossomando, Elham Bidram, Saber Khazaei

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Identifying Bias In The Transition From Associate To Dental Practice Owner, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Satisfaction Among Early And Mid-Career Dentists In A Metropolitan Dental Hospital In China, Xiaoxi Cui, David G. Dunning, Na An

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

A growing body of research has examined career satisfaction among dentists using a standardized instrument, dentist satisfaction survey (DSS). This project examined career satisfaction of early to mid-career dentists in China, a population whose career satisfaction, heretofore, has not been studied. This is an especially critical time to examine career satisfaction because of health care reform measures being implemented in China. A culturally sensitive Chinese-language version of the DSS (CDSS) was developed and electronically administered to 367 early and mid-career dentists in a tertiary dental hospital in Beijing, China. One hundred and seventy respondents completed the survey. The average total …

S4s8-Rpa Phosphorylation As An Indicator Of Cancer Progression In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas., Jeff Rector, Sasha Kapil, Kelly J. Treude, Phyllis Kumm, Jason G. Glanzer, Brendan M. Byrne, Shengqin Liu, Lynette M. Smith, Dominick J. Dimaio, Peter J. Giannini, Russell B. Smith, Greg G. Oakley

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Oral cancers are easily accessible compared to many other cancers. Nevertheless, oral cancer is often diagnosed late, resulting in a poor prognosis. Most oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas that predominantly develop from cell hyperplasias and dysplasias. DNA damage is induced in these tissues directly or indirectly in response to oncogene-induced deregulation of cellular proliferation. Consequently, a DNA Damage response (DDR) and a cell cycle checkpoint is activated. As dysplasia transitions to cancer, proteins involved in DNA damage and checkpoint signaling are mutated or silenced decreasing cell death while increasing genomic instability and allowing continued tumor progression. Hyperphosphorylation of Replication …

Articles For The Student Forum, Edward F. Rossomando, Jafar Kolahi, Francesco Chippelli, David G. Dunning, Heejung Bang, Saber Khazaei, Luca Giacomelli, Gunnar Hasselgren, Vuokko Anttonen

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Dexamethasone Prodrug On Inflamed Temporomandibular Joints In Juvenile Rats., Mitchell Knudsen, Matthew Bury, Callie Holwegner, Adam L. Reinhardt, Fang Yuan, Yijia Zhang, Peter J. Giannini, David B. Marx, Dong Wang, Richard A. Reinhardt

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

INTRODUCTION: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) often causes inflammation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and has been treated with both systemic and intra-articular steroids, with concerns about effects on growing bones. In this study, we evaluated the impact of a macromolecular prodrug of dexamethasone (P-DEX) with inflammation-targeting potential applied systemically or directly to the TMJ.

METHODS: Joint inflammation was initiated by injecting two doses of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) at 1-month intervals into the right TMJs of 24 growing Sprague-Dawley male rats (controls on left side). Four additional rats were not manipulated. With the second CFA injection, animals received (1) 5 …

Resources For Practice Management, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Mastl Kinase, A Promising Therapeutic Target, Promotes Cancer Recurrence., Ling Wang, Vivian Q. Luong, Peter J. Giannini, Aimin Peng

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Mastl kinase promotes mitotic progression and cell cycle reentry after DNA damage. We report here that Mastl is frequently upregulated in various types of cancer. This upregulation was correlated with cancer progression in breast and oral cancer, poor patient survival in breast cancer, and tumor recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We further investigated the role of Mastl in tumor resistance using cell lines derived from the initial and recurrent tumors of the same head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Ectopic expression of Mastl in the initial tumor cells strongly promoted cell proliferation in the presence of …

An In-Vitro Evaluation Of Mechanical And Esthetic Properties Of Orthodontic Sealants., Thyagaseely Sheela Premaraj, Nima Rohani, David Covey, Sundaralingam Premaraj, Yi Hua, Hidehiko Watanabe

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate mechanical and esthetic Properties of two commercially available orthodontic sealants: Opal(®)Seal (OS) and L.E.D. Pro Seal (PS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Discs of each sealant were prepared to test the following properties: Micro hardness, wear resistance and color stability. Samples were randomly selected after the wear test for SEM imaging to analyze surface morphology.

RESULTS: OS was significantly harder than PS (P < 0.001). PS was significantly more wear resistant than OS (P < 0.05). PS showed a greater ∆E*ab (increased staining) when placed in wine or coffee showing a significant difference (P < 0.05). SEM showed particle size, shape and distribution were different for PS and OS reflecting the pattern seen on wear surfaces.

CONCLUSION: Both orthodontic sealants are beneficial for protecting enamel. However with better wear properties PS was superior in resisting mechanical stresses. OS was more color stable.

Dental Student Debt In The U.S.: A Mountain To Be Scaled, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Dental student educational debt in the United States continues to grow as a concern for both dental educators and dental students. While certainly warranted, this concern needs to be understood from the perspective of return on investment. The student debt issue remains a critical one. However, this debt is essentially “good” debt when viewed as an investment made by associates/ employees of general dental practices and general dental practice owners.

Suicide Rate In The Dental Profession: Fact Or Myth And Coping Strategies, Brian M. Lange, Eric Y.K. Fung, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

This article summarizes relevant scientific data on the alleged high suicide rate among dentists as compared to other health care professions. Potential contributing risk factors for the dental profession are identified. In addition, a brief review is provided for major depressive disorder, a contributor to increased suicide, along with its symptoms, underlying theory, drug treatment and coping skills to combat this disorder.]

Etiquette In Making The Transition Into Private Practice, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

In this article, the author offers several tips for students who are making transition into private dental practice. It suggests not disclosing the agreed terms and information related with negotiating practice or dentist or organization. It states that the initial focus should not be concentrated on salary or compensation or practice performance indicators. It mentions that before getting into details of each opportunity, students needs to decide their priorities.

An Update On Practice Management Instruction In U.S. Dental Schools, David G. Dunning, Wenyu Qu, Brian M. Lange

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Over the last twenty-seven years, the evaluation of practice man- agement in dental schools has been documented by three studies. In twenty-seven years the teaching of practice management has been influenced by changes in the definition of practice manage- ment, resources available to dental schools, technology, changes in accreditation standards and, more recently, the influence of corpora- tions marketing to dental students. In an effort to determine what resources dental schools are utilizing to teach practice management, fifty-seven schools were contacted, and fifty faculty members with teaching responsibilities were identi- fied. An on-line email survey was administered and results reported …

A Preliminary Study Of Staff Meetings As Viewed By Dental Hygienists, David G. Dunning, Patrick Anderson, Daniel Ellingson

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Staff meetings in general dental practices represent what is believed to be a key management strategy to build teams and to enhance ef-ficiency and effectiveness. However, very little research has been done regarding staff meetings in dental offices. This study examined staff meetings from the viewpoint of dental hygienists who grow in unique careers in that they work largely independently of the dentist and yet typically within a dental practice while providing patient care and education. One-hundred-six dental hygienists completed a sur- vey about staff meetings in dental offices. Key findings include: only approximately 43% of dental offices conduct morning …

Introduction To The Special Issue On Practice Management, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Associate To Owner Transition: When Should A Dental Practice Be Valued?, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

No abstract provided.

A Dentigerous Cyst Associated With Bilaterally Impacted Mandibular Canines In A Girl: A Case Report., Shawneen M. Gonzalez, Peter M. Spalding, Jeffrey B. Payne, Peter J. Giannini

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

INTRODUCTION: A dentigerous cyst is the most common developmental odontogenic cyst and is frequently noted as an incidental finding on radiographs. The most common teeth affected are impacted mandibular third molars and permanent maxillary canines. This case involves a dentigerous cyst encompassing the right and left impacted mandibular canines and crossing the midline. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case of a dentigerous cyst encompassing non-adjacent teeth and crossing the midline.

CASE PRESENTATION: The patient presented to our orthodontic clinic for treatment of malocclusion. The patient was a 10-year, one-month-old Caucasian girl with a dentigerous …

Walking With Dental Students Through The Minefields Of Associateship Opportunities, David G. Dunning

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

The author reflects on the need of legal counsel for the dental students before signing any employment contract in a private dental practice firm. He states that the counsel can save both the students and owners from the problems which he called "mines". He further elaborate these "mines" which include lack of revenue or patients at the work place, compensation scheme causing too much profit for the owner and little or no discussion of the practice's value with the new associate.

Prerequisites In Behavioral Science And Business: Opportunities For Dental Education., David G. Dunning, Brian M. Lange, Robert D. Madden, Koko K. Tacha

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

There is increasing pressure on recent dental school graduates to understand and successfully utilize patient management and business management strategies to run a productive dental office. Dental schools are faced with the dilemma to either add more credit hours in their already crowded curriculum or adjust predental school requirements. All fifty-nine U.S. dental schools were assessed online to determine admission requirements in the areas of behavioral science and business education. Results show that only 11.9 percent of the schools require prerequisite course work in behavioral science and no school requires prerequisite course work in business. However, 64.4 percent and 30.5 …

Compensating Associates For Supervising Dental Hygiene Production In U.S. General Dental Practices: A Discussion Of A Frequently Taboo Topic, David G. Dunning, Brian M. Lange, Robert Madden

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Many associateship employment contracts in U.S. general dental practice, probably about 85% based on our review of over 100 contracts in the past decade, are silent about a key issue in associateships-- namely, compensating associates for supervising dental hygiene production. Not addressing this issue raises ethical questions as well as concerns about professional liability regarding the supervision of dental hygiene. The associate and owner need to include in an employment agreement what compensation will be given to the associate for supervising dental hygiene production. Compensating associates for supervising dental hygiene production will certainly have a …

Strategic Management And Organizational Behavior In Dental Education: Reflections On Key Issues In An Environment Of Change., David G. Dunning, Timothy M. Durham, Brian M. Lange, Mert N. Aksu

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

With issues such as shrinking revenue, access to care, faculty workloads, and graying faculty, dental schools are faced with difficult challenges that fall to dental school deans to manage. Do dental school deans have the organizational skill sets and ethical frameworks necessary to address the challenges now facing dental schools? The purpose of this article is to pose questions and suggestions regarding some of the key issues in dental colleges today and to stimulate discussion in the dental community about needed changes in dental education.

The State Of The Art In Evaluating The Performance Of Assistant And Associate Deans As Seen By Deans And Assistant And Associate Deans., David G. Dunning, Timothy M. Durham, Mert N. Aksu, Brian M. Lange

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

This study explores the little-understood process of evaluating the performance of assistant and associate deans at dental colleges in the United States and Canada. Specifically, this research aimed to identify the methods, processes, and outcomes related to the performance appraisals of assistant/associate deans. Both deans and assistant/associate deans were surveyed. Forty-four of sixty-six deans (66.7 percent) and 227 of 315 assistant/associate deans (72.1 percent) completed surveys with both close-ended and open-ended questions. In addition, ten individuals from each group were interviewed. Results indicate that 75-89 percent of assistant/associate deans are formally evaluated, although as many as 27 percent may lack …

Functional Activities And Immunohistochemical Cellular Distribution Of Glutathione S-Transferases In Normal, Dysplastic, And Squamous Cell Carcinoma Human Oral Tissues., Peter J. Giannini, Mark A. Morse, Christopher M. Weghorst, Ping Pei, Susan R. Mallery

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Clinical data show a strong correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). While this association implies that the oral mucosa actively metabolizes carcinogens, there is little information which depicts the carcinogen metabolizing enzymes within the oral cavity. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) primary function is to detoxify carcinogens by increasing their water solubility, GSTs represent key carcinogen metabolizing enzymes. Notably, individuals with a null phenotype for certain GST isoforms are at an increased risk to develop cancer. This study investigated the function and distribution of GSTs in human oral tissues. Our results from this …