Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

International Evidence-Based Consensus Diagnostic And Treatment Guidelines For Unicentric Castleman Disease., Frits Van Rhee, Eric Oksenhendler, Gordan Srkalovic, Peter Voorhees, Megan Lim, Angela Dispenzieri, Makoto Ide, Sophia Parente, Stephen Schey, Matthew Streetly, Raymond Wong, David Wu, Ivan Maillard, Joshua Brandstadter, Nikhil Munshi, Wilbur Bowne, Kojo S Elenitoba-Johnson, Alexander Fössa, Mary Jo Lechowicz, Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan, Sheila K Pierson, Amy Greenway, Sunita Nasta, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki, Razelle Kurzrock, Thomas S Uldrick, Corey Casper, Amy Chadburn, David C Fajgenbaum

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Castleman disease (CD) includes a group of rare and heterogeneous disorders with characteristic lymph node histopathological abnormalities. CD can occur in a single lymph node station, which is referred to as unicentric CD (UCD). CD can also involve multicentric lymphadenopathy and inflammatory symptoms (multicentric CD [MCD]). MCD includes human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8)-associated MCD, POEMS-associated MCD, and HHV-8-/idiopathic MCD (iMCD). The first-ever diagnostic and treatment guidelines were recently developed for iMCD by an international expert consortium convened by the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN). The focus of this report is to establish similar guidelines for the management of UCD. To this purpose, …

Blood-Brain Barrier: Mechanisms Governing Permeability And Interaction With Peripherally Acting Μ-Opioid Receptor Antagonists., Eugene R. Viscusi, Andrew R Viscusi

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) describes the unique properties of endothelial cells (ECs) that line the central nervous system (CNS) microvasculature. The BBB supports CNS homeostasis via EC-associated transport of ions, nutrients, proteins and waste products between the brain and blood. These transport mechanisms also serve as physiological barriers to pathogens, toxins and xenobiotics to prevent them from contacting neural tissue. The mechanisms that govern BBB permeability pose a challenge to drug design for CNS disorders, including pain, but can be exploited to limit the effects of a drug to the periphery, as in the design of the peripherally acting μ-opioid …

Atypical Reactivation Of Varicella Zoster Virus Associated With Pancreatitis In A Heart Transplant Patient., Christine Shieh, Ashley Barnes, Drew Johnson, Ilya Danelich, Pharmd, Bcps, Bccp, Preethi Pirlamarla, Rene Alvarez, H. Todd Massey, Md, Mahek Shah

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is rare following solid organ transplantation but is associated with high mortality. It has been most commonly reported following renal transplant but can occur with other solid organ transplantations. CASE REPORT A 46-year-old male who had an orthotopic heart transplant 6 months ago presented with a 3-week history of abdominal pain. The patient described it as intermittent, sharp, and stabbing, originating in the periumbilical area and radiating to the back. His lipase was elevated at 232 U/L. Given that the patient's symptoms and lipase were elevated to greater than three times the upper limit of normal, he …

Posterior Cortical Atrophy: Characteristics From A Clinical Data Registry., Jennifer J Olds, William L Hills, Judith Warner, Julie Falardeau, Lori Haase Alasantro, Mark L Moster, Robert A Egan, Wayne T Cornblath, Andrew G Lee, Benjamin M Frishberg, Roger E Turbin, David M Katz, John A Charley, Victoria S Pelak

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Characteristics Of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections At A Midwestern Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Study Of 365 Patients., Claire E Hannah, Bradley A Ford, Jina Chung, Dilek Ince, Karolyn A Wanat

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Background: The prevalence of infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is increasing worldwide, yet little is known about the epidemiology and pathophysiology of these ubiquitous environmental organisms. Pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium avium complex is most prevalent, but many other NTM species can cause disease in virtually any organ system. As NTM becomes an increasingly common cause of morbidity and mortality, more information is needed about the epidemiology of NTM disease.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients with cultures that grew NTM at a Midwestern tertiary hospital from 1996 to 2017. Information on demographics, medical history, …

Preconception Nutrition Intervention Improved Birth Length And Reduced Stunting And Wasting In Newborns In South Asia: The Women First Randomized Controlled Trial., Sangappa M Dhaded, K. Michael Hambidge, Sumera Aziz Ali, Manjunath Somannavar, Sarah Saleem, Omrana Pasha, Umber Khan, Veena Herekar, Sunil Vernekar, S. Yogesh Kumar, Jamie E. Westcott, Vanessa R. Thorsten, Amaanti Sridhar, Abhik Das, Elizabeth Mcclure, Richard J. Derman, Robert L. Goldenberg, Marion Koso-Thomas, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Nancy F. Krebs

Global Health Articles

South Asia has >50% of the global burden of low birth weight (LBW). The objective was to determine the extent to which maternal nutrition interventions commenced before conception or in the 1st trimester improved fetal growth in this region. This was a secondary analysis of combined newborn anthropometric data for the South Asian sites (India and Pakistan) in the Women First Preconception Maternal Nutrition Trial. Participants were 972 newborn of mothers who were poor, rural, unselected on basis of nutritional status, and had been randomized to receive a daily lipid-based micronutrient supplement commencing ≥3 months prior to conception (Arm 1), …

Low-Dose Aspirin For The Prevention Of Preterm Delivery In Nulliparous Women With A Singleton Pregnancy (Aspirin): A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial., Matthew K. Hoffman, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Bhalachandra S. Kodkany, Mrityunjay Metgud, Manjunath Somannavar, Jean Okitawutshu, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Carl L. Bose, Abigail Mwapule, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A. Carlo, Javier Chicuy, Lester Figueroa, Ana Garces, Nancy F. Krebs, Saleem Jessani, Farnaz Zehra, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Kunal Kurhe, Prabir Das, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Emmah Achieng, Paul Nyongesa, Fabian Esamai, Edward A. Liechty, Norman Goco, Jennifer Hemingway-Foday, Janet Moore, Tracy L. Nolen, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Marion Koso-Thomas, Menachem Miodovnik, R. Silver, Richard J. Derman, Aspirin Study Group

Global Health Articles

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth remains a common cause of neonatal mortality, with a disproportionately high burden in low-income and middle-income countries. Meta-analyses of low-dose aspirin to prevent pre-eclampsia suggest that the incidence of preterm birth might also be decreased, particularly if initiated before 16 weeks of gestation.

METHODS: ASPIRIN was a randomised, multicountry, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin (81 mg daily) initiated between 6 weeks and 0 days of pregnancy, and 13 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy, in nulliparous women with an ultrasound confirming gestational age and a singleton viable pregnancy. Participants were enrolled at seven community sites in …