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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Dietary Glycemic Index And Glycemic Load Among Indigenous And Non-Indigenous Children Aged 10-12 Years, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Josephine Gwynn, Nicole Turner, Janine Cochrane, John Wiggers, Victoria Flood
Dietary Glycemic Index And Glycemic Load Among Indigenous And Non-Indigenous Children Aged 10-12 Years, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Josephine Gwynn, Nicole Turner, Janine Cochrane, John Wiggers, Victoria Flood
Jimmy Chun Yu Louie
No abstract provided.
The Rbans Effort Index: Base Rates In Geriatric Samples, K. Duff, C. Spering, S. O'Bryant, L. Beglinger, D. Moser, J. Bayless, Kennith Culp, J. Mold, R. Adams, J. Scott
The Rbans Effort Index: Base Rates In Geriatric Samples, K. Duff, C. Spering, S. O'Bryant, L. Beglinger, D. Moser, J. Bayless, Kennith Culp, J. Mold, R. Adams, J. Scott
Kennith R. Culp
The Effort Index (EI) of the RBANS was developed to assist clinicians in discriminating patients who demonstrate good effort from those with poor effort. However, there are concerns that older adults might be unfairly penalized by this index, which uses uncorrected raw scores. Using five independent samples of geriatric patients with a broad range of cognitive functioning (e.g., cognitively intact, nursing home residents, probable Alzheimer's disease), base rates of failure on the EI were calculated. In cognitively intact and mildly impaired samples, few older individuals were classified as demonstrating poor effort (e.g., 3% in cognitively intact). However, in the more …
Twelve-Month Mortality Among Delirium Subtypes, S. Decrane, Kennith Culp, B. Wakefield
Twelve-Month Mortality Among Delirium Subtypes, S. Decrane, Kennith Culp, B. Wakefield
Kennith R. Culp
This study used data from the Delirium Among the Elderly in Rural Long-Term Care Facilities Study and data from the National Death Index (NDI) to examine mortality among 320 individuals. Individuals were grouped into noncases, subsyndromal cases, hypoactive delirium, hyperactive delirium, and mixed delirium on the basis of scoring using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), NEECHAM Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Assessment of Confusion-A (CAC-A), and Vigilance A instruments. Risk ratios of mortality using "days of survival" did not reach statistical significance (alpha = .05) for any subgroup. Underlying cause of death (UCD) using International Classification of Disease, 10th …
Sleeplessness, Deborah Schoenfelder, Keela Herr
Sleeplessness, Deborah Schoenfelder, Keela Herr
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
This article identifies and reviews research related to sleeplessness reported by nurses in the literature. The current state of clinical nursing research as it relates to sleep is evaluated, including the content, methodology, and implications for further research. Although the review indicates current interest in sleep by clinical nurse researchers, the number of nursing studies in the literature is limited, especially within specific areas, such as age groups and setting. Also, directions for future nursing research on sleep are recommended.
Innovations In Long-Term Care. Homesafe: Supportive Assistance For Elderly Individuals Through A Nurse-Managed Plan, Deborah Schoenfelder, Meridean Maas, Janet Specht
Innovations In Long-Term Care. Homesafe: Supportive Assistance For Elderly Individuals Through A Nurse-Managed Plan, Deborah Schoenfelder, Meridean Maas, Janet Specht
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
A lack of quality, cost-effective alternatives to nursing home care for community-dwelling older adults exists. The evidence suggests that case management provides quality care in a cost-efficient manner to help older adults remain at home safely and as independently as possible. This article describes HomeSafe, a nurse-managed membership plan that assists older individuals to enhance their health and quality of life, and to age in place in their homes and communities. HomeSafe serves as an innovative model of care and a teaching site for undergraduate and graduate nursing students and nursing faculty at The University of Iowa.
An Exercise Program To Improve Fall-Related Outcomes In Elderly Nursing Home Residents, Deborah Schoenfelder, L. Rubenstein
An Exercise Program To Improve Fall-Related Outcomes In Elderly Nursing Home Residents, Deborah Schoenfelder, L. Rubenstein
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
This study tested a 3-month ankle-strengthening and walking program designed to improve or maintain the fall-related outcomes of balance, ankle strength, walking speed, risk of falling, fear of falling, and confidence to perform daily activities without falling (falls efficacy) in elderly nursing home residents. Nursing home residents (N = 81) between the ages of 64 and 100 years participated in the study. Two of the fall-related outcomes, balance and fear of falling, were maintained or improved for the exercise group in comparison to the control group.
Evidence-Based Guideline. Individualized Music For Elders With Dementia, L. Gerdner, Deborah Schoenfelder
Evidence-Based Guideline. Individualized Music For Elders With Dementia, L. Gerdner, Deborah Schoenfelder
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
No abstract provided.
Evidence-Based Guideline. Wandering, M. Futrell, K. Melillo, R. Remington, Deborah Schoenfelder
Evidence-Based Guideline. Wandering, M. Futrell, K. Melillo, R. Remington, Deborah Schoenfelder
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
No abstract provided.
The Independent Nurse Role In Community Care Gerontological Nursing, Deborah Schoenfelder, Janet Specht, Meridean Maas
The Independent Nurse Role In Community Care Gerontological Nursing, Deborah Schoenfelder, Janet Specht, Meridean Maas
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
No abstract provided.
A Fall Prevention Educational Program For Community Dwelling Seniors, Deborah Schoenfelder, K. Van Why
A Fall Prevention Educational Program For Community Dwelling Seniors, Deborah Schoenfelder, K. Van Why
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
The purpose of this research was to assess participants' responses to a fall prevention educational program. Fourteen persons volunteered to participate in the study conducted at a large senior center. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample and to assess subjects' awareness about falls, attitudes about fall risk, fall prevention behaviors, and incidence of falls before the fall prevention program and again at one month and three months after the program. Forty-six percent of the sample had fallen in the previous year. In general, subjects' perceptions that their risk of falling was lower than others of the same age …
Healthy People 2000. A Fall Prevention Program For Elderly Individuals: Exercise In Long-Term Care Settings, Deborah Schoenfelder
Healthy People 2000. A Fall Prevention Program For Elderly Individuals: Exercise In Long-Term Care Settings, Deborah Schoenfelder
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
No abstract provided.
Homesafe: Supportive Assistance For Elderly Individuals Through A Nurse-Managed Plan, Deborah Schoenfelder, Meridean Maas, Janet Specht
Homesafe: Supportive Assistance For Elderly Individuals Through A Nurse-Managed Plan, Deborah Schoenfelder, Meridean Maas, Janet Specht
Deborah P. Schoenfelder
A lack of quality, cost-effective alternatives to nursing home care for community-dwelling older adults exists. The evidence suggests that case management provides quality care in a cost-efficient manner to help older adults remain at home safely and as independently as possible. This article describes HomeSafe, a nurse-managed membership plan that assists older individuals to enhance their health and quality of life, and to age in place in their homes and communities. HomeSafe serves as an innovative model of care and a teaching site for undergraduate and graduate nursing students and nursing faculty at The University of Iowa.
Literacy-Appropriate Educational Materials And Brief Counseling Improve Diabetes Self-Management, Andrea Wallace, H. Seligman, T. Davis, D. Schillinger, C. Arnold, B. Bryant-Shilliday, J. Freburger, D. Dewalt
Literacy-Appropriate Educational Materials And Brief Counseling Improve Diabetes Self-Management, Andrea Wallace, H. Seligman, T. Davis, D. Schillinger, C. Arnold, B. Bryant-Shilliday, J. Freburger, D. Dewalt
Andrea S. Wallace
OBJECTIVE: In this pilot study, we evaluated the impact of providing patients with a literacy-appropriate diabetes education guide accompanied by brief counseling designed for use in primary care. METHODS: We provided the Living with Diabetes guide and brief behavior change counseling to 250 English and Spanish speaking patients with type 2 diabetes. Counseling sessions using collaborative goal setting occurred at baseline and by telephone at 2 and 4 weeks. We measured patients' activation, self-efficacy, diabetes distress, knowledge, and self-care at baseline and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Statistically significant (p
How Prostate Cancer Patients Cope With The Effects Of Diagnosis And Treatment: Development Of The Effects Of Prostate Cancer Coping Strategies Scale, Christopher Sharpley, Vicki Bitsika, David Christie
How Prostate Cancer Patients Cope With The Effects Of Diagnosis And Treatment: Development Of The Effects Of Prostate Cancer Coping Strategies Scale, Christopher Sharpley, Vicki Bitsika, David Christie
Vicki Bitsika
Background: The elevated anxiety and depression experienced by prostate cancer (PCa) patients can impair their decision-making as well as decrease their psychological well-being and weaken relationships with partner and family. Although standardised assessment models exist for identifying the symptoms of anxiety or depression, relatively little attention has been given to identifying the causal antecedents that PCa patients encounter and that may lead to anxiety or depression, nor their own attempts to cope with those antecedents. This study investigated the coping strategies used by a sample of PCa patients in response to the specific stressors and lifestyle changes that arose from …
Sisters Of The Yam: African American Women's Healing And Self-Recovery From Intimate Male Partner Violence, Janette Taylor
Sisters Of The Yam: African American Women's Healing And Self-Recovery From Intimate Male Partner Violence, Janette Taylor
Janette Y. Taylor
In this womanist ethnographic investigation African American women (N = 21) survivors of intimate male partner violence were interviewed about their resilience-recovering experiences. This article foregrounds the role of therapeutic support groups in African American women's healing experience and addresses how race and ethnicity shape the lives and the recovering process for many African American women. The findings are important to practitioners who strive to provide assistance and interventions for African American women as well as other women of color.
No Resting Place: African American Women At The Crossroads Of Violence, Janette Taylor
No Resting Place: African American Women At The Crossroads Of Violence, Janette Taylor
Janette Y. Taylor
Seeking safe places after leaving abusive relationships is often an intricate process for African American women. Survivor-victims of gender violence frequently experience ongoing trauma because of race, ethnicity, class, sexual orientation, and other stigmatizing social identities. All too often, women of color must handle leaving the gender violence simultaneously with the ongoing threat of cultural violence. The intersection of gender and cultural violence (e.g., racism, discrimination) complicate African American women's ability to obtain and sustain safe environments. These intersections are critical crossroads in African American women's lives. The results of this womanist and Black feminist study are presented in an …
Talking Back: Research As An Act Of Resistance And Healing For African American Women Survivors Of Intimate Male Partner Violence, Janette Taylor
Talking Back: Research As An Act Of Resistance And Healing For African American Women Survivors Of Intimate Male Partner Violence, Janette Taylor
Janette Y. Taylor
The purpose of this article is to use a Black feminist/ womanist framework to: (a) explore the historical factors that discourage Black women's participation in the research process; (b) demonstrate how research can be a potential avenue of resistance and healing for African American women survivors of intimate male partner violence; and (c) suggest ways for practitioners and researchers to encourage the participation of this population. Benefits from the research process emerged as three themes: (a) healing the self, (b) helping others, and (c) envisioning new life directions.
Moving From Surviving To Thriving: African American Women Recovering From Intimate Male Partner Abuse, Janette Taylor
Moving From Surviving To Thriving: African American Women Recovering From Intimate Male Partner Abuse, Janette Taylor
Janette Y. Taylor
In this ethnographic study, a womanist framework was used to investigate the process of recovery from domestic violence. A purposive sample of African American women (N = 21) was interviewed to gain understanding of their recovery process. Survivorship-thriving was the overarching process. Six themes related to survivorship-thriving were identified: (a) Sharing secrets/Shattering silences--sharing information about the abuse with others; (b) Reclaiming the Self-defining oneself separate from abuser and society; (c) Renewing the Spirit-nurturing and restoring the spiritual and emotional self; (d) Self-healing through Forgiveness--forgiving their partners for the abuse and violence; (e) Finding inspiration in the Future-looking to the future …
Safe Prescribing For The Elderly, Brenda Hoskins
Safe Prescribing For The Elderly, Brenda Hoskins
Brenda L. Hoskins DNP, ARNP
Prescribing for older adults is a complex and high-risk process. Age-related changes produce differences in the way lderly patients respond to and process medication. This article discusses age-related changes, common problems that increase risk for older adults, strategies for improving adherence, and models for safe and effective prescribing.
Saitohin And Apoe Polymorphisms Influence Cognition And Function In Persons With Advanced Alzheimer Disease, D. Schutte, D. Reed, S. Decrane, Anne Ersig
Saitohin And Apoe Polymorphisms Influence Cognition And Function In Persons With Advanced Alzheimer Disease, D. Schutte, D. Reed, S. Decrane, Anne Ersig
Anne L. Ersig
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by variability in the onset and progression of cognitive, functional and behavioral symptoms. The purpose of this study was to identify genetic correlates of symptom variability in persons with moderate-to-advanced AD. METHODS: Repeated measures of cognition, function and behavior were collected from institutionalized persons with AD over 12 months. Candidate genes were assayed. RESULTS: Single polymorphisms within the saitohin and APOE genes were associated with increased cognitive impairment and functional dependence. The APOE-epsilon4 allele was associated with increased baseline physical agitation. CONCLUSION: The development of predictive profiles for the clinical symptoms of AD may …
Effectiveness Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation On Postoperative Pain With Movement, Barbara Rakel, Rita Frantz
Effectiveness Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation On Postoperative Pain With Movement, Barbara Rakel, Rita Frantz
Barbara A. Rakel
This study tested the effectiveness of episodic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as a supplement to pharmacologic analgesia on pain with movement and at rest after abdominal surgery and evaluated whether its use during walking and vital capacity maneuvers enhances performance of these activities. TENS, with a modulated frequency, intensity as high as the subject could tolerate, and electrodes placed on either side and parallel to the incision, was compared to placebo TENS and pharmacologic analgesia alone (control) by using a crossover design. Self-report of pain intensity, walking function, and vital capacity were assessed on 33 subjects. TENS resulted in …
From Book To Bedside: Putting Evidence To Use In The Care Of The Elderly, M. Titler, J. Mentes, Barbara Rakel, L. Abbott, S. Baumler
From Book To Bedside: Putting Evidence To Use In The Care Of The Elderly, M. Titler, J. Mentes, Barbara Rakel, L. Abbott, S. Baumler
Barbara A. Rakel
BACKGROUND: Infusion of research findings into clinical practice is a challenging part of the research process. Because the length of time between discovery and use of knowledge averages 20 years, methods are needed to speed translation of research findings into practice. Few efforts have been made to coordinate the generation of new knowledge with the dissemination of findings from research to improve care of the elderly. RESEARCH-BASED PRACTICE PROTOCOLS: The Research Development and Dissemination Core (RDDC) of the Gerontological Nursing Interventions Research Center (GNIRC) at the University of Iowa emphasizes development of research-based (RB) protocols, which requires collecting relevant literature, …
Clinical Outcome Of Emergency Repeat Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, J. Lemmer, D. Ferguson, Barbara Rakel, N. Rossi
Clinical Outcome Of Emergency Repeat Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, J. Lemmer, D. Ferguson, Barbara Rakel, N. Rossi
Barbara A. Rakel
To determine the clinical outcome of patients requiring emergency repeat coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures, we reviewed 23 such procedures performed for ongoing myocardial ischemia refractory to medical management. The operative mortality was 17%. On follow-up, an average of 24.9 months after emergency reoperation, 14 of the 19 survivors (74%) had recurrent angina. As compared to a randomly selected group of 25 patients who underwent elective repeat CABG procedures during the same time period, the incidence of late cardiac events was significantly higher (79% in the emergency group, 30% in the elective surgery group) and fewer patients had received …
Physical Modalities In Chronic Pain Management, Barbara Rakel, J. Barr
Physical Modalities In Chronic Pain Management, Barbara Rakel, J. Barr
Barbara A. Rakel
The following conclusions can be made based on review of the evidence: There is limited but positive evidence that select physical modalities are effective in managing chronic pain associated with specific conditions experienced by adults and older individuals. Overall, studies have provided the most support for the modality of therapeutic exercise. Different physical modalities have similar magnitudes of effects on chronic pain. Therefore, selection of the most appropriate physical modality may depend on the desired functional outcome for the patient, the underlying impairment, and the patient's preference or prior experience with the modality. Certain patient characteristics may decrease the effectiveness …
Development Of Alterations In Learning: Situational Learning Disabilities, Barbara Rakel, G. Bulechek
Development Of Alterations In Learning: Situational Learning Disabilities, Barbara Rakel, G. Bulechek
Barbara A. Rakel
Until now the nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit has served as a label for all teaching/learning situations. This is inadequate and does not effectively give direction to correct intervention(s). The purpose of this article is to present the diagnostic concept, situational learning disability (SLD), a component of Alterations in Learning, which has been identified as an area to be developed in the Knowing pattern of the NANDA taxonomy. A thorough review of the literature and empirical support involving 20 cardiology patients on a 27-bed telemetry step-down unit is provided. The data support the development of two nursing diagnoses: (1) situational learning …
Fathers With Severe Mental Illness: Characteristics And Comparisons, Joanne Nicholson, Margaret Nason, Anne Calabresi, Regina Yando
Fathers With Severe Mental Illness: Characteristics And Comparisons, Joanne Nicholson, Margaret Nason, Anne Calabresi, Regina Yando
Joanne Nicholson
Among patients with severe mental illness attending a large, urban, outpatient mental health clinic, fathers are described and compared with nonfathers and with mothers on demographic, clinical, and child-related characteristics, and on resources and service needs. While fathers and nonfathers with mental illness differed significantly on most variables, fathers and mothers with mental illness were remarkably similar except on child-related characteristics. Issues regarding fathers' experiences and service needs are discussed.