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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Effectiveness Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation On Postoperative Pain With Movement, Barbara Rakel, Rita Frantz
Effectiveness Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation On Postoperative Pain With Movement, Barbara Rakel, Rita Frantz
Barbara A. Rakel
This study tested the effectiveness of episodic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as a supplement to pharmacologic analgesia on pain with movement and at rest after abdominal surgery and evaluated whether its use during walking and vital capacity maneuvers enhances performance of these activities. TENS, with a modulated frequency, intensity as high as the subject could tolerate, and electrodes placed on either side and parallel to the incision, was compared to placebo TENS and pharmacologic analgesia alone (control) by using a crossover design. Self-report of pain intensity, walking function, and vital capacity were assessed on 33 subjects. TENS resulted in …
A New Transient Sham Tens Device Allows For Investigator Blinding While Delivering A True Placebo Treatment, Barbara Rakel, N. Cooper, H. Adams, B. Messer, L. Frey Law, D. Dannen, C. Miller, A. Polehna, R. Ruggle, C. Vance, D. Walsh, K. Sluka
A New Transient Sham Tens Device Allows For Investigator Blinding While Delivering A True Placebo Treatment, Barbara Rakel, N. Cooper, H. Adams, B. Messer, L. Frey Law, D. Dannen, C. Miller, A. Polehna, R. Ruggle, C. Vance, D. Walsh, K. Sluka
Barbara A. Rakel
This study compared a new transient sham transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) that delivers current for 45 seconds to an inactive sham and active TENS to determine the degree of blinding and influence on pain reduction. Pressure-pain thresholds (PPT), heat-pain thresholds (HPT), and pain intensities to tonic heat and pressure were measured in 69 healthy adults before and after randomization. Allocation investigators and subjects were asked to identify the treatment administered. The transient sham blinded investigators 100% of the time and 40% of subjects compared to the inactive sham that blinded investigators 0% of the time and 21% of subjects. …
Physical Modalities In Chronic Pain Management, Barbara Rakel, J. Barr
Physical Modalities In Chronic Pain Management, Barbara Rakel, J. Barr
Barbara A. Rakel
The following conclusions can be made based on review of the evidence: There is limited but positive evidence that select physical modalities are effective in managing chronic pain associated with specific conditions experienced by adults and older individuals. Overall, studies have provided the most support for the modality of therapeutic exercise. Different physical modalities have similar magnitudes of effects on chronic pain. Therefore, selection of the most appropriate physical modality may depend on the desired functional outcome for the patient, the underlying impairment, and the patient's preference or prior experience with the modality. Certain patient characteristics may decrease the effectiveness …
Development Of Alterations In Learning: Situational Learning Disabilities, Barbara Rakel, G. Bulechek
Development Of Alterations In Learning: Situational Learning Disabilities, Barbara Rakel, G. Bulechek
Barbara A. Rakel
Until now the nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit has served as a label for all teaching/learning situations. This is inadequate and does not effectively give direction to correct intervention(s). The purpose of this article is to present the diagnostic concept, situational learning disability (SLD), a component of Alterations in Learning, which has been identified as an area to be developed in the Knowing pattern of the NANDA taxonomy. A thorough review of the literature and empirical support involving 20 cardiology patients on a 27-bed telemetry step-down unit is provided. The data support the development of two nursing diagnoses: (1) situational learning …