Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Harm Reduction In Undergraduate And Graduate Medical Education: A Systematic Scoping Review, Kelsey R. Smith, Nina K. Shah, Abby L. Adamczyk, Lara C. Weinstein, Erin L. Kelly

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Substance use increasingly contributes to early morbidity and mortality, which necessitates greater preparation of the healthcare workforce to mitigate its harm. The purpose of this systematic scoping review is to: 1) review published curricula on harm reduction for substance use implemented by undergraduate (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) in the United States and Canada, 2) develop a framework to describe a comprehensive approach to harm reduction medical education, and 3) propose additional content topics for future consideration.

METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, ERIC: Education Resources Information Center (Ovid), and MedEdPORTAL were searched. Studies included any English language curricula about harm …

A Phenomenological Inquiry Into Healthcare Professionals Who Are Experts In Cannabinoid Therapy And The Endocannabinoid System (Ecs), Courtney Collins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cannabis is a prevalent alternative treatment for many symptoms and conditions given its medicinal qualities and few side effects. As legalization for both medical and recreational purposes continue to develop quickly across the United States of America, there is serious discrepancy between legalization and clinical research. Clinical data is difficult since the U.S. federal government still classifies cannabis as a Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) Schedule I drug with no clearly established medical value. This lag in evidence-base data has affected cannabinoid therapy and endocannabinoid system education (ECS) for healthcare professionals. There are gaps in medical school and continuing medical education …

Assessment And Diagnostic Practices Relating To Autism Spectrum Disorder In The United States And Mexico, Maria Valdez, Jessica R. Stewart, Wan-Lin Chang, Ruth Crutchfield, Ralph Carlson

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The present study examined and compared professional assessment and diagnostic practices relating to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Mexico and the United States (U.S.). This information is of great importance because there is an extremely limited amount of information pertaining the assessment and diagnostic practices for ASD in Mexico and little is known about how these practices compare to those in the U.S. Methods: Archival data from a survey investigating ASD in the U.S. and Mexico was used for this study. Participants included 29 professionals from the U.S. and 7 professionals from Mexico. Professionals were from a variety of …

Correlating Measles Cases And Vaccination Rates In The United States And Abroad, Charu L. Gupta

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Introduction: Measles is a highly contagious and vaccine-preventable viral respiratory infection that continues to affect children and adults in the United States (U.S.) and abroad. Objective: This study aims to correlate vaccination rates and measles cases in the U.S. to countries worldwide during 1995 to 2000 and 2013 to 2018. Methods: Two datasets, measles reported cases and percent single dose measles-containing-vaccine coverage in 1-year old infants, were obtained from World Health Observatory Data portal for 165 countries. Third dataset, population dynamics, was utilized from World Bank portal to convert reported measles cases to measles case rates for selected 165 countries. …

Doctoral Physical Therapy Students' Increased Confidence Following Exploration Of Active Video Gaming Systems In A Problem-Based Learning Curriculum In The United States: A Pre-And Post-Intervention Study, Michelle E. Wormley, Wendy Romney, Diana Veneri, Andrea Oberlander

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Purpose: Active video gaming (AVG) is used in physical therapy (PT) to treat individuals with a variety of diagnoses across the lifespan. The literature supports improvements in balance, cardiovascular endurance, and motor control; however, evidence is lacking regarding the implementation of AVG in PT education. This study investigated doctoral physical therapy (DPT) students' confidence following active exploration of AVG systems as a PT intervention in the United States.

Methods: This pretest-posttest study included 60 DPT students in 2017 (Cohort 1) and 55 students in 2018 (Cohort 2) enrolled in a problem-based learning curriculum. AVG systems were embedded into patient cases …

Female Infertility In The United States And India: An Analysis Of Treatment Barriers And Coping Strategies, Devneet Singh

Honors Theses

This research studies barriers to accessing fertility treatment in the United States (U.S.) and India, as well as the coping strategies infertile women use. Barriers include reproductive health knowledge, cost, and politics, while coping is affected by cultural stigma, family, and religion. These two countries were chosen for their different cultural contexts, healthcare systems, and political infrastructure. Ten fertility specialists across both countries were interviewed as expert informants. Reproductive health knowledge was the most important barrier to accessing care in both countries, with similar gaps in understanding when and what type of care to utilize, though social media can educate …

Save The Rich, Connor Harris

English Department: Research for Change - Wicked Problems in Our World

The problem of medication pricing and lobbying in the healthcare industry has caused millions of people within the United States to not be able to afford medications essential to their lives. Pharmaceutical companies are taking advantage of the need people have for certain drugs by setting the sale price far higher than it costs to produce. My suggested solution is to make lobbying illegal in the United States so that pharmaceutical companies would not have control over government officials who pass laws to help or hurt the issue of medication pricing. Illegalizing government lobbying will take away the incentive politicians …

The Importance Of Doctor Liability In Medical Malpractice Law: China Versus The United States, Vincent R. Johnson

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

Medical malpractice law in China does not work. Disappointed patients and their families, or the gangs they hire, frequently resort to physical violence, beating up doctors and disrupting hospital activities in order to extort settlements. This happens because Chinese law has failed to provide viable remedies to many victims of medical malpractice.

This dysfunctional situation (medical chaos or yinao) has persisted for more than two decades. Today, parents in China discourage their children from attending medical school because practicing medicine is too dangerous.

Reforming Chinese medical malpractice law will be difficult. Many factors contribute to the public’s lack of confidence …

A Comparison Of Screening, Prevention, And Management For Hepatitis B Patients Between The Us And Chinese Healthcare Systems, Thomas Chen, James D. Plumb, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: Hepatitis B (HBV) is a complex disease entity with potentially serious outcomes, including developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV is estimated to be responsible for about 50-80% of HCC cases worldwide, and 75-95% of HCC cases in HBV endemic regions.¹ HBV and HCC are great concerns especially in East Asian countries like China. In China, HCC ranks as the 2^nd most common cancer and 2^nd in cancer mortality, both behind only lung cancer.¹ China is considered an endemic HBV region, with about 100-150 million people infected. In comparison, only an estimated 550,000-2 million people are chronically …

Assessment Of Texan Pharmacists' Attitudes, Behaviors, And Preferences Related To Continuing Pharmacy Education, Fadi M. Alkhateeb, Omar F. Attarabeen, Alameddine Sarah

Pharmacy Practice & Administration

Background: Whether the available Continuing Education (CE) programs meet pharmacists’ continuously increasing needs and preferences is open to question.

Objectives: to investigate pharmacists’ perceptions and attitudes concerning available CE programs, evaluate the pharmacists’ choices with regard to selecting among different CE programs, and investigate the factors that are associated with preference to utilize online CE programs.

Method: A 17-question survey was developed and mailed to a random sample of 600 Texan pharmacists. In addition to collecting basic demographic information, the survey investigated pharmacists’ choices with regard to delivery and content of CE programs, motivations to participation in CE programs, and …

Hospitalist Involvement In Family Medicine Residency Training: A Cera Study, Robert A. Baldor, Judith A. Savageau, Navkiran Shokar, Stacy E. Potts, Joseph Gravel Jr., Kimberly Eisenstock, James Ledwith

Judith A. Savageau

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the impact of hospitalists on family medicine residencies. We surveyed family medicine residency directors to assess attitudes about hospitalists and their involvement in residency teaching.

METHODS: Questions were included in the 2012 Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) survey of family medicine residency directors. Univariate statistics were used to describe programs, directors, and our questions on the use of hospitalists. Bivariate statistics were used to examine relationships between the use of hospitalists to teach and program characteristics.

RESULTS: Forty-one percent (n=175) of residency directors completed the hospitalist section of the …

Transforming Health Professions' Education Through In-Country Collaboration: Examining The Consortia Among African Medical Schools Catalyzed By The Medical Education Partnership Initiative., Zohray M. Talib, Elsie Kiguli-Malwadde, Hannah Wohltjen, Miliard Derbew, Yakub Mulla, David Olaleye, Nelson Sewankambo

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: African medical schools have historically turned to northern partners for technical assistance and resources to strengthen their education and research programmes. In 2010, this paradigm shifted when the United States Government brought forward unprecedented resources to support African medical schools. The grant, entitled the Medical Education Partnership Initiative (MEPI) triggered a number of south-south collaborations between medical schools in Africa. This paper examines the goals of these partnerships and their impact on medical education and health workforce planning.

METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the Principal Investigators of the first four MEPI programmes that formed an in-country consortium. These …

Prenatal Oral Health Education In U.S. Dental Schools And Obstetrics And Gynecology Residencies, Megan Curtis, Hugh Silk, Judith A. Savageau

Judith A. Savageau

Prenatal oral health (POH) is an important health issue, but dental and obstetrical clinicians are not meeting the oral health needs of pregnant patients. This study evaluates how training contributes to this paradox with a national survey of sixty dental school deans and 240 obstetrics and gynecology residency program directors. Response rates were 53 percent and 40 percent for deans and program directors, respectively. According to the respondents, 94 percent of responding dental schools provided POH education, only 39 percent of responding residencies taught POH, and 65 percent of responding deans and 45 percent of responding program directors were aware …

Plagiarism Of Ideas. Benjamin Rush And Charles Caldwell--A Student-Mentor Dispute, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

American College Of Clinical Pharmacy White Paper: Cultural Competency In Health Care And Its Implications For Pharmacy Part 3a: Emphasis On Pharmacy Education, Curriculums, And Future Directions, Mary Beth O'Connell, Magaly Rodriguez De Bittner, Therese Poirier, Lamis R. Karaoui, Margarita Echeverri, Aleda M.H. Chen, Shin-Yu Lee, Deepti Vyas, Christine K. O’Neil, Anita N. Jackson

Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

Culture influences patients' beliefs and behaviors toward health and illness. As the U.S. population becomes more diverse, a critical need exists for pharmacy education to incorporate patient-centered culturally sensitive health care knowledge and skills into the curriculum. Nursing was the first profession to incorporate this type of learning and training into its curriculums, followed by medicine. Pharmacy has also made great progress to revise curriculums, but inconsistency exists in depth, breadth, and methods across pharmacy colleges. This article addresses important aspects of pharmacy education such as curriculum development, incorporation of educational innovations and techniques into the teaching of patient-centered culturally …

Friends Of Nursing: A Community Of Caring To Promote Excellence In Nursing Practice, Education, And Research, Kim S. Hitchings Msn, Rn, Nea-Bc, Terry Capuano Rn, Svp, Clinical Services, Mary Ellen Herzog Med, Cfre, Cgms

Terry A Capuano MBA, MSN, RN, FACHE, NE-BC

More than 25 years ago, the name "Friends of Nursing" was adopted by an academic, community Magnet(®) hospital to signify a model for community support of nursing. From inception, the intent was to recruit philanthropic dollars to promote recognition of and excellence in nursing practice, education, and research. Although philanthropy in health care settings is common, what is unique about this program is the long-standing, dedicated conceptual framework for nursing philanthropy and the very significant number of philanthropic dollars from literally thousands of donors to support a diverse range of activities to affect and advance the professional excellence of nurses …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 61, Number 2, Spring 2012

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Features:

• Cultivating Great Physicians & the Timeless Art of Physical Diagnosis
• Waking Up to a Sleepy Specialty
• Dancing the Hygiene Hustle

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 61, Number 1, Winter 2012

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Features:

• The Gift of Time for Patients with Advanced Bile Duct Cancer
• Celiac Disease: Overcoming a Stealth Public Health Menace
• Light Therapy for a Blue Planet and Beyond

The Clinical Gaze In The Practice Of Migrant Health: Indigenous Mexican Migrants In The United States, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

This paper utilizes eighteen months of ethnographic and interview research undertaken in 2003 and 2004 as well as follow-up fieldwork from 2005 to 2007 to explore the sociocultural factors affecting the interactions and barriers between U.S. biomedical professionals and their unauthorized Mexican migrant patients. The participants include unauthorized indigenous Triqui migrants along a transnational circuit from the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, to central California, to northwest Washington State and the physicians and nurses staffing the clinics serving Triqui people in these locations. The data show that social and economic structures in health care and subtle cultural factors in biomedicine keep …

Treating Mentoring Programs As A Scholarly Endeavor, Shane P. Desselle

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

The author discusses mentoring programs for pharmacy school faculty and the research literature around forming these programs.

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 60, Number 4, Fall 2011

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Features:

• Retainer Physicians: Old-Fashioned Medicine or Destabilizing Trend?
• Advancing Therapeutics for Sickle Cell and Leukemia Patients
• JMC, the American Civil War and the Birth of Modern Emergency Medicine

Osler Came To Boston, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 60, Number 3, Summer 2011

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Features:

• Jefferson Graduate Climbs High
• Robotic Surgery Prompts Converts and Critics
• Feelling Ill? There's an App for That

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 60, Number 1, Winter 2011

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Features:

• Women in Medicine: Bridging the Gaps
• Time & Place
• Jefferson Women: Leaders Through the Decades
• Personal Stories

Accelerated Baccalaureate Nursing Students: Perceptions Of Success, Barbara B. Blozen

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Although there are a number of anecdotal reports on demographic characteristics and academic success of accelerated nursing students, few empirical studies have been undertaken to examine these students' success, despite this type of programs' existence for more than a decade, and only three studies have soughtto examine the perspective of the accelerated nursing student. Using Knowles' adult learning theory as a guiding framework, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore, from the accelerated nursing students' perspective, the factors they reported as contributing to their success on the NCLEX-RN. This study also examined demographic characteristics of these accelerated students. …

The Effect Of A Global Multiculturalism Track On Cultural Competence Of Preclinical Medical Students, Michael A. Godkin, Judith A. Savageau

Judith A. Savageau

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect of an elective (the Global Multiculturalism Track), including international and domestic immersion experiences, on the cultural competence of preclinical medical students. METHODS: A self-assessment instrument was used to measure cultural competence, and it was administered to Track participants and nonparticipating class cohorts at the beginning and the end of the preclinical years. RESULTS: Track participants (n=26) had a higher level of cultural competence both at the beginning and at the end of the program. At the end of their second year, students participating in the Track had, for the first time, greater knowledge of certain …

Parce Qu'ils Sont Plus Pres Sol: L'Invisibilisation De La Souffrance Sociale Des Cueilleurs De Baies, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

No abstract provided.

An Ethnographic Study Of The Social Context Of Migrant Health In The United States, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

Background

Migrant workers in the United States have extremely poor health. This paper aims to identify ways in which the social context of migrant farm workers affects their health and health care.

Methods and Findings

This qualitative study employs participant observation and interviews on farms and in clinics throughout 15 months of migration with a group of indigenous Triqui Mexicans in the western US and Mexico. Study participants include more than 130 farm workers and 30 clinicians. Data are analyzed utilizing grounded theory, accompanied by theories of structural violence, symbolic violence, and the clinical gaze. The study reveals that farm …

Are Differences In Exposure To A Multicomponent School-Based Intervention Associated With Varying Dietary Outcomes In Adolescents?, Amanda S. Birnbaum, Leslie A. Lytle, Mary Story, Cheryl L. Perry, David M. Murray

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Multicomponent interventions are recommended for health behavior change among adolescents. However, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of multiple intervention components. This article reports outcomes associated with varying levels of exposure to a school-based nutrition intervention, Teens Eating for Energy and Nutrition at School (TEENS). Four incremental exposureswere possible: (1) control group, (2) school environment interventions only, (3) classroom plus environment interventions, and (4) peer leaders plus classroom plus environment interventions. Patterns suggesting dose response were observed, with peer leaders reporting the largest increases in fruit, vegetable, and lower fat food consumption. Students exposed to classroom plus environment interventions …

"And The Band Played On...", David A. Nash

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.