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Articles 1 - 30 of 76
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Lifetime Prevalence, Age Of Risk, And Genetic Relationships Of Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders In Tourette Syndrome, M. E. Hirschtritt, P. C. Lee, D. L. Pauls, Y. Dion, M. A. Grados, R. A. King, P. Sandor, W. M. Mcmahon, G. J. Lyon, C. A. Mathews, +4 Additional Authors
Lifetime Prevalence, Age Of Risk, And Genetic Relationships Of Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders In Tourette Syndrome, M. E. Hirschtritt, P. C. Lee, D. L. Pauls, Y. Dion, M. A. Grados, R. A. King, P. Sandor, W. M. Mcmahon, G. J. Lyon, C. A. Mathews, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
IMPORTANCE: Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by high rates of psychiatric comorbidity; however, few studies have fully characterized these comorbidities. Furthermore, most studies have included relatively few participants (
Negative Symptoms And Impaired Social Functioning Predict Later Psychosis In Latino Youth At Clinical High Risk In The North American Prodromal Longitudinal Studies Consortium, Tracy Alderman, Jean Addington, Carrie Bearden, Tyrone D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Diana O. Perkins, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Kristin S. Cadenhead, +2 Additional Authors
Negative Symptoms And Impaired Social Functioning Predict Later Psychosis In Latino Youth At Clinical High Risk In The North American Prodromal Longitudinal Studies Consortium, Tracy Alderman, Jean Addington, Carrie Bearden, Tyrone D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Diana O. Perkins, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Kristin S. Cadenhead, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Abnormal Resting State Fmri Activity Predicts Processing Speed Deficits In First-Episode Psychosis, M. Argyelan, J. A. Gallego, D. G. Robinson, T. Ikuta, D. Sarpal, M. John, P. B. Kingsley, J. M. Kane, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Abnormal Resting State Fmri Activity Predicts Processing Speed Deficits In First-Episode Psychosis, M. Argyelan, J. A. Gallego, D. G. Robinson, T. Ikuta, D. Sarpal, M. John, P. B. Kingsley, J. M. Kane, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Journal Articles
Little is known regarding the neuropsychological significance of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) activity early in the course of psychosis. Moreover, no studies have used different approaches for analysis of rs-fMRI activity and examined gray matter thickness in the same cohort. In this study, 41 patients experiencing a first-episode of psychosis (including N = 17 who were antipsychotic drug-naive at the time of scanning) and 41 individually age-and sex-matched healthy volunteers completed rs-fMRI and structural MRI exams and neuropsychological assessments. We computed correlation matrices for 266 regions-of-interest across the brain to assess global connectivity. In addition, independent component …
Alcohol Confounds Relationship Between Cannabis Misuse And Psychosis Conversion In A High-Risk Sample, A. M. Auther, K. S. Cadenhead, R. E. Carrion, J. Addington, C. E. Bearden, T. D. Cannon, T. H. Mcglashan, E. F. Walker, S. W. Woods, B. A. Cornblatt, +3 Additional Authors
Alcohol Confounds Relationship Between Cannabis Misuse And Psychosis Conversion In A High-Risk Sample, A. M. Auther, K. S. Cadenhead, R. E. Carrion, J. Addington, C. E. Bearden, T. D. Cannon, T. H. Mcglashan, E. F. Walker, S. W. Woods, B. A. Cornblatt, +3 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
ObjectiveCannabis use has been examined as a predictor of psychosis in clinical high-risk (CHR) samples, but little is known about the impact of other substances on this relationship. MethodSubstance use was assessed in a large sample of CHR participants (N=370, mean age=18.3) enrolled in the multisite North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 1 project. Three hundred and forty-one participants with cannabis use data were divided into groups: No Use (NU, N=211); Cannabis Use without impairment (CU, N=63); Cannabis Abuse/Dependence (CA/CD, N=67). Participants (N=283) were followed for 2years to determine psychosis conversion. ResultsAlcohol (45.3%) and cannabis (38.1%) were the most common …
Association Of Thalamic Dysconnectivity And Conversion To Psychosis In Youth And Young Adults At Elevated Clinical Risk, A. Anticevic, K. Haut, J. D. Murray, G. Repovs, B. Goodyear, K. S. Cadenhead, H. Mirzakhanian, B. A. Cornblatt, D. Olvet, T. D. Cannon, +16 Additional Authors
Association Of Thalamic Dysconnectivity And Conversion To Psychosis In Youth And Young Adults At Elevated Clinical Risk, A. Anticevic, K. Haut, J. D. Murray, G. Repovs, B. Goodyear, K. S. Cadenhead, H. Mirzakhanian, B. A. Cornblatt, D. Olvet, T. D. Cannon, +16 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
IMPORTANCE: Severe neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, affect distributed neural computations. One candidate system profoundly altered in chronic schizophrenia involves the thalamocortical networks. It is widely acknowledged that schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that likely affects the brain before onset of clinical symptoms. However, no investigation has tested whether thalamocortical connectivity is altered in individuals at risk for psychosis or whether this pattern is more severe in individuals who later develop full-blown illness. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether baseline thalamocortical connectivity differs between individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy controls, whether this pattern is more severe in those …
Prenatal Exposure To Maternal Smoking And Symptom Severity Among Offspring With First-Episode Nonaffective Psychosis, F. Bernardini, C. R. Wan, A. Crisafio, S. H. Massey, M. T. Compton
Prenatal Exposure To Maternal Smoking And Symptom Severity Among Offspring With First-Episode Nonaffective Psychosis, F. Bernardini, C. R. Wan, A. Crisafio, S. H. Massey, M. T. Compton
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (Napls 2) The Prodromal Symptoms, J. Addington, L. Liu, L. Buchy, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, D. O. Perkins, C. E. Bearden, D. H. Mathalon, T. H. Mcglashan, +4 Additional Authors
North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (Napls 2) The Prodromal Symptoms, J. Addington, L. Liu, L. Buchy, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, D. O. Perkins, C. E. Bearden, D. H. Mathalon, T. H. Mcglashan, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
In studies describing the long-term follow-up up of youth at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis, little attention has been given to details of specific prodromal symptoms. In this paper, we describe the prodromal symptoms of 764 CHR participants recruited in the multi-site North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS). Symptoms were rated on the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) at baseline and 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month follow-ups. Clinical outcome at the 2-year assessment was categorized as psychotic, prodromal progression, symptomatic or in remission. Most of the CHR sample (92%) met criteria for the attenuated positive symptoms syndrome (APSS). Significant …
Expanded Genetic Screening Panel For The Ashkenazi Jewish Population, B. Baskovich, I. Peter, J. H. Cho, G. Atzmon, L. Clark, J. Yu, T. Lencz, I. Pe'er, H. Ostrer, C. Oddoux, +7 Additional Authors
Expanded Genetic Screening Panel For The Ashkenazi Jewish Population, B. Baskovich, I. Peter, J. H. Cho, G. Atzmon, L. Clark, J. Yu, T. Lencz, I. Pe'er, H. Ostrer, C. Oddoux, +7 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
PURPOSE: Carrier screening programs that identify the presence of known mutations have been effective for reducing the incidence of autosomal recessive conditions in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population and other populations. Yet, these programs have not realized their full potential. Furthermore, many known autosomal recessive and dominant conditions are not screened for and the molecular basis of other conditions for which screening might be offered is unknown. METHODS: Through literature review and annotation of full sequenced genomes from healthy individuals, we expanded the list of mutations. Mutations were identified in a sample of 128 fully sequenced AJ genomes that were …
Evaluating The Relationship Between Cannabis Use And Iq In Youth And Young Adults At Clinical High Risk Of Psychosis, L. Buchy, L. J. Seidman, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, E. F. Walker, S. W. Woods, C. E. Bearden, D. H. Mathalon, J. Addington, +4 Additional Authors
Evaluating The Relationship Between Cannabis Use And Iq In Youth And Young Adults At Clinical High Risk Of Psychosis, L. Buchy, L. J. Seidman, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, E. F. Walker, S. W. Woods, C. E. Bearden, D. H. Mathalon, J. Addington, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Among people with psychosis, those with a history of cannabis use show better cognitive performance than those who are cannabis naive. It is unknown whether this pattern is present in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. We evaluated relationships between IQ and cannabis use while controlling for use of other substances known to impact cognition in 678 CHR and 263 healthy control (HC) participants. IQ was estimated using the Vocabulary and Block Design subtests of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. Drug and alcohol use severity and frequency were assessed with the Alcohol and Drug Use Scale, and …
Interpersonal Functioning In Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, N. M. Cain, E. B. Ansell, H. B. Simpson, A. Pinto
Interpersonal Functioning In Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, N. M. Cain, E. B. Ansell, H. B. Simpson, A. Pinto
Journal Articles
The core symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) often lead to interpersonal difficulties. However, little research has explored interpersonal functioning in OCPD. This study examined interpersonal problems, interpersonal sensitivities, empathy, and systemizing, the drive to analyze and derive underlying rules for systems, in a sample of 25 OCPD individuals, 25 individuals with comorbid OCPD and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and 25 healthy controls. We found that OCPD individuals reported hostile-dominant interpersonal problems and sensitivities with warm-dominant behavior by others, whereas OCPD+OCD individuals reported submissive interpersonal problems and sensitivities with warm-submissive behavior by others. Individuals with OCPD, with and without OCD, reported …
Ld Score Regression Distinguishes Confounding From Polygenicity In Genome-Wide Association Studies, B. K. Bulik-Sullivan, P. R. Loh, H. K. Finucane, S. Ripke, J. Yang, N. Patterson, M. J. Daly, A. L. Price, B. M. Neale, A. Malhotra
Ld Score Regression Distinguishes Confounding From Polygenicity In Genome-Wide Association Studies, B. K. Bulik-Sullivan, P. R. Loh, H. K. Finucane, S. Ripke, J. Yang, N. Patterson, M. J. Daly, A. L. Price, B. M. Neale, A. Malhotra
Journal Articles
Both polygenicity (many small genetic effects) and confounding biases, such as cryptic relatedness and population stratification, can yield an inflated distribution of test statistics in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, current methods cannot distinguish between inflation from a true polygenic signal and bias. We have developed an approach, LD Score regression, that quantifies the contribution of each by examining the relationship between test statistics and linkage disequilibrium (LD). The LD Score regression intercept can be used to estimate a more powerful and accurate correction factor than genomic control. We find strong evidence that polygenicity accounts for the majority of the …
Postnatal Neurodevelopmental Expression And Glutamate-Dependent Regulation Of The Znf804a Rodent Homologue, E. H. Chang, A. Kirtley, T. S. Chandon, P. Borger, S. Husain-Krautter, V. Vingtdeux, A. Malhotra
Postnatal Neurodevelopmental Expression And Glutamate-Dependent Regulation Of The Znf804a Rodent Homologue, E. H. Chang, A. Kirtley, T. S. Chandon, P. Borger, S. Husain-Krautter, V. Vingtdeux, A. Malhotra
Journal Articles
The zinc finger protein ZNF804A rs1344706 variant is a replicated genome-wide significant risk variant for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. While its association with altered brain structure and cognition in patients and healthy risk allele carriers is well documented, the characteristics and function of the gene in the brain remains poorly understood. Here, we used in situ hybridization to determine mRNA expression levels of the ZNF804A rodent homologue, Zfp804a, across multiple postnatal neurodevelopmental time points in the rat brain. We found changes in Zfp804a expression in the rat hippocampus, frontal cortex, and thalamus across postnatal neurodevelopment. Zfp804a mRNA peaked at postnatal …
Abnormal Movements In First-Episode, Nonaffective Psychosis: Dyskinesias, Stereotypies, And Catatonic-Like Signs, M. T. Compton, F. Fantes, C. R. Wan, S. Johnson, E. F. Walker
Abnormal Movements In First-Episode, Nonaffective Psychosis: Dyskinesias, Stereotypies, And Catatonic-Like Signs, M. T. Compton, F. Fantes, C. R. Wan, S. Johnson, E. F. Walker
Journal Articles
Motor abnormalities represent a neurobehavioral domain of signs intrinsic to schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, though they are commonly attributed to medication side effects and remain understudied. Individuals with first-episode psychosis represent an ideal group to study innate movement disorders due to minimal prior antipsychotic exposure. We measured dyskinesias, stereotypies, and catatonic-like signs and examined their associations with: (1) age at onset of psychotic symptoms and duration of untreated psychosis; (2) positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms; (3) neurocognition; and (4) neurological soft signs. Among 47 predominantly African American first-episode psychosis patients in a public-sector hospital, the presence and severity of dyskinesias, stereotypies, and …
Personality Domains, Duration Of Untreated Psychosis, Functioning, And Symptom Severity In First-Episode Psychosis, M. Compton, R. Bakeman, Y. Alolayan, P. M. Balducci, F. Bernardini, B. Broussard, A. Crisafio, S. Cristofaro, S. Johnson, C. R. Wan, +1 Additional Author
Personality Domains, Duration Of Untreated Psychosis, Functioning, And Symptom Severity In First-Episode Psychosis, M. Compton, R. Bakeman, Y. Alolayan, P. M. Balducci, F. Bernardini, B. Broussard, A. Crisafio, S. Cristofaro, S. Johnson, C. R. Wan, +1 Additional Author
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVES: Early-course psychotic disorders have been extensively studied in terms of phenomenology, but little is known about the influence of personality traits on clinical features of first-episode psychosis. The aim of this study was to explore how the "big five" personality domains (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) are associated with treatment delay (duration of untreated psychosis, DUP), functioning, and positive and negative symptom severity. METHODS: Data for these analyses were obtained from 104 participants enrolled from psychiatric inpatient units in Atlanta, Georgia, between August 2008 and March 2011. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) was used to assess personality domains, …
Effects Of Antipsychotics, Antidepressants And Mood Stabilizers On Risk For Physical Diseases In People With Schizophrenia, Depression And Bipolar Disorder, C. U. Correll, J. Detraux, J. De Lepeleire, M. De Hert
Effects Of Antipsychotics, Antidepressants And Mood Stabilizers On Risk For Physical Diseases In People With Schizophrenia, Depression And Bipolar Disorder, C. U. Correll, J. Detraux, J. De Lepeleire, M. De Hert
Journal Articles
People with severe mental illness have a considerably shorter lifespan than the general population. This excess mortality is mainly due to physical illness. Next to mental illness-related factors, unhealthy lifestyle, and disparities in health care access and utilization, psychotropic medications can contribute to the risk of physical morbidity and mortality. We systematically reviewed the effects of antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers on physical health outcomes in people with schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. Updating and expanding our prior systematic review published in this journal, we searched MEDLINE (November 2009 - November 2014), combining the MeSH terms of major physical disease …
Young-Onset Dementia Epidemiology Applied To Neuropsychiatry Practice, B. Devineni, C. U. Onyike
Young-Onset Dementia Epidemiology Applied To Neuropsychiatry Practice, B. Devineni, C. U. Onyike
Journal Articles
A substantial number of adults suffer young-onset dementia (YOD). The diversity of types and syndromes makes recognition and diagnosis difficult. An algorithmic approach to interpreting clinical data, informed by clinical epidemiology, integrates data pertaining to defining syndromes. Syndrome chronology and tempo, family history, and other neuropsychiatric features and neurologic signs, are used to reach a preliminary diagnosis and direct diagnostic tests and their interpretation. Screening for YOD in the psychiatric context is a rational process in which vigilance is combined with careful searches for red flags that signal a neurodegenerative etiology.
Memory Systems In Schizophrenia: Modularity Is Preserved But Deficits Are Generalized, K. M. Haut, K. H. Karlsgodt, R. M. Bilder, E. Congdon, N. B. Freimer, E. D. London, F. W. Sabb, J. Ventura, T. D. Cannon
Memory Systems In Schizophrenia: Modularity Is Preserved But Deficits Are Generalized, K. M. Haut, K. H. Karlsgodt, R. M. Bilder, E. Congdon, N. B. Freimer, E. D. London, F. W. Sabb, J. Ventura, T. D. Cannon
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia patients exhibit impaired working and episodic memory, but this may represent generalized impairment across memory modalities or performance deficits restricted to particular memory systems in subgroups of patients. Furthermore, it is unclear whether deficits are unique from those associated with other disorders. METHOD: Healthy controls (n=1101) and patients with schizophrenia (n=58), bipolar disorder (n=49) and attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (n=46) performed 18 tasks addressing primarily verbal and spatial episodic and working memory. Effect sizes for group contrasts were compared across tasks and the consistency of subjects' distributional positions across memory domains was measured. RESULTS: Schizophrenia patients performed poorly relative to the …
Neural Substrates Of Inhibitory Control Deficits In 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, C. A. Montojo, M. Jalbrzikowski, E. Congdon, S. Domicoli, C. Chow, C. Dawson, K. H. Karlsgodt, R. M. Bilder, C. E. Bearden
Neural Substrates Of Inhibitory Control Deficits In 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, C. A. Montojo, M. Jalbrzikowski, E. Congdon, S. Domicoli, C. Chow, C. Dawson, K. H. Karlsgodt, R. M. Bilder, C. E. Bearden
Journal Articles
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is associated with elevated levels of impulsivity, inattention, and distractibility, which may be related to underlying neurobiological dysfunction due to haploin-sufficiency for genes involved in dopaminergic neurotransmission (i. e. catechol-O-methyltransferase). The Stop-signal task has been employed to probe the neural circuitry involved in response inhibition (RI); findings in healthy individuals indicate that a fronto-basal ganglia network underlies successful inhibition of a prepotent motor response. However, little is known about the neurobiological substrates of RI difficulties in 22q11DS. Here, we investigated this using functional magnetic resonance imaging while 45 adult participants (15 22q11DS patients, 30 matched controls) …
Age And Sex Effects On Corpus Callosum Morphology Across The Lifespan, D. M. Prendergast, B. Ardekani, T. Ikuta, M. John, B. Peters, P. Derosse, R. Wellington, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Age And Sex Effects On Corpus Callosum Morphology Across The Lifespan, D. M. Prendergast, B. Ardekani, T. Ikuta, M. John, B. Peters, P. Derosse, R. Wellington, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Journal Articles
The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest interhemispheric white matter tract in the human brain, and is characterized by pronounced differences in morphology among individuals. There are limited data, however, regarding typical development, sex differences, and the neuropsychological correlates of individual differences within CC subregions. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging exams were collected in a large cohort (N=305) of healthy individuals (ages 8-68). We used a highly reliable program to automatically identify the midsagittal plane and obtain CC subregion measures according to approaches described by Witelson [1989]: Brain 112:799-835 and Hampel et al. [1998]: Arch Neurol 55:193-198 and a measure of …
A Common Polymorphism In Scn2a Predicts General Cognitive Ability Through Effects On Pfc Physiology, M. A. Scult, J. W. Trampush, F. Zheng, E. D. Conley, T. Lencz, A. K. Malhotra, D. Dickinson, D. R. Weinberger, A. R. Hariri
A Common Polymorphism In Scn2a Predicts General Cognitive Ability Through Effects On Pfc Physiology, M. A. Scult, J. W. Trampush, F. Zheng, E. D. Conley, T. Lencz, A. K. Malhotra, D. Dickinson, D. R. Weinberger, A. R. Hariri
Journal Articles
Here we provide novel convergent evidence across three independent cohorts of healthy adults (n = 531), demonstrating that a common polymorphism in the gene encoding the alpha2 subunit of neuronal voltage-gated type II sodium channels (SCN2A) predicts human general cognitive ability or "g." Using meta-analysis, we demonstrate that the minor T allele of a common polymorphism (rs10174400) in SCN2A is associated with significantly higher "g" independent of gender and age. We further demonstrate using resting-state fMRI data from our discovery cohort (n = 236) that this genetic advantage may be mediated by increased capacity for information processing between the dorsolateral …
Relationship Of Cognition To Clinical Response In First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, P. Derosse, M. John, J. A. Gallego, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, J. Addington, C. H. Kellner, M. Tohen, K. E. Burdick, T. Goldberg, J. M. Kane, D. G. Robinson, A. K. Malhotra
Relationship Of Cognition To Clinical Response In First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, P. Derosse, M. John, J. A. Gallego, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, J. Addington, C. H. Kellner, M. Tohen, K. E. Burdick, T. Goldberg, J. M. Kane, D. G. Robinson, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
First-episode schizophrenia (FES) spectrum disorders are associated with pronounced cognitive dysfunction across all domains. However, less is known about the course of cognitive functioning, following the first presentation of psychosis, and the relationship of cognition to clinical course during initial treatment. The present longitudinal study examined the magnitude of neurocognitive impairment, using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, in patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis at baseline and after 12 weeks of randomized antipsychotic treatment with either aripiprazole or risperidone. At baseline, FES patients evidenced marked impairments in cognitive functioning. Notably, performance on the mazes task of planning and reasoning …
Demographic Correlates Of Attenuated Positive Psychotic Symptoms, R. N. Waford, A. Macdonald, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Heinssen, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, S. W. Woods, T. H. Mcglashan, +8 Additional Authors
Demographic Correlates Of Attenuated Positive Psychotic Symptoms, R. N. Waford, A. Macdonald, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Heinssen, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, S. W. Woods, T. H. Mcglashan, +8 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
It is now well established that the utilization of standardized clinical criteria can enhance prediction of psychosis. These criteria are primarily concerned with the presence and severity of attenuated positive symptoms. Because these symptom criteria are used to derive algorithms for designating clinical high risk (CHR) status and for maximizing prediction of psychosis risk, it is important to know whether the symptom ratings vary as a function of demographic factors that have previously been linked with symptoms in diagnosed psychotic patients. Using a sample of 356 CHR individuals from the NAPLS-II multi-site study, we examined the relation of three sex, …
Association Of A Schizophrenia Risk Variant At The Drd2 Locus With Antipsychotic Treatment Response In First-Episode Psychosis, J. P. Zhang, D. G. Robinson, Juan Gallego, M. John, J. Yu, J. Addington, M. Tohen, John Kane, Anil Malhotra, T. Lencz
Association Of A Schizophrenia Risk Variant At The Drd2 Locus With Antipsychotic Treatment Response In First-Episode Psychosis, J. P. Zhang, D. G. Robinson, Juan Gallego, M. John, J. Yu, J. Addington, M. Tohen, John Kane, Anil Malhotra, T. Lencz
Journal Articles
Findings from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium genome-wide association study (GWAS) showed that variation at the DRD2 locus is associated with schizophrenia risk. However, the functional significance of rs2514218, the top DRD2 single nucleotide polymorphism in the GWAS, is unknown. Dopamine D2 receptor binding is a common mechanism of action for all antipsychotic drugs, and DRD2 variants were related to antipsychotic response in previous studies. The present study examined whether rs2514218 genotype could predict antipsychotic response, including efficacy and adverse events, in a cohort of patients with first episode of psychosis treated with either risperidone or aripiprazole for 12 weeks. Subjects …
Progressive Reduction In Cortical Thickness As Psychosis Develops: A Multisite Longitudinal Neuroimaging Study Of Youth At Elevated Clinical Risk, T. D. Cannon, Y. Chung, G. He, D. Sun, K. Cadenhead, B. A. Cornblatt, M. Tsuang, E. Walker, S. W. Woods, R. Heinssen, +10 Additional Authors
Progressive Reduction In Cortical Thickness As Psychosis Develops: A Multisite Longitudinal Neuroimaging Study Of Youth At Elevated Clinical Risk, T. D. Cannon, Y. Chung, G. He, D. Sun, K. Cadenhead, B. A. Cornblatt, M. Tsuang, E. Walker, S. W. Woods, R. Heinssen, +10 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) who progress to fully psychotic symptoms have been observed to show a steeper rate of cortical gray matter reduction compared with individuals without symptomatic progression and with healthy control subjects. Whether such changes reflect processes associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia or exposure to antipsychotic drugs is unknown. METHODS: In this multisite study, 274 CHR cases, including 35 individuals who converted to psychosis, and 135 healthy comparison subjects were scanned with magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, 12-month follow-up, or the point of conversion for the subjects who developed fully psychotic symptoms. RESULTS: In …
Clinical And Functional Outcomes After 2 Years In The Early Detection And Intervention For The Prevention Of Psychosis Multisite Effectiveness Trial, W. R. Mcfarlane, B. Levin, L. Travis, F. L. Lucas, S. Lynch, M. Verdi, Barbara Cornblatt, S. F. Taylor, A. M. Auther, E. Spring, +11 Additional Authors
Clinical And Functional Outcomes After 2 Years In The Early Detection And Intervention For The Prevention Of Psychosis Multisite Effectiveness Trial, W. R. Mcfarlane, B. Levin, L. Travis, F. L. Lucas, S. Lynch, M. Verdi, Barbara Cornblatt, S. F. Taylor, A. M. Auther, E. Spring, +11 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVE: To test effectiveness of the Early Detection, Intervention, and Prevention of Psychosis Program in preventing the onset of severe psychosis and improving functioning in a national sample of at-risk youth. METHODS: In a risk-based allocation study design, 337 youth (age 12-25) at risk of psychosis were assigned to treatment groups based on severity of positive symptoms. Those at clinically higher risk (CHR) or having an early first episode of psychosis (EFEP) were assigned to receive Family-aided Assertive Community Treatment (FACT); those at clinically lower risk (CLR) were assigned to receive community care. Between-groups differences on outcome variables were adjusted …
White Matter Development In The Early Stages Of Psychosis, B. D. Peters, K. H. Karlsgodt
White Matter Development In The Early Stages Of Psychosis, B. D. Peters, K. H. Karlsgodt
Journal Articles
Schizophrenia has been conceptualized as a disorder of both neurodevelopment and a disorder of connectivity. One important aspect of the neurodevelopmental hypothesis is that schizophrenia is no longer thought to have discrete illness time points, but rather a long trajectory of brain changes, spanning many years, across a series of stages of the disease including the prodrome, first episode, and chronic period. As the disease progresses, there is a complex relationship between age related changes and disease related changes. Therefore, neural changes, and specifically white matter based connectivity changes, in schizophrenia may be best conceptualized based on a lifespan trajectory. …
Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest A Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette's Syndrome And Ocd, D. Yu, C. A. Mathews, R. D. Bruun, C. Budman, N. J. Cox, D. L. Pauls, +113 Additional Authors
Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest A Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette's Syndrome And Ocd, D. Yu, C. A. Mathews, R. D. Bruun, C. Budman, N. J. Cox, D. L. Pauls, +113 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette's syndrome are highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders that are thought to share genetic risk factors. However, the identification of definitive susceptibility genes for these etiologically complex disorders remains elusive. The authors report a combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Tourette's syndrome and OCD. METHOD: The authors conducted a GWAS in 2,723 cases (1,310 with OCD, 834 with Tourette's syndrome, 579 with OCD plus Tourette's syndrome/chronic tics), 5,667 ancestry-matched controls, and 290 OCD parent-child trios. GWAS summary statistics were examined for enrichment of functional variants associated with gene expression levels in brain regions. Polygenic score analyses …
Cannabinoid Cb2 Receptors In A Mouse Model Of A Beta Amyloidosis: Immunohistochemical Analysis And Suitability As A Pet Biomarker Of Neuroinflammation, A. V. Savonenko, T. Melnikova, Y. C. Wang, H. Ravert, Y. J. Gao, J. Koppel, D. Lee, P. Davies, M. G. Pomper, A. G. Horti, +6 Additional Authors
Cannabinoid Cb2 Receptors In A Mouse Model Of A Beta Amyloidosis: Immunohistochemical Analysis And Suitability As A Pet Biomarker Of Neuroinflammation, A. V. Savonenko, T. Melnikova, Y. C. Wang, H. Ravert, Y. J. Gao, J. Koppel, D. Lee, P. Davies, M. G. Pomper, A. G. Horti, +6 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the early responses to A beta amyloidosis is recruitment of microglia to areas of new plaque. Microglial receptors such as cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) might be a suitable target for development of PET radiotracers that could serve as imaging biomarkers of A beta-induced neuroinflammation. Mouse models of amyloidosis (J20APPswe/ind and APPswe/PS1 Delta E9) were used to investigate the cellular distribution of CB2 receptors. Specificity of CB2 antibody (H60) was confirmed using J20APPswe/ind mice lacking CB2 receptors. APPswe/PS1 Delta E9 mice were used in small animal PET with a CB2-targeting radiotracer, [C-11]A836339. These studies revealed …
Strategies For Health Research: Lessons From 3 Mobile Intervention Studies, D. Ben-Zeev, S. M. Schueller, M. Begale, J. Duffecy, J. M. Kane, D. C. Mohr
Strategies For Health Research: Lessons From 3 Mobile Intervention Studies, D. Ben-Zeev, S. M. Schueller, M. Begale, J. Duffecy, J. M. Kane, D. C. Mohr
Journal Articles
The capacity of Mobile Health (mHealth) technologies to propel healthcare forward is directly linked to the quality of mobile interventions developed through careful mHealth research. mHealth research entails several unique characteristics, including collaboration with technologists at all phases of a project, reliance on regional telecommunication infrastructure and commercial mobile service providers, and deployment and evaluation of interventions "in the wild", with participants using mobile tools in uncontrolled environments. In the current paper, we summarize the lessons our multi-institutional/multi-disciplinary team has learned conducting a range of mHealth projects using mobile phones with diverse clinical populations. First, we describe three ongoing projects …
Role Of Social Media And The Internet In Pathways To Care For Adolescents And Young Adults With Psychotic Disorders And Non-Psychotic Mood Disorders, M. L. Birnbaum, A. F. Rizvi, Christoph Correll, J. M. Kane
Role Of Social Media And The Internet In Pathways To Care For Adolescents And Young Adults With Psychotic Disorders And Non-Psychotic Mood Disorders, M. L. Birnbaum, A. F. Rizvi, Christoph Correll, J. M. Kane
Journal Articles
AIMS: Although psychosis often occurs during adolescence, there has been little research on how the ubiquitously used Internet and social media could impact pathways to care. We examined how youth with psychotic spectrum disorders (PSD) versus non-psychotic mood disorders (NPMD) use online resources in the early illness stages. METHODS: Social media use and pathways to care data were collected using a semi-structured interview from 80 youth (PSD = 40 and NPMD = 40) aged 12-21 years within 2 years of symptom onset. RESULTS: A total of 97.5% of participants (mean age = 18.3 years) regularly used social media, spending approximately …