Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Understanding Perceptions Of New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Education In A Pediatric Tertiary Care Center, Gabriel Betancurvelez

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Youth newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and their families, require intensive education on the management of this chronic condition during this overwhelming period. Traditionally, our center conducts training in person during a hospital admission.

Methods: We studied family perceptions of our current patient education methods in an effort to elucidate strategies to augment education in the post-pandemic environment, where provider time in the room and visitation rules may limit face-to-face encounters.

Results: 25 families completed the survey (distributed to 156 in total, with approximately 21% response rate). The mean age at diagnosis was 9.52 ± 4.29 years …

Prevalence, Awareness And Control Of Hypertension And Diabetes Among Hiv Positive And Negative Patients At The Military Hospital Of Douala, Cameroon, Duane Killian Madziva

Public Health Theses

Background: With anti-retroviral therapy (ART) prolonging the survival of people of living with HIV/ AIDS, other chronic co-morbidities such as hypertension, and diabetes are becoming an increasing problem. Studies on hypertension and diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa are still limited, even with the growing concern of Africa’s dual burden of chronic and infectious diseases. As such, we aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension and diabetes among people living with and without HIV/ AIDS in Cameroon. Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted at the Military Hospital of Douala, Cameroon. Participants aged 21 – 65 years were …

Metabolic Inflexibility Revisited: Muscle Substrate Oxidation Is Dissociated From Muscle Insulin Resistance, Joongyu Daniel Song

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Alterations in basal metabolic substrate preference were proposed as early derangements in the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Here, we report that alterations in muscle substrate oxidation are not associated with muscle insulin resistance in rats or humans. In this study we used a novel stable isotope tracer ([U-13C]glucose) liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/

MS) method to measure the ratio of mitochondrial glucose oxidation by pyruvate dehydrogenase flux (VPDH) relative to rates of citrate synthase flux (VCS) in skeletal muscle. We found that high fat diet (HFD) fed insulin resistant rats did not have altered substrate oxidation in soleus …

Insulin Dependence Heralds Adverse Events After Hip And Knee Arthroplasty, Matthew Webb

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

ABSTRACT

Background – Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most frequently performed orthopaedic procedures. As the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase the burden of its sequelae and associated surgical complications have also increased. For these reasons, it is important to understand the associations between DM and the rates of perioperative adverse events in patients with DM who will undergo THA.

Methods – The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database records perioperative adverse events as well as patient factors including demographics and comorbidities. Patients who underwent THA between 2005 and …

Renal Dysfunction, Cardiovascular Risk, And The Response To Ace Inhibition In Patients After Myocardial Infarction, Powell Oliapuram Jose

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Proteinuria is a known cardiovascular risk factor in hypertensive or diabetic patients as well as the general population. Worsening renal function (WRF) has been shown to influence outcomes in the heart failure population. The prognostic value of these markers for renal dysfunction in patients after myocardial infarction is unclear. Methods: The Survival and Ventricular Enlargement trial (SAVE) randomized 2231 patients with left ventricular dysfunction between 3-16 days (average 11 days) post-MI to receive captopril or placebo; those with a serum creatinine above 2.5mg/dl were excluded from SAVE. WRF was defined as an increase in creatinine greater-than 0.3mg/dl measured from …

Angiographic Patterns Of Arteriosclerosis Obliterans In The Legs Of Diabetics And Nondiabetics : Review Of The Literature And The Recent Experience At Yale-New Haven Hospital, Aron Wahrman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The literature regarding angiographic patterns of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in the legs of diabetics and nondiabetics is reviewed. The medical records of 28 adult-onset diabetics and 35 nondiabetics with chronic ASO of the lower extremities who underwent angiography for the first time were analyzed for age, presenting symptoms, smoking history, history of hypertension and therapeutic fate of the affected limbs. The arteriograms were analyzed for basic disease patterns and degree of disease at specific segments of the arterial tree, based on the radiologist's findings. Diabetics have more popliteal and trifurcation disease than nondiabetics, but less than has been found in …