Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Differences In Birth Weight Between Immigrants' And Natives' Children In Europe And Australia: A Lifecycle Comparative Observational Cohort Study, Sandra Florian, Mathieu Ichou, Lidia Panico, Stéphanie Pinel-Jacquemin, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte, Margreet W. Harskamp-Van Ginkel, Rae-Chi Huang, Jennie Carson, Loreto Santa Marina Rodriguez, Mikel Subiza-Pérez, Martine Vrijheid, Sílvia Fernández-Barrés, Tiffany C. Yang, John Wright, Eva Corpeleijn, Marloes Cardol, Elena Isaevska, Chiara Moccia, Marjolein N. Kooijman, Ellis Voerman, Vincent Jaddoe, Marieke Welten, Elena Spada, Marisa Rebagliato, Andrea Beneito, Luca Ronfani, Marie-Aline Charles

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective:

Research on adults has identified an immigrant health advantage, known as the 'immigrant health paradox', by which migrants exhibit better health outcomes than natives. Is this health advantage transferred from parents to children in the form of higher birth weight relative to children of natives?

Setting:

Western Europe and Australia.

Participants:

We use data from nine birth cohorts participating in the LifeCycle Project, including five studies with large samples of immigrants' children: Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance - France (N=12 494), the Raine Study - Australia (N=2283), Born in Bradford - UK (N=4132), Amsterdam Born Children and their Development …

Health Misinformation During Epidemiological Crises, Bethany Stefan, Alexis L. Emich, Katrina R. Lamp

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Health misinformation is more prevalent than ever in the modern age and poses serious risks for those who believe it. Medical fallacies can become especially harmful during periods of widespread disease when the misinformed respond in ways that increase threats to public health. The purpose of this systematic review is to describe and critically appraise the evidence about how health misinformation during endemics and pandemics can influence behaviors and responses, as well as the implications of interventions affecting these behaviors. A systematic search of the literature with inclusion/exclusion criteria using CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE, and PsychINFO resulted in …

Informing Healthcare Operations With Integrated Pathology, Clinical, And Epidemiology Data: Lessons From A Single Institution In Kenya During Covid-19 Waves, Allan Njau, Jemimah Kimeu, Jaimini Gohil, David Nganga

Pathology, East Africa

Pathology, clinical care teams, and public health experts often operate in silos. We hypothesized that large data sets from laboratories when integrated with other healthcare data can provide evidence that can be used to optimize planning for healthcare needs, often driven by health-seeking or delivery behavior. From the hospital information system, we extracted raw data from tests performed from 2019 to 2021, prescription drug usage, and admission patterns from pharmacy and nursing departments during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya (March 2020 to December 2021). Proportions and rates were calculated. Regression models were created, and a t-test for differences between …

Creation Of A Covid-19 Community Testing Team For Home Health And Hospice, Lilah Raja

Master's Projects and Capstones

The novel SARS-CoV-2 strain (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 (Eddy et. al, 2020). The resulting US outbreak has affected the Kaiser Permanente (KP) Oakland health care system. With the threat of COVID-19 highest among immunosuppressed and elderly clients, KP Oakland home health and hospice (HH/HO) department is rapidly mobilizing to provide community and in-home testing for eligible clients. A project was created to build a COVID-19 testing team workflow to provide diagnostic and preventative testing. This project focuses on team-based interventions that will change the pre-existing practice of requiring HH/HO clients to travel to remote testing …

The Long-Term Multidimensional Impact Of Persistent Multisite Pain On Physical And Psychological Disability, And Mortality In Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Saurja Thapa

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Persistent multisite pain is highly prevalent, affecting 25-43% of community-dwelling older adults. Although existing evidence suggests that persistent multisite pain is associated with physical and psychological disability, studies use a cross-sectional assessment approach that overlooks pain duration or persistence. This study aimed to estimate the persistence of multisite pain and the proportion of incident multisite pain and examine the association between persistent multisite pain and physical (ADL and IADL) and psychological disability (depression and anxiety) at 18 months and six years. Also, the association between baseline persistent multisite pain and mortality was assessed.

Secondary data analysis of the MOBILIZE Boston …

The Critical Review Of Overuse Of Medication In The Geriatric Population, Sophia A. Allwood

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: The overuse of medications is of concern among the geriatric population, especially in various settings including in-home and community-based (assisted living and independent living). This review found that older individuals take nine or more medications daily. The overuse of medications has an increased tendency to cause problems for older patients and creates adverse consequences. The adverse consequences cause problems and injuries, such as broken bones, head trauma, and death. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to investigate the issues related to the overuse of medication in the geriatric population and the negative impact of …

Comparing Alternative Breast Milk Feeding Questions To U.S. Breastfeeding Surveillance Questions, Elizabeth O'Sullivan, Sheela R. Geraghty, Patricia Cassano, Kathleen M. Rasmussen

Articles

Background: Most mothers in the United States express their milk, which is then bottle fed to their infants. The National Immunization Survey (NIS), used to report national breastfeeding prevalence, asks about infant breast milk consumption, regardless of whether it is consumed at the mother's breast or from a bottle. The NIS data are often erroneously interpreted, however, to mean prevalence of at-the-breast feeding. We hypothesized that over half of infants classified as breastfed at 3, 6, and 12 months by the NIS questions would also be consuming expressed breast milk.

Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of 456 …

Preparedness Of Hospitals In The Republic Of Ireland For An Influenza Pandemic, An Infection Control Perspective, Mary Reidy, Fiona Ryan, Dervla Hogan, Seán Lacey, Claire Buckley

Department of Mathematics Publications

When an influenza pandemic occurs most of the population is susceptible and attack rates can range as high as 40–50 %. The most important failure in pandemic planning is the lack of standards or guidelines regarding what it means to be ‘prepared’. The aim of this study was to assess the preparedness of acute hospitals in the Republic of Ireland for an influenza pandemic from an infection control perspective.

Polio - An Endemic Disease In Pakistan: Literature Review, Savera Aziz Ali, Nadir Suhail, Hunaina Hadi, Mohsina Hussain, Marium Manji, Jaweria Bano, Abdul Salam, Sajida Naseer, Sumera Aziz Ali

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious and incurable disease, which mainly affects children under five years of age leading to irreversible paralysis and possibly death. For decades, both private and government organizations have been putting efforts through their partnership to eradicate polio completely from the different parts of the globe and as a result of those efforts there are left only three countries which are currently polio endemic. Since Pakistan is one of those three countries which still remain polio endemic along with Afghanistan and Nigeria, it is significant to address this issue and work on the preventive measures to control …

Variability Of Fev And Criterion For Acute Pulmonary Exacerbation, Bradlee A. Jenkins, L. Lee Glenn

ETSU Faculty Works

Excerpt: Morgan et al. (1) concluded that cystic fibrosis (CF) in children and adolescents with a high baseline forced expiratory volume (FEV₁) were less likely to have a therapeutic intervention or slower rate of FEV₁ decline after a single acute decline in FEV₁ of 10%. This conclusion is not well supported due to the arbitrary criteria used for defining a pulmonary exacerbation, as explained below.

A Spatial Analysis Of Functional Outcomes And Quality Of Life Outcomes After Pediatric Injury, Nathaniel Bell, Sami Kruse, Richard K. Simons, Mariana Brussoni

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

Changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are more regularly being monitored during the first year after injury. Monitoring changes in HRQoL using spatial cluster analysis can potentially identify concentrations of geographic areas with injury survivors with similar outcomes, thereby improving how interventions are delivered or in how outcomes are evaluated.

METHODS:

We used a spatial scan statistic designed for oridinal data to test two different spatial cluster analysis of very low, low, high, and very high HRQoL scores. Our study was based on HRQoL scores returned by children treated for injury at British Columbia Children's Hospital and discharged …

Mortalidade Materna No Paraná: O Que Mostra A Produção Científica Nos Últimos 10 Anos? / Maternal Mortality In Paraná: Showing The Scientific Production In The Last 10 Years?, Everton Fernando Alves, Thais Abigail Vidoto

Everton Fernando Alves

A mortalidade materna atrai inúmeras discussões e preocupações no Paraná visto que reflete a qualidade da assistência prestada nos serviços de saúde, bem como a operacionalização das políticas públicas voltadas à saúde da mulher. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer o perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade materna no Estado do Paraná, por meio de revisão de estudos sobre o tema. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada através da busca eletrônica de artigos científicos publicados entre 2000 e 2010, nas bases de dados LILACS e SciELO. Identificaram-se inicialmente 30 artigos. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram 09 …

Evaluations Of The Effectiveness Of A Web-Based Graduate Epidemiology Course, Molly A. Rose, Anthony J. Frisby, Michael D. Hamlin, Susan S. Jones

Anthony J Frisby, PhD

An online epidemiology course was developed, implemented, and evaluated for graduate nursing students through the collaborative efforts of nursing faculty and information, education, and instructional design staff of the library at a health sciences university. This epidemiology course is a core curriculum course for graduate nursing students. The course was piloted with 14 students (one student in Romania); the initial online offering ran concurrently with a traditional classroom section. Extensive evaluation data were collected and analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the classroom and distance-learning formats. Areas of evaluation included objective measures, such as midterm and final examination scores and …

Evaluations Of The Effectiveness Of A Web-Based Graduate Epidemiology Course, Molly A. Rose, Anthony J. Frisby, Michael D. Hamlin, Susan S. Jones

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

An online epidemiology course was developed, implemented, and evaluated for graduate nursing students through the collaborative efforts of nursing faculty and information, education, and instructional design staff of the library at a health sciences university. This epidemiology course is a core curriculum course for graduate nursing students. The course was piloted with 14 students (one student in Romania); the initial online offering ran concurrently with a traditional classroom section. Extensive evaluation data were collected and analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the classroom and distance-learning formats. Areas of evaluation included objective measures, such as midterm and final examination scores and …