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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Binge Ethanol And Liver: New Molecular Developments, Shivendra Shukla, Stephen Pruett, Gyongyi Szabo, Gavin Arteel
Binge Ethanol And Liver: New Molecular Developments, Shivendra Shukla, Stephen Pruett, Gyongyi Szabo, Gavin Arteel
Gyongyi Szabo
Binge consumption of alcohol is an alarming global health problem. Binge (acute) ethanol (EtOH) is implicated in the pathophysiology of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). New studies from experimental animals and from humans indicate that binge EtOH has profound effects on immunological, signaling, and epigenetic parameters of the liver. This is in addition to the known metabolic effects of acute EtOH. Binge EtOH alters the levels of several cellular components and dramatically amplifies liver injury in chronically EtOH exposed liver. These studies highlight the importance of molecular investigations into binge effects of EtOH for a better understanding of ALD and also …
Toll-Like Receptors In Liver Disease, Jan Petrasek, Timea Csak, Gyongyi Szabo
Toll-Like Receptors In Liver Disease, Jan Petrasek, Timea Csak, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Activation of inflammatory signaling pathways is of central importance in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recent studies demonstrated that Toll-like receptors, the sensors of microbial and endogenous danger signals, are expressed and activated in innate immune cells as well as in parenchymal cells in the liver and thereby contribute to ALD and NASH. In this review, we emphasize the importance of gut-derived endotoxin and its recognition by TLR4 in the liver. The significance of TLR-induced intracellular signaling pathways and cytokine production as well as the contribution of individual cell types to the inflammation is …