Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Strategies And Challenges Associated With Recruiting Retirement Village Communities And Residents Into A Group Exercise Intervention, Rachel L. Duckham, Jamie L. Tait, Caryl A. Nowson, Kerrie M. Sanders, Dennis R. Taaffe, Keith D. Hill, Robin M. Daly

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the highest level of scientific evidence, but successful participant recruitment is critical to ensure the external and internal validity of results. This study describes the strategies associated with recruiting older adults at increased falls risk residing in retirement villages into an 18-month cluster RCT designed to evaluate the effects of a dual-task exercise program on falls and physical and cognitive function.

METHODS: Recruitment of adults aged ≥65 at increased falls risk residing within retirement villages (size 60-350 residents) was initially designed to occur over 12 months using two distinct cohorts (C). Recruitment occurred via …

Mechanical Suppression Of Osteolytic Bone Metastases In Advanced Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomised Controlled Study Protocol Evaluating Safety, Feasibility And Preliminary Efficacy Of Exercise As A Targeted Medicine, Nicolas H. Hart, Daniel A. Galvão, Christobel Saunders, Dennis R. Taaffe, Kynan T. Feeney, Nigel A. Spry, Daphne Tsoi, Hilary Martin, Raphael Chee, Tim Clay, Andrew D. Redfern, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Skeletal metastases present a major challenge for clinicians, representing an advanced and typically incurable stage of cancer. Bone is also the most common location for metastatic breast carcinoma, with skeletal lesions identified in over 80% of patients with advanced breast cancer. Preclinical models have demonstrated the ability of mechanical stimulation to suppress tumour formation and promote skeletal preservation at bone sites with osteolytic lesions, generating modulatory interference of tumour-driven bone remodelling. Preclinical studies have also demonstrated anti-cancer effects through exercise by minimising tumour hypoxia, normalising tumour vasculature and increasing tumoural blood perfusion. This study proposes to explore the promising …

Impact Of Biobanks On Research Outcomes In Rare Diseases: A Systematic Review, Monique Garcia, Jenny Downs, Alyce Russell, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Alleviating the burden of rare diseases requires research into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. We undertook a systematic review to identify and compare the impact of stand-alone registries, registries with biobanks, and rare disease biobanks on research outcomes in rare diseases.

METHODS: A systematic review and meta-aggregation was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (the PRISMA statement). English language publications were sourced from PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. Original research papers that reported clinical, epidemiological, basic or translational research findings derived from data contained in stand-alone registries, registries with biobanks, …

The Validity Of The Push Band 2.0 During Vertical Jump Performance, Jason P. Lake, Simon Augustus, Kieran Austin, Peter Mundy, John J. Mcmahon, Paul Comfort, Guy G. Haff

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Push Band has the potential to provide a cheap and practical method of measuring velocity and power during countermovement vertical jumping (CMJ). However, very little is known about whether it conforms to laboratory-based gold standards. The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between peak and mean velocity and power obtained from the belt-worn Push Band, and derived from three-dimensional motion capture, and vertical force from an in-ground force platform. Twenty-two volunteers performed 3 CMJ on a force platform, while a belt-worn Push Band and a motion capture system (a marker affixed to the Push Band) simultaneously …

“…Like You’Re Pushing The Snowball Back Up Hill”—The Experiences Of Australian Physiotherapists Promoting Non-Treatment Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study, Breanne E. Kunstler, Paul D. O'Halloran, Jill L. Cook, Joanne L. Kemp, Caroline Finch

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Participating in physical activity is important for maintaining general health. When physiotherapists promote physical activity for the purposes of maintaining or improving a patient‟s general health, they are promoting non-treatment physical activity. Physiotherapists have a responsibility to promote non-treatment physical activity to their patients while also providing the patient with treatment for their presenting complaint. This qualitative study explored the experiences of Australian physiotherapists promoting non-treatment physical activity to patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Ten Australian physiotherapists treating patients with musculoskeletal conditions in private practice and outpatient settings were recruited using a social media campaign and snowballing. All interviewees received one …

Effect Of Plyometric Training On Speed And Change Of Direction Ability In Elite Field Hockey Players, Jasdev Singh, Brendyn B. Appleby, Andrew P. Lavender

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study investigated the effects of two plyometric training protocols on sprint and change of direction (COD) performance in elite hockey players. A parallel-group randomized controlled trial design was used and seventeen elite male and female field hockey players were randomly allocated into either low-to-high (L-H, n = 8) or high-to-low (H-L, n = 9) training groups. Each group performed separate variations of the drop jump exercise twice weekly for six weeks, with an emphasis on either jump height (L-H) or drop height (H-L). Performance variables assessed included sprint times over 10 m and 20 m, as well as 505 …

Whole Body Vibration Exposure On Markers Of Bone Turnover, Body Composition, And Physical Functioning In Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Michael K. Baker, Carolyn J. Mcintyre, Daniel A. Galvão, Catherine Hunt, Nigel Spry, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: Women with breast cancer are often prescribed aromatase inhibitors, which can cause rapid loss of bone mass leading to significant potential for morbidity. Vibration training has been shown to be helpful in reducing bone turnover in postmenopausal women without cancer.

Aim: To examine the effect of vibration stimulus on markers of bone turnover in breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitors.

Methods: Thirty-one breast cancer survivors undergoing treatment with aromatase inhibitors were randomized to vibration stimulus (n = 14) or usual care control (n = 17). Low-frequency and low-magnitude vibration stimulus (27-32 Hz, 0.3g) was delivered in supervised …

Change In Knee Flexor Torque After Fatiguing Exercise Identifies Previous Hamstring Injury In Football Players, Cameron Lord, Fadi Ma'ayah, Anthony J. Blazevich

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Muscular fatigue and interlimb strength asymmetry are factors known to influence hamstring injury risk; however, limb‐specific exacerbation of knee flexor (hamstrings) torque production after fatiguing exercise has previously been ignored. To investigate changes in muscular force production before and after sport‐specific (repeated‐sprint) and non‐specific (knee extension‐flexion) fatiguing exercise, and explore the sensitivity and specificity of isokinetic endurance (ie, muscle‐specific) and single‐leg vertical jump (ie, whole limb) tests to identify previous hamstring injury. Twenty Western Australia State League footballers with previous unilateral hamstring injury and 20 players without participated. Peak concentric knee extensor and flexor (180°∙s⁻¹) torques were …

The Effect Of Maximal Isometric Training On Doublet-Induced Force Enhancement And Its Relationship With Changes In Voluntary Rate Of Force Development, David Vernon Murray

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Motor unit double discharges (i.e. doublets), which are excitatory potentials that occur at shorter-than-normal intervals (e.g. 5-10 ms) during normal muscle activation, are known to cause muscle force to exceed that predicted from a standard, linear summation of twitch forces. However, although a marked increase in the occurrence of motor unit doublets at the onset of a contraction has been observed after explosive-type exercise training, and has been correlated with changes in RFD (Van Cutsem et al., 1998), little is known about the influence of strength training on the physiological and biomechanical benefits derived from the phenomenon. The present research …

Intrarater Reliability And Agreement Of The Physioflow Bioimpedance Cardiography Device During Rest, Moderate And High-Intensity Exercise, Nicole Gordon, Chris R. Abbiss, Andrew J. Maiorana, Kieran J. Marston, Jeremiah J. Peiffer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The PhysioFlow bioimpedance cardiography device provides key measures of central systolic and diastolic and peripheral vascular function. Many of these variables have not been assessed for intrarater reliability and agreement during rest, submaximal exercise and high-intensity interval exercise. Twenty healthy adults (age: 26±4 years) completed two identical trials beginning with five minutes of rest followed by two 5-minute submaximal cycling bouts at 50% and 70% of peak power output. Subjects then completed ten 30-second cycling intervals at 90% of peak power output interspersed with 60 s of passive recovery. Bioimpedance cardiography (PhysioFlow; Manatec Biomedical, France) monitored heart rate, stroke volume, …

Profiling Shoulder Strength In Competitive Surfers, James Furness, Ben Schram, Tim Cottman-Fields, Brendan Solia, Josh Secomb

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The shoulder region has the highest incidence of acute injuries in the sport of surfing. Little is known about the strength profile at the shoulder in a surfing cohort. The primary aim of this study was to establish the reliability of a rotator cuff strength testing procedure for surfers with a secondary aim of providing a profile of internal and external rotation strength in a competitive surfing cohort. Shoulder internal rotation and external rotation isometric strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer in 13 competitive surfers. Intra-class coefficient values ranged from 0.97 to 0.98 for intra-rater reliability and were lower …

Active And Inactive Leg Hemodynamics During Sequential Single-Leg Interval Cycling, Nicole Gordon, Chris R. Abbiss, Mohammed Ihsan, Andrew J. Maiorana, Jeremiah J. Peiffer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction Leg order during sequential single-leg cycling (i.e., exercising both legs independently within a single session) may affect local muscular responses potentially influencing adaptations. This study examined the cardiovascular and skeletal muscle hemodynamic responses during double-leg and sequential single-leg cycling. Methods Ten young healthy adults (28 ± 6 yr) completed six 1-min double-leg intervals interspersed with 1 min of passive recovery and, on a separate occasion, 12 (six with one leg followed by six with the other leg) 1-min single-leg intervals interspersed with 1 min of passive recovery. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, blood pressure, muscle oxygenation, muscle blood volume, and …