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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Can Acute Dermal Systemic Toxicity Tests Be Replaced With Oral Tests? A Comparison Of Route-Specific Systemic Toxicity And Hazard Classifications Under The Globally Harmonized System Of Classification And Labelling Of Chemicals (Ghs), Nigel P. Moore, David J. Andrew, Donald L. Bjerke, Stuart Creton, David Dreher, Thomas Holmes, Pilar Prieto, Troy Seidle, Tim G. Rowan
Can Acute Dermal Systemic Toxicity Tests Be Replaced With Oral Tests? A Comparison Of Route-Specific Systemic Toxicity And Hazard Classifications Under The Globally Harmonized System Of Classification And Labelling Of Chemicals (Ghs), Nigel P. Moore, David J. Andrew, Donald L. Bjerke, Stuart Creton, David Dreher, Thomas Holmes, Pilar Prieto, Troy Seidle, Tim G. Rowan
Troy Seidle, PhD
Acute systemic toxicity data (LD50 values) and hazard classifications derived in the rat following oral administration and dermal application have been analysed to examine whether or not orally-derived hazard classification or LD50 values can be used to determine dermal hazard classification. Comparing the oral and dermal classifications for 335 substances derived from oral and dermal LD50 values respectively revealed 17% concordance, and indicated that 7% of substances would be classified less severely while 76% would be classified more severely if oral classifications were applied directly to the dermal route. In contrast, applying the oral LD50 values within the dermal classification …
Determining The Critical Window Of Influence Of Pcb Perinatally On Behavioral And Hormonal Development In Sprague-Dawley Rat Pups, Natalie Sommerville, Lee A. Meserve, Howard C. Cromwell
Determining The Critical Window Of Influence Of Pcb Perinatally On Behavioral And Hormonal Development In Sprague-Dawley Rat Pups, Natalie Sommerville, Lee A. Meserve, Howard C. Cromwell
Honors Projects
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) had widespread use in the United States in commercial manufacturing in the United States until the late 1970s. Even though they were banned, measurable amounts can still be found in the environment and food sources. PCB has known effects on altering hormone development and behavior in the species Rattus norvegicus. To determine the most crucial developmental time of exposure to PCB in Sprague-Dawley rat pups, rat pups were exposed to PCB at differing weeks of either gestation period or the first postnatal week. Behavioral tests were performed for the different rat pups, as well as blood …
An Analysis Of The Use Of Animal Models In Predicting Human Toxicology And Drug Safety, Jarrod Bailey, Michelle Thew, Michael Balls
An Analysis Of The Use Of Animal Models In Predicting Human Toxicology And Drug Safety, Jarrod Bailey, Michelle Thew, Michael Balls
Experimentation Collection
Animal use continues to be central to preclinical drug development, in spite of a lack of its demonstrable validity. The current nadir of new drug approvals and the drying-up of pipelines may be a direct consequence of this. To estimate the evidential weight given by animal data to the probability that a new drug may be toxic to humans, we have calculated Likelihood Ratios (LRs) for an extensive data set of 2,366 drugs, for which both animal and human data are available, including tissue-level effects and MedDRA Level 1–4 biomedical observations. This was done for three preclinical species (rat, mouse …
Glial Cell Modulators And Associated Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Implications In Reducing Methamphetamine Abuse-Related Behaviors In Rodents, Sarah Snider
Theses and Dissertations
Methamphetamine is a psychomotor stimulant that produces hyperactivity and euphoria and can lead to drug-seeking and abuse. An estimate from 2005 put the cost of methamphetamine abuse to society at an estimated 23.4 billion dollars. One of methamphetamine's effects is activation of glial cells and associated neuroinflammatory activity in the periphery and CNS. Glia are responsible for maintaining calcium homeostasis, neuroplasticity, immune activity, and cell signaling. Activation of glia and neuroinflammation are becoming recognized as links in drug abuse-related behavior. The goal of the present work was to assess the ability of ibudilast, AV1013, and minocycline, three glial cell modulating …
Heme Consumption Reduces Hepatic Triglyceride And Fatty Acid Accumulation In A Rat Model Of Nafld Fed Westernized Diet, Soon Yew Tang, Irwin Kee M. Cheah, Pei Ern Ng, Aina Hoi, Andrew M. Jenner
Heme Consumption Reduces Hepatic Triglyceride And Fatty Acid Accumulation In A Rat Model Of Nafld Fed Westernized Diet, Soon Yew Tang, Irwin Kee M. Cheah, Pei Ern Ng, Aina Hoi, Andrew M. Jenner
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Studies have identified that serum-free hemoglobin subunits correlate positively with the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of hemoglobin in the development of NAFLD remains unclear. In the present study, a rat model of NAFLD was developed, using a westernized diet high in saturated fat and refined sugar. Since a "westernized" diet is also high in red meat, we tested the effect of hemoglobin as a dietary source of heme in our model. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum for 4 weeks either control diet (7% fat), westernized diet (WD, 18% fat + 1% cholesterol), hemoglobin …
Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Modulates Inflammation And Scarring After Ligament Injury, Connie S. Chamberlain, Ellen M. Leiferman, Kayt E. Frisch, Sarah E. Duenwald-Kuehl, Stacey L. Brickson, William L. Murphy, Georffrey S. Baer, Ray Vanderby
Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Modulates Inflammation And Scarring After Ligament Injury, Connie S. Chamberlain, Ellen M. Leiferman, Kayt E. Frisch, Sarah E. Duenwald-Kuehl, Stacey L. Brickson, William L. Murphy, Georffrey S. Baer, Ray Vanderby
Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering
Ligaments have limited regenerative potential and as a consequence, repair is protracted and results in a mechanically inferior tissue more scar-like than native ligament. We previously reported that a single injection of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) delivered at the time of injury, decreased the number of M2 macrophage-associated inflammatory cytokines. Based on these results, we hypothesized that IL-1Ra administered after injury and closer to peak inflammation (as would occur clinically), would more effectively decrease inflammation and thereby improve healing. Since IL-1Ra has a short half-life, we also investigated the effect of multiple injections. The objective of this study was to …
Comparison Of Intraarticular Bupivacaine And Levobupivacaine Injection In Rat Synovial Inflammation, Beki̇r Suat Kürkçüoğlu, Melahat Dönmez, Seher Altinel, Seda Banu Akinci, Fatma Saricaoğlu, Ülkü Aypar
Comparison Of Intraarticular Bupivacaine And Levobupivacaine Injection In Rat Synovial Inflammation, Beki̇r Suat Kürkçüoğlu, Melahat Dönmez, Seher Altinel, Seda Banu Akinci, Fatma Saricaoğlu, Ülkü Aypar
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Both bupivacaine and levobupivacaine are local anesthetics with strong analgesic efficacy that can be used intraarticularly. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of intraarticular bupivacaine and levobupivacaine injection on inflammation in articular cartilage and the synovium of the rat knee joint. Materials and methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were injected in the right knee joint with 0.2 mL of bupivacaine, while 0.2 mL of levobupivacaine was injected into the left knee joint. Groups of 5 were sacrificed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after bupivacaine and levobupivacaine administration and knee joints were examined for subintimal fibrosis, …
Chronic Moderate Alcohol Consumption Induces Inos Expression In The Penis: An Immunohistochemical Study, Süheyla Gonca, Yusufhan Yazir, Semi̇l Selcen Göçmez, Eki̇m Nur Dalçik, Ti̇jen Utkan, Hakki Dalçik
Chronic Moderate Alcohol Consumption Induces Inos Expression In The Penis: An Immunohistochemical Study, Süheyla Gonca, Yusufhan Yazir, Semi̇l Selcen Göçmez, Eki̇m Nur Dalçik, Ti̇jen Utkan, Hakki Dalçik
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
To investigate the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on metabolic alterations, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), immunohistochemical distribution, and morphological damage to penile erectile tissue in rats. Materials and methods: Male Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 rats (control group, n = 8) received tap water ad libitum, and group 2 rats (n = 8) were fed with 20% ethanol. Increasing levels of alcohol were given to the rats over 12 weeks. Immunohistochemistry was then performed using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique on 5-um thickness tissue sections. Stained sections were examined by imaging microscope. Results: Alcohol consumption resulted …
Effect Of Ginkgo Biloba On Brain Volume After Carotid Artery Occlusion In Rats: A Stereological And Histopathological Study, Zeynep Aktürk, Ersan Odaci, Ayşe İki̇nci̇, Orhan Baş, Si̇nan Canpolat, Serdar Çolakoğlu, Osman Fi̇kret Sönmez
Effect Of Ginkgo Biloba On Brain Volume After Carotid Artery Occlusion In Rats: A Stereological And Histopathological Study, Zeynep Aktürk, Ersan Odaci, Ayşe İki̇nci̇, Orhan Baş, Si̇nan Canpolat, Serdar Çolakoğlu, Osman Fi̇kret Sönmez
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
This study investigated the effect of Ginkgo biloba (GB) on brain volume in cerebral ischemia induced by stopping carotid artery blood flow. Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult male rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. No procedure was performed on the control group. Ischemia was applied to the rats in the ischemia and ischemia + GB groups by clamping the arteria carotis communis for 30 min. The rats in the ischemia + GB group were given 100 mg/kg drops (Tebokan Fort Drop, Abdi İbrahim İlaç Sanayi A.Ş., Turkey) containing dry GB leaf extract orally, every day for …
Effects Of Ozone Therapy And Taurine On Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Testicular Injury In A Rat Testicular Torsion Model, Tolga Reşat Aydos, Mehmet Murad Başar, Oğuz Kul, Hasan Tarik Atmaca, Tuba Uzunali̇oğlu, Üçler Kisa, Oğuzhan Eki̇n Efe
Effects Of Ozone Therapy And Taurine On Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Testicular Injury In A Rat Testicular Torsion Model, Tolga Reşat Aydos, Mehmet Murad Başar, Oğuz Kul, Hasan Tarik Atmaca, Tuba Uzunali̇oğlu, Üçler Kisa, Oğuzhan Eki̇n Efe
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
To investigate the effect of ozone and/or taurine treatment comparatively on testicular damage due to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in an experimental torsion model in rats. Materials and methods: Adult Wistar rats with and without torsion/detorsion were used. In order to monitor the effect of ozone and/or taurine treatment on testicular damage due to I/R injury, following histopathological investigation apoptotic indexes were scored by TUNEL method. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), caspase 3, caspase 8, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\alpha), and cytochrome C immunostainings were performed and the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide …