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Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2021

University of Nevada, Las Vegas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Articles 1 - 30 of 30

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Assessing Acceptability Of Covid-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Among Adult Americans: A Cross-Sectional Study, Tesfaye Yadete, Kavita Batra, Dale M. Netski, Sabrina Antonio, Michael J. Patros, Johan C. Bester Dec 2021

Assessing Acceptability Of Covid-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Among Adult Americans: A Cross-Sectional Study, Tesfaye Yadete, Kavita Batra, Dale M. Netski, Sabrina Antonio, Michael J. Patros, Johan C. Bester

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Given the emergence of breakthrough infections, new variants, and concerns of waning immunity from the primary COVID-19 vaccines, booster shots emerged as a viable option to shore-up protection against COVID-19. Following the recent authorization of vaccine boosters among vulnerable Americans, this study aims to assess COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy and its associated factors in a nationally representative sample. A web-based 48-item psychometric valid survey was used to measure vaccine literacy, vaccine confidence, trust, and general attitudes towards vaccines. Data were analyzed through Chi-square (with a post hoc contingency table analysis) and independent-sample t-/Welch tests. Among 2138 participants, nearly 62% intended …

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Perceptions Of Dental Undergraduates Towards Online Education During Covid-19: Assessment From India, Nepal And Sri Lanka, Pragati Kaurani, Kavita Batra, Himangini Rathore Hooja, Rajlakshmi Banerjee, Rasika Manori Jayasinghe, Dhanushka Leuke Bandara, Navin Agrawal, Vimmi Singh Oct 2021

Perceptions Of Dental Undergraduates Towards Online Education During Covid-19: Assessment From India, Nepal And Sri Lanka, Pragati Kaurani, Kavita Batra, Himangini Rathore Hooja, Rajlakshmi Banerjee, Rasika Manori Jayasinghe, Dhanushka Leuke Bandara, Navin Agrawal, Vimmi Singh

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: The social distancing mandates instituted during COVID-19 pandemic mark the sudden transition in the mode of dental education’s delivery to the virtual instruction. It is vital to assess students’ perceptions towards virtual learning environments, particularly among those gaining education in resource-strained countries. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the perceptions of dental undergraduates towards online education, environment and transferable skills and patient care during COVID-19 in India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Materials and Methods: Dental preclinical and clinical undergraduate students from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka were recruited from November 2020 to March 2021 through a 47-item web-based survey …

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Artificial Image Objects For Classification Of Breast Cancer Biomarkers With Transcriptome Sequencing Data And Convolutional Neural Network Algorithms, Xiangning Chen, Daniel G. Chen, Zhongming Zhao, Justin M. Balko, Jingchun Chen Oct 2021

Artificial Image Objects For Classification Of Breast Cancer Biomarkers With Transcriptome Sequencing Data And Convolutional Neural Network Algorithms, Xiangning Chen, Daniel G. Chen, Zhongming Zhao, Justin M. Balko, Jingchun Chen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Transcriptome sequencing has been broadly available in clinical studies. However, it remains a challenge to utilize these data effectively for clinical applications due to the high dimension of the data and the highly correlated expression between individual genes. Methods: We proposed a method to transform RNA sequencing data into artificial image objects (AIOs) and applied convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms to classify these AIOs. With the AIO technique, we considered each gene as a pixel in an image and its expression level as pixel intensity. Using the GSE96058 (n = 2976), GSE81538 (n = 405), and GSE163882 (n = …

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Palliative Care And Life-Sustaining/Local Procedures In Colorectal Cancer In The United States Hospitals: A Ten-Year Perspective, Zahra Mojtahedi, Ja Seol Koo, Ji Yoo, Pearl Kim, Hee-Taik Kang, Jinwook Hwang, Moon Kyung Joo, Jay J. Shen Oct 2021

Palliative Care And Life-Sustaining/Local Procedures In Colorectal Cancer In The United States Hospitals: A Ten-Year Perspective, Zahra Mojtahedi, Ja Seol Koo, Ji Yoo, Pearl Kim, Hee-Taik Kang, Jinwook Hwang, Moon Kyung Joo, Jay J. Shen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: In recent years, palliative care utilization has been increasing while life-sustaining/local procedures have been declining at the end of life. Palliative care utilization widely varies based on tumor type. Limited information is available on inpatient palliative care in colorectal cancer. Aims: This study investigated inpatient palliative care utilization and its association with patient demographics, hospital charges, and procedures among colorectal cancer patients admitted to US hospitals between 2008 and 2017. Receipt of life-sustaining and local procedures and surgeries were also investigated during the ten years. Methods: Data were extracted from the National inpatient sample (NIS) database containing de-identified information …

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Lobectomy For Acquired Lobar Emphysema Months Following Newborn Repair Of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Mary Froehlich, Lance Horner, Joseph Stathos, Craig Nakamura, Michael G. Scheidler Oct 2021

Lobectomy For Acquired Lobar Emphysema Months Following Newborn Repair Of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Mary Froehlich, Lance Horner, Joseph Stathos, Craig Nakamura, Michael G. Scheidler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Chronic lung disease is a known morbidity of congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair. Although described as a diffuse lung process, we present a case of localized lobar emphysema in a child with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair successfully treated with lobectomy. We aim to describe this unique clinical manifestation, detail the intraoperative findings, and describe the successful postoperative course.

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The Costs Of Developing Treatments For Alzheimer’S Disease: A Retrospective Exploration, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Dana P. Goldman, Nicholas R. Simmons-Stern, Eric Ponton Sep 2021

The Costs Of Developing Treatments For Alzheimer’S Disease: A Retrospective Exploration, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Dana P. Goldman, Nicholas R. Simmons-Stern, Eric Ponton

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: With the exception of the recent accelerated approval of aducanumab, in over 26 years of research and development (R&D) investment in Alzheimer's disease (AD), only five novel drugs—all for symptomatic treatment only—have reached FDA approval. Here, we estimate the costs of AD drug development during this period in the private sector. Methods: To estimate private R&D funding, we collected information on AD clinical trials (n = 1099; phases 1–4) conducted between January 1, 1995 and June 21, 2021 from various databases. Costs were derived using previously published methodologies and adjusted for inflation. Results: Since 1995, cumulative private expenditures on …

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Using Macros In Microsoft Excel To Facilitate Cleaning Of Research Data, Justin Bauzon, Caleb Murphy, Sandhya Wahi-Gururaj Sep 2021

Using Macros In Microsoft Excel To Facilitate Cleaning Of Research Data, Justin Bauzon, Caleb Murphy, Sandhya Wahi-Gururaj

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Retrospective chart review studies may be delayed by inability to export clean clinical data from an electronic medical record (EMR) or data repository. Macros are pre-programmed procedures that can be used in Microsoft Excel to help streamline the process of cleaning clinical datasets. Objectives: To demonstrate how macros may be useful for researchers at community hospitals and smaller academic health centers that lack informatics support. Methods: Using an intrinsic function of our institution’s EMR, vital signs and lab results from 20 individual hospitalizations were exported to a spreadsheet. Two macros were developed to sort through these datasets and output …

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Submental Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia Following Cryolipolysis: A Report And Management Recommendations, Demitri V. Franzoni, Miriam Al-Hamad Daubs, Mitchell E. Lyons, Jo-Lawrence Bigcas, Harry H. Ching, Joshua J. Goldman Sep 2021

Submental Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia Following Cryolipolysis: A Report And Management Recommendations, Demitri V. Franzoni, Miriam Al-Hamad Daubs, Mitchell E. Lyons, Jo-Lawrence Bigcas, Harry H. Ching, Joshua J. Goldman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Cryolipolysis (CoolSculpting®) is a Food and Drug Administration-cleared noninvasive fat-reduction technique that has gained popularity in recent years given its reduced cost, risk of adverse effects, and recovery time relative to traditional invasive methods, such as liposuction. Despite this low incidence of adverse effects, there have been increasing reports of a rare aesthetically displeasing phenomenon termed paradoxical adipose hyperplasia (PAH). PAH presents several months after cryolipolysis as a painless and well-demarcated enlargement of the tissue limited to the treatment area.1 With a reported incidence ranging from 0.005% to 2%, all known cases of PAH have been localized to the treatment …

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Does Low Income Effects 5-Year Mortality Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients?, Dong Jun Kim, Ji Won Yoo, Jong Wha Chang, Takashi Yamashita, Eun-Cheol Park, Kyu-Tae Han, Seung Ju Kim, Sun Jung Kim Sep 2021

Does Low Income Effects 5-Year Mortality Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients?, Dong Jun Kim, Ji Won Yoo, Jong Wha Chang, Takashi Yamashita, Eun-Cheol Park, Kyu-Tae Han, Seung Ju Kim, Sun Jung Kim

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: In Korea, the universal health system offers coverage to all members of society. Despite this, it is unclear whether risk of death from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies depending on income. We evaluated the impact of low income on HCC mortality. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance sampling cohort was used to identify new HCC cases (n = 7325) diagnosed between 2004 and 2008, and the Korean Community Health Survey data were used to investigate community-level effects. The main outcome was 5-year all-cause mortality risk, and Cox proportional hazard models were applied to investigate the individual- and community-level factors associated …

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Valproic Acid Autoinduction: A Case-Based Review, Sean Bennett, Mujeeb U. Shad Sep 2021

Valproic Acid Autoinduction: A Case-Based Review, Sean Bennett, Mujeeb U. Shad

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although valproic acid (VPA) induces the metabolism of multiple other drugs, the clinical reports of VPA autoinduction are rare. A comprehensive literature search yielded only one published case series, which provided the rationale to conduct a review of the published cases along with a new case of VPA autoinduction. Although there may be myriad of reasons for lack of published cases of VPA autoinduction, potential underreporting may be one of the core reasons. Lack of understanding into the highly complex metabolism of VPA may also make it difficult to recognize and report VPA autoinduction. However, it is important to mention …

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Consensus-Based Standards And Indicators To Strengthen Trauma Center Injury And Violence Prevention Programs, Christy Adams, Deborah A. Kuhls, Shelli Stephens-Stidham, Julie Alfonso, Stewart Williams, Glen H. Tinkoff Aug 2021

Consensus-Based Standards And Indicators To Strengthen Trauma Center Injury And Violence Prevention Programs, Christy Adams, Deborah A. Kuhls, Shelli Stephens-Stidham, Julie Alfonso, Stewart Williams, Glen H. Tinkoff

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

For decades, the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACSCOT) has published Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient, which outlines specific criteria necessary to be verified by the college as a trauma center, including having an organized and effective approach to prevention of trauma. However, the document provides little public health-specific guidance to assist trauma centers with developing these approaches. An advisory panel was convened in 2017 with representatives from national trauma and public health organizations with the purpose of identifying strategies to support trauma centers in the development of a public health approach to injury and …

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Endo-Sponge In Management Of Anastomotic Colorectal Leaks: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Banreet S. Dhindsa, Yassin Naga, Syed M. Saghir, Sarav Gunjit Singh Daid, Saurabh Chandan, Harmeet Mashiana, Amaninder Dhaliwal, Abhitej Sidhu, Harlan Sayles, Daryl Ramai, Ishfaq Bhat, Shailender Singh, Stephanie Mcdonough, Douglas G. Adler Aug 2021

Endo-Sponge In Management Of Anastomotic Colorectal Leaks: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Banreet S. Dhindsa, Yassin Naga, Syed M. Saghir, Sarav Gunjit Singh Daid, Saurabh Chandan, Harmeet Mashiana, Amaninder Dhaliwal, Abhitej Sidhu, Harlan Sayles, Daryl Ramai, Ishfaq Bhat, Shailender Singh, Stephanie Mcdonough, Douglas G. Adler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background and study aims Following colorectal surgery, anastomotic dehiscence and leak formation has an incidence of 2 % to 7 %. Endo-SPONGE has been applied in the management of anastomatic leaks (ALs) after colorectal surgery. This is the first systematic review and meta analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Endo-SPONGE in the management of colorectal ALs. Patients and methods: The primary outcomes assessed were the technical and clinical success of Endo-SPONGE placement in colorectal ALs. The secondary outcomes assessed were the overall adverse events (AEs) and the AE subtypes. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effects models with 95 …

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Robotic Bronchoscopy For Peripheral Pulmonary Lesion Biopsy: Evidence-Based Review Of The Two Platforms, Abhishek Kumar, Jose D. Caceres, Siddharthan Vaithilingham, Gurshan Sandhu, Nikhil K. Meena Aug 2021

Robotic Bronchoscopy For Peripheral Pulmonary Lesion Biopsy: Evidence-Based Review Of The Two Platforms, Abhishek Kumar, Jose D. Caceres, Siddharthan Vaithilingham, Gurshan Sandhu, Nikhil K. Meena

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Despite many advancements in recent years for the sampling of peripheral pulmonary lesions, the diagnostic yield remains low. Initial excitement about the current electromagnetic navigation platforms has subsided as the real-world data shows a significantly lower diagnostic sensitivity of ~70%. “CT-to-body divergence” has been identified as a major limitation of this modality. In-tandem use of the ultrathin bronchoscope and radial endobronchial ultrasound probe has yielded only comparable results, attributable to the limited peripheral reach, device maneuverability, stability, and distractors like atelectasis. As such, experts have identified three key steps in peripheral nodule sampling—navigation (to the lesion), confirmation (of the correct …

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Developing Methods To Detect And Diagnose Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy During Life: Rationale, Design, And Methodology For The Diagnose Cte Research Project, Jeffrey Cummings, Numerous Authors, See Full List Below Aug 2021

Developing Methods To Detect And Diagnose Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy During Life: Rationale, Design, And Methodology For The Diagnose Cte Research Project, Jeffrey Cummings, Numerous Authors, See Full List Below

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease that has been neuropathologically diagnosed in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts, including boxers and American football, soccer, ice hockey, and rugby players. CTE cannot yet be diagnosed during life. In December 2015, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke awarded a seven-year grant (U01NS093334) to fund the “Diagnostics, Imaging, and Genetics Network for the Objective Study and Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (DIAGNOSE CTE) Research Project.” The objectives of this multicenter project are to: develop in vivo fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers for CTE; characterize its clinical presentation; refine …

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Trial Of Pimavanserin In Dementia-Related Psychosis, Pierre N. Tariot, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Maria E. Soto-Martin, Clive Ballard, Deniz E. Erten-Lyons, David L. Sultzer, Davangere P. Devanand, Daniel Weintraub, Bradley Mcevoy, James M. Youakim, Srdjan Stankovic, Erin P. Foff Jul 2021

Trial Of Pimavanserin In Dementia-Related Psychosis, Pierre N. Tariot, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Maria E. Soto-Martin, Clive Ballard, Deniz E. Erten-Lyons, David L. Sultzer, Davangere P. Devanand, Daniel Weintraub, Bradley Mcevoy, James M. Youakim, Srdjan Stankovic, Erin P. Foff

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND Patients with dementia due to neurodegenerative disease can have dementia-related psychosis. The effects of the oral 5-HT2A inverse agonist and antagonist pimavanserin on psychosis related to various causes of dementia are not clear. METHODS We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled discontinuation trial involving patients with psychosis related to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, or vascular dementia. Patients received open-label pimavanserin for 12 weeks. Those who had a reduction from baseline of at least 30% in the score on the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms-Hallucinations and Delusions (SAPS-H+D, with higher …

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Aducanumab: Appropriate Use Recommendations, Jeffrey Cummings, P. Aisen, L. G. Apostolova, A. Atri, S. Salloway, M. Weiner Jul 2021

Aducanumab: Appropriate Use Recommendations, Jeffrey Cummings, P. Aisen, L. G. Apostolova, A. Atri, S. Salloway, M. Weiner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Aducanumab has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinicians require guidance on the appropriate use of this new therapy. An Expert Panel was assembled to construct Appropriate Use Recommendations based on the participant populations, conduct of the pivotal trials of aducanumab, updated Prescribing Information, and expert consensus. Aducanumab is an amyloid-targeting monoclonal antibody delivered by monthly intravenous infusions. The pivotal trials included patients with early AD (mild cognitive impairment due to AD and mild AD dementia) who had confirmed brain amyloid using amyloid positron tomography. The Expert Panel recommends that use …

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Functional Outcomes Of Unstable Ankle Fractures With And Without Syndesmotic Fixation In The Adolescent Population, Connor J. Paez, Benjamin M. Lurie, Vidyadhar V. Upasani, Andrew T. Pennock Jun 2021

Functional Outcomes Of Unstable Ankle Fractures With And Without Syndesmotic Fixation In The Adolescent Population, Connor J. Paez, Benjamin M. Lurie, Vidyadhar V. Upasani, Andrew T. Pennock

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare functional outcomes of adolescents with and without ankle syndesmotic injuries and identify predictors of functional outcome after operative ankle fractures. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on operative adolescent ankle fractures treated between 2009 and 2019 with a minimum of one-year follow-up (mean 4.35 years). Patients who underwent syndesmotic fixation (SF) (n = 48) were compared with operative ankle fractures without syndesmotic injury (n = 63). Functional outcomes were assessed using standardized questionnaires, specifically the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) and Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation. Results: There were no differences …

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Cardiac Transplant Recipient With Covid-19 Induced Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure: A Case Report, Ariyon Schreiber, Kalaimani Elango, Kimberly Hong, Chowdhury Ahsan Jun 2021

Cardiac Transplant Recipient With Covid-19 Induced Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure: A Case Report, Ariyon Schreiber, Kalaimani Elango, Kimberly Hong, Chowdhury Ahsan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Heart transplant recipients represent a particularly vulnerable patient population to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to chronic immunosuppression and high rates of comorbidities. Currently, data are limited and evidence to guide management of heart transplant recipients with COVID-19 is sparse. In this case report, we provide a summary of the current literature as well as an in-depth analysis of our clinical decision-making. Case summary: A 67-year-old female who underwent cardiac transplantation 1 year prior was found to have acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Her immunosuppressant medications were modulated with discontinuation of mycophenolate and titration of …

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Required Longitudinal Service-Learning And Its Effects On Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward The Underserved, Monica Rose Arebalos, Faun Lee Botor, Edward Simanton, Jennifer Young Jun 2021

Required Longitudinal Service-Learning And Its Effects On Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward The Underserved, Monica Rose Arebalos, Faun Lee Botor, Edward Simanton, Jennifer Young

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although medical students enter medicine with altruistic motives and seek to serve indigent populations, studies show that medical students’ attitudes towards the undeserved tend to worsen significantly as they go through their medical education. This finding emphasizes the need for medical educators to implement activities such as service-learning that may help mitigate this negative trend. All students at the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) School of Medicine are required to participate in longitudinal service-learning throughout medical school, and a majority of students interact with the underserved at their service-learning sites. Using the previously validated Medical Student Attitudes Towards the …

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Helping Mothers Survive: Program Evaluation And Early Outcomes Of Maternal Care Training In The Dominican Republic, Meghan Smith, Alexandra Leader, Wanny Roa, Ericka Jaramillo, Davina Lazala, Jose Flores, Claudia Cadet, Ruraj Vazifedan, Suzanne Bentley, Lloyd Jensen Jun 2021

Helping Mothers Survive: Program Evaluation And Early Outcomes Of Maternal Care Training In The Dominican Republic, Meghan Smith, Alexandra Leader, Wanny Roa, Ericka Jaramillo, Davina Lazala, Jose Flores, Claudia Cadet, Ruraj Vazifedan, Suzanne Bentley, Lloyd Jensen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: In 2017, approximately 295,000 women died during and immediately following pregnancy and childbirth worldwide, with 94% of these deaths occurring in low-resource settings. The Dominican Republic (DR) exhibits one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean despite the fact that 99% of registered births in the country are reportedly attended by a skilled birth attendant. This paradox implies that programs to support healthcare worker knowledge and skills improvement are vital to improving maternal health outcomes in the DR. Helping Mothers Survive (HMS) is a provider training program developed by Jhpiego and …

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Knowledge, Protective Behaviors And Risk Perception Of Covid-19 Among Dental Students In India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Kavita Batra, Yashashri Urankar, Ravi Batra, Aaron F. Gomez, Meru S., Pragati Kaurani May 2021

Knowledge, Protective Behaviors And Risk Perception Of Covid-19 Among Dental Students In India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Kavita Batra, Yashashri Urankar, Ravi Batra, Aaron F. Gomez, Meru S., Pragati Kaurani

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: This study’s objective was to examine the knowledge, performance in practicing protective behaviors, and risk perception of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) among dental students of India. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from 10–30 August 2020, involving 381 dental students that were enrolled at the Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute in India. A web-based structured questionnaire assessed the COVID-19 related knowledge, protective behaviors, and risk perception performance. The independent-samples-t and analysis of variance tests were used to analyze the differences in knowledge, protective behaviors, and perception across the groups. Results: Of the dental students surveyed, 83% had adequate …

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Vitamin D3 Induces Mesenchymal-To-Endothelial Transition And Promotes A Proangiogenic Niche Through Igf-1 Signaling, Lei Chen, Anweshan Samanta, Lin Zhao, Nathaniel R. Dudley, Tanner Buehler, Robert J. Vincent, Jeryl Hauptman, Magdy Girgis, Buddhadeb Dawn Apr 2021

Vitamin D3 Induces Mesenchymal-To-Endothelial Transition And Promotes A Proangiogenic Niche Through Igf-1 Signaling, Lei Chen, Anweshan Samanta, Lin Zhao, Nathaniel R. Dudley, Tanner Buehler, Robert J. Vincent, Jeryl Hauptman, Magdy Girgis, Buddhadeb Dawn

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Biological Sciences; Physiology; Molecular Biology; Cell Biology

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Intraluminal Endovascular Coil Migration: A Rare Complication Post-Embolization Of The Gastroduodenal Artery For A Previously Bleeding Duodenal Ulcer, Yassin Naga, Mahendran Jayaraj, Yousif Elmofti, Annie Hong, Gordon Ohning Apr 2021

Intraluminal Endovascular Coil Migration: A Rare Complication Post-Embolization Of The Gastroduodenal Artery For A Previously Bleeding Duodenal Ulcer, Yassin Naga, Mahendran Jayaraj, Yousif Elmofti, Annie Hong, Gordon Ohning

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Transarterial angiographic embolization is a highly effective, safe treatment for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding refractory to endoscopic intervention. However, intraluminal coil migration is a possible complication. Coil migration, while usually a self-limiting process, can lead to significant rebleeding. In our case, a patient presented with a life-threatening duodenal ulcer hemorrhage, likely precipitated by intraluminal endovascular coil migration after a recent gastro-duodenal artery embolization. He was successfully managed without endoscopic coil removal and had no additional gastrointestinal bleeding. It is important for endoscopists to be aware of this complication and weigh the risks and benefits of coil removal.

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The Association Of Education In A New Society And Social Support From The Education With The Health Of North Korean Defectors: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jihyun Lee, Yui Park, Dong Hun Han, Ji Won Yoo, Wenlian Zhou, Pearl Kim, Jay J. Shen Apr 2021

The Association Of Education In A New Society And Social Support From The Education With The Health Of North Korean Defectors: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jihyun Lee, Yui Park, Dong Hun Han, Ji Won Yoo, Wenlian Zhou, Pearl Kim, Jay J. Shen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: The number of North Korean defectors (NKDs) escaping to South Korea has increased. The health status of NKDs is an essential factor for a successful settlement into South Korean society. However, no studies have been conducted on the health status of NKDs in terms of education and social support. The aim of this study was to determine the associations of education and social support with the self-rated health status among NKDs. Methods: This study utilized data gained from face-to-face interviews with 126 NKDs. A multivariable logistic regression and path analysis were performed to assess the effects of education in …

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The Effects Of Warfarin And Direct Oral Anticoagulants On Systemic Vascular Calcification: A Review, Kalaimani Elango, Awad Javaid, Banveet K. Khetarpal, Sathishkumar Ramalingam, Krishna Prasad Kolandaivel, Kulothungan Gunasekaran, Chowdhury Ahsan Mar 2021

The Effects Of Warfarin And Direct Oral Anticoagulants On Systemic Vascular Calcification: A Review, Kalaimani Elango, Awad Javaid, Banveet K. Khetarpal, Sathishkumar Ramalingam, Krishna Prasad Kolandaivel, Kulothungan Gunasekaran, Chowdhury Ahsan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Warfarin has been utilized for decades as an effective anticoagulant in patients with a history of strong risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Established adverse effects include bleeding, skin necrosis, teratogenicity during pregnancy, cholesterol embolization, and nephropathy. One of the lesser-known long-term side effects of warfarin is an increase in systemic arterial calcification. This is significant due to the association between vascular calcification and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have gained prominence in recent years, as they require less frequent monitoring and have a superior side effect profile to warfarin, specifically in relation to major bleeding. The …

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Photonic Designs To Reduce Morbidity And Mortality For Icu Patients On Ventilators, Jacob C. Lomonaco, Noah R. Baker, C. David Melville, Catherine A. Olivo, Matthew D. Carson, Eric J. Seibel Mar 2021

Photonic Designs To Reduce Morbidity And Mortality For Icu Patients On Ventilators, Jacob C. Lomonaco, Noah R. Baker, C. David Melville, Catherine A. Olivo, Matthew D. Carson, Eric J. Seibel

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia that occurs >48hrs after initiation of mechanical ventilation and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients that are hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The risk of developing VAP increases during use, and a diagnosis of VAP has been associated with a substantial cost. There are up to hundreds of thousands of cases in the US per year, costing the healthcare system billions annually. Patients who suffer from VAP frequently require longer ICU stays, higher exposure to antibiotics, and more hospital care at the risk of increased mortality. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has …

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Wjmsc-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicle Enhance T Cell Suppression Through Pd-L1, Meizhang Li, Rupal Soder, Sunil Abhyankar, Haitham Abdelhakim, Mitchell W. Braun, Camille V. Trinidad, Harsh B. Pathak, Ziyan Pessetto, Clayton Deighan, Siddhartha Ganguly, Buddhadeb Dawn, Joseph Mcguirk, Neil Dunavin, Andrew K. Godwin Feb 2021

Wjmsc-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicle Enhance T Cell Suppression Through Pd-L1, Meizhang Li, Rupal Soder, Sunil Abhyankar, Haitham Abdelhakim, Mitchell W. Braun, Camille V. Trinidad, Harsh B. Pathak, Ziyan Pessetto, Clayton Deighan, Siddhartha Ganguly, Buddhadeb Dawn, Joseph Mcguirk, Neil Dunavin, Andrew K. Godwin

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles Both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their corresponding small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, commonly referred to as exosomes) share similar immunomodulatory properties that are potentially beneficial for the treatment of acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD). We report that clinical grade Wharton's Jelly-derived MSCs (WJMSCs) secrete sEVs enriched in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), an essential ligand for an inhibitory immune checkpoint. A rapid increase in circulating sEV-associated PD-L1 was observed in patients with aGvHD and was directly associated with …

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Cancer Survivorship In Hematologic Malignancies: Lifestyle Changes After Diagnosis, Pannaga Malalur, Manas Agastya, Sandhya Wahi-Gururaj, Chad L. Cross, Delva Deauna-Limayo, Edwin C. Kingsley Feb 2021

Cancer Survivorship In Hematologic Malignancies: Lifestyle Changes After Diagnosis, Pannaga Malalur, Manas Agastya, Sandhya Wahi-Gururaj, Chad L. Cross, Delva Deauna-Limayo, Edwin C. Kingsley

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Background: Studies show that patients make lifestyle changes soon after certain solid tumor diagnoses, suggesting that this may be a teachable moment to motivate and promote healthy behaviors. There is a paucity of data regarding changes made after a diagnosis of a hematologic malignancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 116 patients at a community oncology center who completed anonymous questionnaires was performed. Questions addressed lifestyle choices made with respect to smoking, alcohol consumption, recreational drug use, diet, and exercise habits before and after diagnosis of a hematologic …

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Eus-Guided Pelvic Drainage: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Banreet Singh Dhindsa, Yassin Naga, Syed Mohsin Saghir, Amaninder Dhaliwal, Daryl Ramai, Chad Cross, Shailender Singh, Ishfaq Bhat, Douglas G. Adler Jan 2021

Eus-Guided Pelvic Drainage: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Banreet Singh Dhindsa, Yassin Naga, Syed Mohsin Saghir, Amaninder Dhaliwal, Daryl Ramai, Chad Cross, Shailender Singh, Ishfaq Bhat, Douglas G. Adler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives: EUS-guided pelvic abscess drainage (EUS-PAD) is a procedure that utilizes an echoendoscope to visualize an area of interest for needle insertion and placement of a stent, catheter, or both for drainage of the target abscess. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis for the safety and efficacy of EUS-PAD. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases and conference proceedings including PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases (earliest inception to February 2020). The primary outcomes for this study were the technical and clinical …

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Patterns Of Lumbar Disc Degeneration: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis In Symptomatic Subjects, Monchai Ruangchainikom, Michael D. Daubs, Akinobu Suzuki, Chengjie Xiong, Tetsuo Hayashi, Trevor P. Scott, Kevin Phan, Jeffrey C. Wang Jan 2021

Patterns Of Lumbar Disc Degeneration: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis In Symptomatic Subjects, Monchai Ruangchainikom, Michael D. Daubs, Akinobu Suzuki, Chengjie Xiong, Tetsuo Hayashi, Trevor P. Scott, Kevin Phan, Jeffrey C. Wang

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Purpose: To evaluate lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in symptomatic subjects to accumulate baseline data on the pattern of degeneration. Overview of Literature: LDD plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of low-back pain in patients. Few studies have focused on the pattern of LDD to understand how the lumbar spine ages. Methods: This study included 1,095 patients (mean age, 44.29 years; range, 16–85 years) who underwent upright lumbar MRI. LDD was graded into five categories (I–V). Positive LDD was defined as grade III or greater. The prevalence and pattern …

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