Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exploring The Relationship Between Hemispheric Prefrontal Cortex Activation, Standing Balance, And Fatigue In Individuals Post-Stroke: A Fnirs Study, Sarthak Kohli

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Balance impairments are common after stroke. Reasons for this are multifactorial and include motor dysfunction and fatigue. Limited research has explored the combined effects of post-stroke fatigue and balance on brain activation patterns. Research has shown that prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation may be involved in both motor control and fatigue throughout the recovery process post-stroke. The aim of this thesis was to determine whether: (1) PFC activation levels change between standing balance tasks, (2) PFC hemispheric activation is asymmetric during standing balance tasks, and (3) fatigue levels are associated with task-based activation. Patients with hemiparesis were recruited from the inpatient …

Effects Of A 12-Week Remote Exercise Program On Balance In Adults With Down Syndrome, Kayla Kotake, Sherwin Cadiao, Nicole Kaes, Jayston Prudencio

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose/Hypothesis Individuals with Down syndrome (Ds) tend to have deficits in balance and postural control, which negatively affects their ability to perform physical activities safely and independently. Previous research has shown that exercise can improve balance in people with Ds, however, most studies looked at balance in children with Ds. As the average life expectancy for people with Ds has increased, there is a need for research investigating balance in adults with Ds. Also, there is a need to increase exercise opportunities (eg, remote exercise programs) for adults with Ds, as physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are prevalent among individuals …

Does Acute Fatigue Affect Lumbar Proprioception And Balance?, Ozde Depreli, Ender Angin

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: To investigate the acute effects of trunk extensor, abdominal, and calf muscle fatigue on lumbar proprioception and balance. Method: Seventy healthy individuals, aged between 18-25, without pain in the low back and lower extremities, with right dominant lower extremities, were included in the study. Dynamic balance with the Y-balance Test, lumbar proprioception sense with the application of the IOS software, and fatigue level with the 6-20 Borg Scale were evaluated before and immediately after the back extensor, abdominal, and calf muscle fatigue protocols were applied to the individuals at 72-hour intervals. Results: After all fatigue protocols, proprioception sense at …

Case Comparison Protocol: The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding For Improving Balance, Core Strength, And Endurance In Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome., Olivia Noone, Giana Russo, Hannah Kepple, Maureen Rinehimer

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Perturbation-Based Balance Training And Conventional Intensive Balance Training On Reactive Stepping Ability In Individuals With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Or Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Janelle Unger, Katherine Chan, Jae W Lee, B Catharine Craven, Avril Mansfield, Mohammad Alavinia, Kei Masani, Kristin E Musselman

Physical Therapy Publications

Introduction: Impaired balance leads to falls in individuals with motor incomplete spinal cord injury or disease (iSCI/D). Reactive stepping is a strategy used to prevent falls and Perturbation-based Balance Training (PBT) can improve this ability.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if PBT results in greater improvements in reactive stepping ability than frequency-matched Conventional Intensive Balance Training (CIBT) in adults with iSCI/D.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Tertiary SCI/D rehabilitation center.

Participants: Twenty-one adults with chronic (>1 year) iSCI/D were randomized. Due to one drop out 20 participants completed the study.

Methods: Participants were randomly allocated …

A Consensus Guide To Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy In Posture And Gait Research, Jasmine C. Menant, Inbal Maidan, Lisa Alcock, Emad Al-Yahya, Antonio Cerasa, David J. Clark, Eling D. De Bruin, Sarah Fraser, Vera Gramigna, Dennis Hamacher, Fabian Herold, Roee Holtzer, Meltem Izzetoglu, Shannon Lim, Annette Pantall, Paulo Pelicioni, Sue Peters, Andrea L. Rosso, Rebecca St George, Samuel Stuart, Roberta Vasta, Rodrigo Vitorio, Anat Mirelman

Physical Therapy Publications

Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly used in the field of posture and gait to investigate patterns of cortical brain activation while people move freely. fNIRS methods, analysis and reporting of data vary greatly across studies which in turn can limit the replication of research, interpretation of findings and comparison across works.

Research question and methods: Considering these issues, we propose a set of practical recommendations for the conduct and reporting of fNIRS studies in posture and gait, acknowledging specific challenges related to clinical groups with posture and gait disorders.

Results: Our paper is organized around three main sections: …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Balance And Walking Improvements In An Adolescent With Cerebral Palsy (Gmfcs Ii) And Autism After Motor-Assisted Elliptical Training, Guilherme Manna Cesar, Thad W. Buster, Judith M. Burnfield

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Purpose: To quantify the impact of motor-assisted elliptical (ICARE) training on cardiorespiratory fitness, balance and walking function of an adolescent with walking limitations due to cerebral palsy.

Materials and methods: A thirteen-year-old boy with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Function Classification System II) and autism participated. Peak oxygen consumption (peak VO₂, primary outcome measure), oxygen cost of walking, Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), modified Timed Up and Go (mTUG), 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), and gait characteristics (speed, cadence, step length, single support time) were assessed prior to and after completion of 24 sessions of moderate- to vigorous- intensity ICARE …

Screening Of Physical Activity Levels In Older Adults At A Community-Based Health Fair: A Feasibility Study, David B. Gillette, Preeti Oza, Todd E. Davenport

Pacific Journal of Health

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of activity level screenings in community-based health fairs. Additionally, we assessed relationships between participants’ sociodemographics, health-related factors and self-reported activity levels.

Methods: Feasibility was assessed by the time required to conduct screenings and ease of integrating it into the health fair workflow. Physical Therapy students collected responses using Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and the Physical Activity Level (PAL) items from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Results:Screenings increased service and wait times. Participants (N=37, mean age=71.5 years) reported a mean of 4.8 fall risk factors, …

Preseason Y Balance Test Scores Are Not Associated With Noncontact Time-Loss Lower Quadrant Injury In Male Collegiate Basketball Players, Jason Brumitt, Kyle Nelson, Duane Duey, Matthew Jeppson, Luke Hammer

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The Y-Balance Test-Lower Quarter has shown promise as a screening tool for identifying athletes at risk of injury. Subsequent studies, utilizing heterogeneous populations or different operational definitions of injury, have presented equivocal findings. Therefore, studies evaluating the efficacy of the Y-Balance Test to discriminate injury risk in a homogeneous population is warranted. One-hundred sixty-nine male (mean age 19.9 + 1.5 y) collegiate basketball players were recruited during 2 consecutive seasons (2016–2017/2017–2018). Athletes completed the Y-Balance testing protocol at the start of each preseason. Athletic trainers tracked noncontact time-loss lower quadrant injuries over the course of the season. Receiver operator characteristic …

Preseason Y Balance Test Scores Are Not Associated With Noncontact Time-Loss Lower Quadrant Injury In Male Collegiate Basketball Players, Jason Brumitt, Kyle Nelson, Duane Duey, Matthew Jeppson, Luke Hammer

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The Y-Balance Test-Lower Quarter has shown promise as a screening tool for identifying athletes at risk of injury. Subsequent studies, utilizing heterogeneous populations or different operational definitions of injury, have presented equivocal findings. Therefore, studies evaluating the efficacy of the Y-Balance Test to discriminate injury risk in a homogeneous population is warranted. One-hundred sixty-nine male (mean age 19.9 + 1.5 y) collegiate basketball players were recruited during 2 consecutive seasons (2016–2017/2017–2018). Athletes completed the Y-Balance testing protocol at the start of each preseason. Athletic trainers tracked noncontact time-loss lower quadrant injuries over the course of the season. Receiver operator characteristic …

Identification Of Functional Parameters For The Classification Of Older Female Fallers And Prediction Of ‘First-Time’ Fallers, Niklas König Ignasiak

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Falls remain a challenge for ageing societies. Strong evidence indicates that a previous fall is the strongest single screening indicator for a subsequent fall and the need for assessing fall risk without accounting for fall history is therefore imperative. Testing in three functional domains (using a total 92 measures) were completed in 84 older women (60–85 years of age), including muscular control, standing balance, and mean and variability of gait. Participants were retrospectively classified as fallers (n = 38) or non-fallers (n = 42) and additionally in a prospective manner to identify first-time fallers (FTFs) (n = 6) within a …

Establishing Normative Values For The Barnett Balance Assessment Tool: A Preliminary Study, Monica L. Cercone, Katherine M. Grulke-Kidd, Alora S. Haskin, Kyle M. Medearis, Clarissa J. Wegner, Ellen Herlache-Pretzer

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

The purpose of this study was to establish normative data for the Barnett Balance Assessment (BBA) for individuals ages 18-70+ years. The BBA is a newly developed assessment tool that may address limitations present in other assessments currently used to detect balance deficits. The BBA was administered to 141 participants who had no history of medical issues that could impact balance. A review of the normative data collected indicated little variation in total assessment scores in the age categories of 18-29, 30-39, and 40-49, due to the presence of a ceiling effect. Variations existed in scores among participants in the …

The Effects Of Virtual Rehabilitation Following Acquired Brain Injury: A Feasibility Study, Taylor L. Randall

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Increasingly the Nintendo Wii has been cited as an adjunctive tool for physical rehabilitation among healthy young and older adults, and among diverse range of patient populations (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, Cerebral Palsy, and Down syndrome) in clinical settings. However, evidence supporting the implementation of Wii-habilitation in community settings remains limited. The present study evaluates the feasibility of a 4-week community based exercise program using the Nintendo Wii™; as a tool for improving balance in individuals with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) several years post injury. This study also evaluates whether use of the Wii™ in this context may lead to clinically …

The Effects Of A Home Based Virtual Reality Rehabilitation Program On Balance Among Individuals With Parkinson’S Disease, Michelle L. Gu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Increasingly, the Nintendo Wii gaming system has been cited as an adjunctive tool for physical rehabilitation, particularly among older adults and individuals with limited mobility. However, evidence supporting “Wii-hab” remains predominantly anecdotal. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a 12-week home-based exercise program designed around the Wii, in improving balance of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Fifteen individuals with PD engaged in three 30-minute Wii balance-training sessions per week, for 12 weeks. Balance was assessed using a forceplate in 4 quiet standing conditions of varying difficulty at 3 testing sessions: (1) baseline; (2) 6 weeks; and (3) 12 weeks. …

The Efficacy Of A Balance Strategy Training Circuit For Community Based Elders Who Have Had A Fall, Jennifer Nitz, Nancy Low Choy

Nancy Low Choy

Background:
Older people participate in exercise programmes to reduce the risk of falls but no study has investigated a specific balance strategy training intervention presented in a workstation format for small groups.

Objective:
To determine whether a specific balance strategy training programmeme delivered in a workstation format was superior to a community based exercise class programme for reducing falls.

Design:
A randomised controlled trial model.

Setting:
Neurological Disorders, Ageing and Balance Clinic, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland.

Subjects:
73 males and females over 60 years, living independently in the community and who had fallen in the previous year …