Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Home-Based Pilates In Healthy College-Age Females, Betsy Donahoe-Fillmore, Mary Fisher, C. Brahler

C. Jayne Brahler

Objectives: To quantify and determine the effects of Pilates on core endurance, hamstring flexibility, balance, body composition/mass and perceived stress level in healthy college age females.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial design.

Background: Emerging research on the Pilates technique is inconclusive regarding benefits to core endurance, flexibility, balance, body mass, and perceived stress.

Methods and Measures: Female college students (n=57; 18-35 years old) were randomly assigned to a Pilates group, who exercised at home with a DVD, or a control group who did not engage in Pilates practice. Core endurance, hamstring flexibility, balance, body composition and stress measurements were taken …

An Analysis Of Functional Status In Multiple Sclerosis Patients After Progressive Non-Aerobic High-Intensity Maximal Effort Exercise (Mee), Hilda Lai, Michael Kuchera, R Dombroski, T Vardy, F Thomas, S O’Brien, P Yagnik, K Wenzel, S Stoll, Bruce Stouch, M. T. Wallin, I. Vargas,, Olufolake Odutola

Michael Kuchera

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease with a wide-ranging impact on functional status. MS patient function has been assessed using Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite Score (MSFCS). The MSFCS includes the standardized scores (Z-score) of three functional tests: the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT-3”) for cognitive function, 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) for upper extremity function, and timed 25-foot walk (25-TW) for lower extremity function. One of the most common symptoms experienced by MS patients is severe fatigue, often brought on suddenly by aerobic exercise. Non-aerobic maximal effort exercise (MEE) is thought to increase strength without increasing fatigue. The IsoPUMP® …

The Effect Of Progressive Non-Aerobic High-Intensity Maximal Effort Exercise (Mee) On The Health-Related Quality Of Life In Patients With Multiple Sclerosis, Olufolake Odutola, Michael Kuchera, R Dombroski, T Vardy, F Thomas, S O’Brien, P Yagnik, K Wenzel, S Stoll, Bruce Stouch, M W, I Vargas, Hilda Lai

Michael Kuchera

Background: Studies indicate that Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients are less satisfied with the quality of their lives than healthy individuals in similar circumstances. Common symptoms experienced include fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, pain, spasticity, depression, bladder/bowel dysfunction and sexual dysfunction. Several pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods have been employed for such symptoms to try to increase quality of life and reduce the mortality rate. Non-pharmacological methods recommended for MS patients include lifestyle modifications, exercise programs and physical therapy. MS patients easily fatigue during aerobic exercise but a non-aerobic progressive maximal effort exercise (MEE) protocol consisting of a few short, duration isometric and eccentric …

Effects Of Non-Aerobic Maximal Effort Exercise On Fatigue In Deconditioned Men And Women With Multiple Sclerosis, Jessica Korsh, Michael Kuchera, R Dombroski, T Vardy, F Thomas, S O’Brien, P Yagnik, K Wenzel, S Stoll, Bruce Stouch, M Wallin, Jeffrey Nelson

Michael Kuchera

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology affecting women more frequently than men. Mental and physical fatigue complaints are often the most disabling symptoms for an MS patient. Both are multifactorial, potentially exacerbated by aerobic exercise, may prevent sustained physical functioning, and significantly interfere with activities of daily living1. A multi-center study was designed to investigate the effects of non-aerobic maximal effort exercise (MEE) for deconditioned persons with MS, with the expectation of minimizing fatigue. The IsoPUMP (Neuromuscular Engineering; Nashville, TN), is a specialized exercise and strength-sensing machine, designed to allow individuals to safely perform and record …

Sedentary Behavior And Related Factors Among Full-Time, University Faculty, Anna Greer, Mary Keenan

Anna E. Greer

Purpose– Sedentary behavior, independent of physical activity, is a risk factor for both morbidity and mortality. Little is known about factors related to sedentary behavior. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between sedentary behavior and the demographic characteristics, perceived physical activity (PA) environment, and PA behaviors of 72 full-time, university faculty members. Design/methodology/approach– For this cross-sectional study, data were collected online using Survey Monkey®. Findings– Participants spent an average of 473 and 328 minutes/weekend day in sedentary activity. There was a positive correlation between minutes spent in vigorous PA and minutes spent sedentary while watching TV …

Sedentary Behavior And Related Factors Among Full-Time, University Faculty, Mary Keenan, Anna Greer

Anna E. Greer

Purpose - Sedentary behavior, independent of physical activity, is a risk factor for both morbidity and mortality. Little is known about factors related to sedentary behavior. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between sedentary behavior and the demographic characteristics, perceived physical activity (PA) environment, and PA behaviors of 72 full-Time, university faculty members. Design/methodology/approach - For this cross-sectional study, data were collected online using Survey Monkey®. Findings - Participants spent an average of 473 and 328 minutes/weekend day in sedentary activity. There was a positive correlation between minutes spent in vigorous PA and minutes spent sedentary …

Indirect Effects Of Exercise On Emotional Eating Through Psychological Predictors Of Weight Loss In Women, James Annesi, Nicole Mareno

Nicole Mareno

Body Image Avoidance, Body Dissatisfaction, And Eating Pathology: Is There A Difference Between Male Gym Users And Non–Gym Users?, Peta Stapleton, Timothy Mcintyre, Amy Bannatyne

Peta B. Stapleton

With research highlighting the increasing prevalence and severity of body image and eating disturbances in males, particularly athletes and regular gymnasium users, the current study examined body image and eating disturbances in a sample of male gym users and non–gym users (N = 180). Based on previous research, it was predicted that male gym users would report greater body image disturbance (e.g., body image avoidance and body dissatisfaction) and eating pathology, compared with non–gym users. Results of the study partially supported hypotheses, revealing body dissatisfaction and eating pathology were significantly increased in male gym users. However, no significant differences were …

Older Black Women’S Experiences Initiating And Maintaining Physical Activity: Implications For Theory And Practice, Anna Greer, Beau Greer, Ash Tucker

Anna E. Greer

Using a semi-structured discussion guide, 15 interviews were conducted with physically active, older, Black women living in the Eastern U.S. to examine what contributed to participants’ physical activity initiation and maintenance. Thematic analysis organized content. Constant comparison methods compared themes between participants. Participants initiated physical activity when a cue to action, such as weight gain or a medical issue, triggered a perceived need to exercise. When participants initiated physical activity, they experienced immediate unexpected benefits, such as improved energy. Participants reported continuing activity because of these initial benefits. After continued physical activity over time, participants experienced the health benefits they …

Travel To, And Use Of, Twenty-One Michigan Trails, Anna Greer, Julian Reed, Lisa Grost, Christina Harvey, Karah Mantinan

Anna E. Greer

Objective and methods: This study examined trail use among 857 trail users on 21 trails in Michigan from 2008 to 2011 using a valid and reliable intercept survey. Results: Most of the 857 participants traveled to the trail from their home (92.6%), lived within 15 min of the trails (74.8%), and used active transport to travel to the trails 69.7%. The odds of active transport to the trails were greater among those who had not graduated high school (OR=3.49; 95% CI=1.02, 11.99) and high school graduates (OR=7.432; 95% CI=2.02, 27.30) compared to college graduates. Whites and adults also had greater …

Interactive Video Gaming Maintains Vo2 & Hr At Current Recommended Exercise Intensities For Cardiovascular Fitness, Michael Jarrett, Shaelee Allen, Jacob Barkley, Janet Dufek, Paul Hafen, Krystina Moschella, James Navalta, Robert Rietjens, Richard Tandy, Antonio Santo

Jacob E Barkley

The purpose of this study was to determine the energy cost of playing select games on the Nintendo Wii for 30 contiguous minutes and whether or not the physical interaction of the participant with the gaming system and subsequent physiologic intensity diminishes with playing time.

Association Of A Behaviorally Based High School Health Education Curriculum With Increased Exercise, James Annesi, John Trinity, Nicole Mareno, Stephanie Walsh

Nicole Mareno

Physical Activity During Pregnancy In A Prospective Cohort Of British Women: Results From The Avon Longitudinal Study Of Parents Of Children, Jihong Liu, Steven Blair, Yangping Teng, Andrew Ness, Debbie Lawlor, Chris Riddoch

Jihong Liu

No abstract provided.

Physical Activity During Pregnancy In A Prospective Cohort Of British Women: Results From The Avon Longitudinal Study Of Parents And Children, Jihong Liu, Steven Blair, Yanping Teng, Andrew Ness, Debbie Lawlor, Chris Riddoch

Jihong Liu

No abstract provided.

Prevention Conference Vii - Obesity, A Worldwide Epidemic Related To Heart Disease And Stroke: Executive Summary, Robert Eckel, David York, Stephan Rössner, Van Hubbard, Ian Caterson, Sachiko St. Jeor, Laura Hayman, Rebecca Mullis, Steven Blair

Laura L. Hayman

No abstract provided.

One Step At A Time: A Journey Of Hope, Inspiration, And Determination, Melinda Hermanns, Barbara K. Haas

Melinda Hermanns

Effectiveness Of Physical Activity Interventions For Preschoolers: A Meta-Analysis, Patricia Tucker, Elliott Gordon, Shauna Burke, Albert Carron

Trish Tucker

Purpose: The purpose of the meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of physical activity interventions on physical activity participation among preschoolers. A secondary purpose was to investigate the influence of several possible moderator variables (e.g., intervention length, location, leadership, type) on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Method: Nine databases were systematically searched for physical activity interventions. Studies were included if they contained statistics necessary to compute an effect size (ES), were written in or translated into English, examined physical activity in preschoolers, incorporated a physical activity intervention, and targeted preschool-aged children. Fifteen studies satisfied these criteria. ESs were calculated using a …

Preventing Paediatric Obesity; Recommendations From A Community-Based Qualitative Investigation, Patricia Tucker, Jennifer Irwin, L. Sangster Bouck, Meizi He, G. Pollett

Trish Tucker

Childhood obesity is on the rise, and interventions targeted at pre-school-aged children are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. Physical activity programming and decreasing screen viewing may be advantageous ways to reduce the early onset of obesity. Parents' perceptions regarding effective tools and programmes to target obesity are needed to develop an efficacious programme. Ten semi-structured focus groups were conducted for this qualitative study. Two experienced moderators facilitated all focus groups which were conducted in local day cares, workplaces and play groups, frequented by parents. All focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Strategies to ensure trustworthiness of …

Preschoolers' Physical Activity Behaviours: Parents' Perspectives, Jennifer Irwin, Meizi He, L. Sangster Bouck, Patricia Tucker, Graham Pollett

Trish Tucker

OBJECTIVES: To understand parents' perspectives of their preschoolers' physical activity behaviours. METHODS: A maximum variation sample of 71 parents explored their preschoolers' physical activity behaviours through 10 semi-structured focus group discussions. RESULTS: Parents perceived Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines for Children as inadequate; that their preschoolers get and need more than 30-90 minutes of activity daily; and that physical activity habits must be established during the preschool years. Nine barriers against and facilitators toward adequate physical activity were proposed: child's age, weather, daycare, siblings, finances, time, society and safety, parents' impact, and child's activity preferences. DISCUSSION: The need for education and …

Review And Critique Of The Quality Of Exercise Recommendations For Cancer Patients And Survivors, Nancy Humpel, Donald Iverson

Don C. Iverson

The benefit of exercise for cancer patients is starting to become recognized. The purposes of this paper were to review the literature to examine whether research findings are being converted into guidelines for patients and survivors and to examine the quality of evidence on which they were based. A computer search of major health databases was conducted for peer-reviewed literature and books on exercise and cancer, and an Internet search was conducted for cancer websites reporting any exercise guidelines/recommendations for cancer patients. Seven peer-reviewed articles, eight books and eight cancer websites were identified that suggested exercise guidelines for cancer patients …

Health Education Research: Accomplishment Or Exercise, Donald Iverson, M Hosakawa

Don C. Iverson

No abstract provided.

What Is The Number Needed To Treat When Exercise Training Heart Failure Patients?, Neil Smart

Neil Smart

Debate exists on the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one mortality with exercise training in heart failure patients. The primary aim of this work was to conduct a sensitivity analysis, removing outlying mortality data from a published meta-analysis of exercise training in heart failure patients. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by removing data from one randomized controlled trial that reported particularly high mortality rates and may be considered a data outlier. Annualized NNTs were subsequently calculated for mortality data from a meta-analysis of exercise training in heart failure patients. Sensitivity analysis showed that the mortality benefit reported by …

Age And Physical Activity Influences On Action Monitoring During Task Switching, Jason R. Themanson, Charles H. Hillman, John J. Curtin

Jason R. Themanson, Ph.D

Behavioral and neuroelectric indices of action monitoring were compared for 53 high and low physically active older (60–71 years) and younger (18–21 years) adults during a task-switching paradigm in which they performed a task repeatedly or switched between two different tasks. The error-related negativity (ERN) of a response-locked event-related brain potential (ERP) and behavioral measures of response speed and accuracy were measured during the heterogeneous condition (switching randomly between two tasks) of the switch task. Results indicated that older adults exhibited a greater relative slowing in RT during heterogeneous blocks and smaller ERN amplitude compared to younger adults. Additionally, physical …