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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Another Armed Cd4(+) T Cell Ready To Battle Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Roniel Cabrera, Gyongyi Szabo
Another Armed Cd4(+) T Cell Ready To Battle Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Roniel Cabrera, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
No abstract provided.
Assessment Of Human Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Lymphocyte Responses In Experimental Viral Vaccine Studies, Alan Rothman, Y. Yamada, Julie Jameson, John Cruz, Kim West, Sharone Green, Francis Ennis
Assessment Of Human Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Lymphocyte Responses In Experimental Viral Vaccine Studies, Alan Rothman, Y. Yamada, Julie Jameson, John Cruz, Kim West, Sharone Green, Francis Ennis
Alan Rothman
The traditional in vitro correlate of immunological protection is the induction by a vaccine of neutralizing antibodies against the virus. It was formerly assumed that protection induced by a vaccine was solely due to neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies are potent in the prevention of certain diseases, but virus-specific CD4+ T helper cells aid in the proliferation of specific antigen-triggered B cells to make antibodies. CD8+ T cells are responsible for eliminating virus-infected cells during viral illness, and may act as a second line of defence by becoming activated and eliminating any cells that become infected despite the presence of neutralizing …
Dengue Virus Protein Recognition By Virus-Specific Murine Cd8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Alan L. Rothman, Ichiro Kurane, Ching-Juh Lai, Michael Bray, Barry Falgout, Ruhe Men, Francis A. Ennis
Dengue Virus Protein Recognition By Virus-Specific Murine Cd8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Alan L. Rothman, Ichiro Kurane, Ching-Juh Lai, Michael Bray, Barry Falgout, Ruhe Men, Francis A. Ennis
Alan Rothman
The identification of the protein targets for dengue virus-specific T lymphocytes may be useful for planning the development of subunit vaccines against dengue. We studied the recognition by murine dengue virus-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) of dengue virus proteins using recombinant vaccinia viruses containing segments of the dengue virus genome. CTL from H-2k mice recognized a single serotype-cross-reactive epitope on the nonstructural (NS) protein NS3. CTL from H-2b mice recognized a serotype-cross-reactive epitope that was localized to NS4a or NS4b. CTL from H-2d mice recognized at least three epitopes: a serotype-specific epitope on one …
Analysis Of Murine Cd8(+) T-Cell Clones Specific For The Dengue Virus Ns3 Protein: Flavivirus Cross-Reactivity And Influence Of Infecting Serotype, Anne C. Spaulding, Ichiro Kurane, Francis A. Ennis, Alan L. Rothman
Analysis Of Murine Cd8(+) T-Cell Clones Specific For The Dengue Virus Ns3 Protein: Flavivirus Cross-Reactivity And Influence Of Infecting Serotype, Anne C. Spaulding, Ichiro Kurane, Francis A. Ennis, Alan L. Rothman
Alan Rothman
Serotype-cross-reactive dengue virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) induced during a primary dengue virus infection are thought to play a role in the immunopathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) during a secondary dengue virus infection. Although there is no animal model of DHF, we previously reported that murine dengue virus-specific CTL responses are qualitatively similar to human dengue virus-specific CTL responses. We used BALB/c mice to study the specificity of the CTL response to an immunodominant epitope on the dengue virus NS3 protein. We mapped the minimal H-2Kd-restricted CTL epitope to residues 298 to 306 of the dengue type 2 virus …
Partial Agonist Effect Influences The Ctl Response To A Heterologous Dengue Virus Serotype, Jaroslav Zivny, Matthew Defronzo, William Jarry, Julie Jameson, John Cruz, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Partial Agonist Effect Influences The Ctl Response To A Heterologous Dengue Virus Serotype, Jaroslav Zivny, Matthew Defronzo, William Jarry, Julie Jameson, John Cruz, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Alan Rothman
Activation of dengue serotype-cross-reactive memory CTL during secondary dengue virus (DV) infection is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. To model this effect, we studied the CTL responses to DV types 2 (D2V) and 3 (D3V) in PBMC from an individual previously infected with D3V. DV-specific CD8+ CTL from this donor recognized two HLA-B62-restricted epitopes on the NS3 protein, aa 71-79 (SVKKDLISY) and 235-243 (AMKGLPIRY). Both D3V-specific and D2V/D3V-cross-reactive CTL clones were detected for each epitope; all D2V-reactive CTL clones could lyse D2V-infected autologous cells. CTL responses to both epitopes were detected in bulk cultures …
Bystander Target Cell Lysis And Cytokine Production By Dengue Virus-Specific Human Cd4(+) Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Clones, Susan Gagnon, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Bystander Target Cell Lysis And Cytokine Production By Dengue Virus-Specific Human Cd4(+) Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Clones, Susan Gagnon, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Alan Rothman
Dengue hemorrhagic fever, the severe form of dengue virus infection, is believed to be an immunopathological response to a secondary infection with a heterologous serotype of dengue virus. Dengue virus capsid protein-specific CD4(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones were shown to be capable of mediating bystander lysis of non-antigen-presenting target cells. After activation by anti-CD3 or in the presence of unlabeled antigen-presenting target cells, these clones could lyse both Jurkat cells and HepG2 cells as bystander targets. Lysis of HepG2 cells suggests a potential role for CD4(+) CTL in the liver involvement observed during dengue virus infection. Three CD4(+) CTL clones …
Predominance Of Hla-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses To Serotype-Cross-Reactive Epitopes On Nonstructural Proteins Following Natural Secondary Dengue Virus Infection, Anuja Mathew, Ichiro Kurane, Sharone Green, Henry Stephens, David Vaughn, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Saroj Suntayakorn, Dasnayanee Chandanayingyong, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Predominance Of Hla-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses To Serotype-Cross-Reactive Epitopes On Nonstructural Proteins Following Natural Secondary Dengue Virus Infection, Anuja Mathew, Ichiro Kurane, Sharone Green, Henry Stephens, David Vaughn, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Saroj Suntayakorn, Dasnayanee Chandanayingyong, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Alan Rothman
We examined the memory cytotoxic T-lymphocytic (CTL) responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients in Thailand 12 months after natural symptomatic secondary dengue virus infection. In all four patients analyzed, CTLs were detected in bulk culture PBMC against nonstructural dengue virus proteins. Numerous CD4+ and CD8+ CTL lines were generated from the bulk cultures of two patients, KPP94-037 and KPP94-024, which were specific for NS1.2a (NS1 and NS2a collectively) and NS3 proteins, respectively. All CTL lines derived from both patients were cross-reactive with other serotypes of dengue virus. The CD8+ NS1.2a-specific lines from patient KPP94-037 were HLA …
Dominant Recognition By Human Cd8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Of Dengue Virus Nonstructural Proteins Ns3 And Ns1.2a, Anuja Mathew, Ichiro Kurane, Alan Rothman, Lingling Zeng, Margo Brinton, Francis Ennis
Dominant Recognition By Human Cd8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Of Dengue Virus Nonstructural Proteins Ns3 And Ns1.2a, Anuja Mathew, Ichiro Kurane, Alan Rothman, Lingling Zeng, Margo Brinton, Francis Ennis
Alan Rothman
A severe complication of dengue virus infection, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), is hypothesized to be immunologically mediated and virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) may trigger DHF. It is also likely that dengue virus-specific CTLs are important for recovery from dengue virus infections. There is little available information on the human CD8+ T cell responses to dengue viruses. Memory CD8+CTL responses were analyzed to determine the diversity of the T cell response to dengue virus and to identify immunodominant proteins using PBMC from eight healthy adult volunteers who had received monovalent, live-attenuated candidate vaccines of the four dengue serotypes. All the …
Immunopathologic Mechanisms Of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever And Dengue Shock Syndrome, Ichiro Kurane, Alan Rothman, Peter Livingston, Sharone Green, Susan Gagnon, Jurand Janus, Bruce Innis, Suchitra Nimmannitya, Ananda Nisalak, Francis Ennis
Immunopathologic Mechanisms Of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever And Dengue Shock Syndrome, Ichiro Kurane, Alan Rothman, Peter Livingston, Sharone Green, Susan Gagnon, Jurand Janus, Bruce Innis, Suchitra Nimmannitya, Ananda Nisalak, Francis Ennis
Alan Rothman
Dengue virus infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The immunopathological mechanisms that result in severe complications of dengue virus infection, i.e. dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), are important to determine. Primary dengue virus infections induce serotype-specific and serotype-cross-reactive, CD4+ and CD8+ memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In secondary infections with a virus of a different serotype from that which caused primary infections, the presence of cross-reactive non-neutralizing antibodies results in an increased number of infected monocytes by dengue virus--antibody complexes. This in turn results in marked activation of serotype cross-reactive …
Identification And Analysis For Cross-Reactivity Among Hantaviruses Of H-2b-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes In Sin Nombre Virus Nucleocapsid Protein, Ken Maeda, Kim West, Tomoko Toyosaki-Maeda, Alan Rothman, Francis Ennis, Masanori Terajima
Identification And Analysis For Cross-Reactivity Among Hantaviruses Of H-2b-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes In Sin Nombre Virus Nucleocapsid Protein, Ken Maeda, Kim West, Tomoko Toyosaki-Maeda, Alan Rothman, Francis Ennis, Masanori Terajima
Alan Rothman
Sin Nombre virus (SNV) causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), with a high rate of mortality in humans who are infected by the transmission of virus from the natural rodent host. In humans, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for SNV appear to play an important role in the pathogenicity of HPS. There is a correlation between the frequencies of SNV-specific CTLs and the severity of HPS disease. In order to create a mouse model to study the role of SNV-specific T cells in vivo, T cell responses to SNV nucleocapsid (N) protein in B6.PL Thy1(a)/Cy mice (H-2(b)) immunized with plasmid DNA …
Identification Of Murine Poxvirus-Specific Cd8+ Ctl Epitopes With Distinct Functional Profiles, Anuja Mathew, Masanori Terajima, Kim West, Sharone Green, Alan Rothman, Francis Ennis, Jeffrey Kennedy
Identification Of Murine Poxvirus-Specific Cd8+ Ctl Epitopes With Distinct Functional Profiles, Anuja Mathew, Masanori Terajima, Kim West, Sharone Green, Alan Rothman, Francis Ennis, Jeffrey Kennedy
Alan Rothman
Murine T cell epitopes against vaccinia virus (VV) have not been characterized to date in part due to the large and complex genome of VV. We have identified and characterized two CD8+ T cell epitopes on the A47L (modified VV Ankara strain (MVA)-029) and J6R (MVA-043) proteins of VV that are Db and Kb restricted, respectively. Following i.p. immunization with VV New York City Board of Health (NYCBH) strain, MVA-029 peptide-stimulated splenocytes secreted IFN-gamma from 7 days to 7 mo postimmunization, and virus-stimulated effectors were also able to lyse MVA-029-pulsed target cells at the same time points. In contrast, MVA-043 …
Assessment Of Human Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Lymphocyte Responses In Experimental Viral Vaccine Studies, Alan Rothman, Y. Yamada, Julie Jameson, John Cruz, Kim West, Sharone Green, Francis Ennis
Assessment Of Human Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Lymphocyte Responses In Experimental Viral Vaccine Studies, Alan Rothman, Y. Yamada, Julie Jameson, John Cruz, Kim West, Sharone Green, Francis Ennis
Sharone Green
The traditional in vitro correlate of immunological protection is the induction by a vaccine of neutralizing antibodies against the virus. It was formerly assumed that protection induced by a vaccine was solely due to neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies are potent in the prevention of certain diseases, but virus-specific CD4+ T helper cells aid in the proliferation of specific antigen-triggered B cells to make antibodies. CD8+ T cells are responsible for eliminating virus-infected cells during viral illness, and may act as a second line of defence by becoming activated and eliminating any cells that become infected despite the presence of neutralizing …
Predominance Of Hla-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses To Serotype-Cross-Reactive Epitopes On Nonstructural Proteins Following Natural Secondary Dengue Virus Infection, Anuja Mathew, Ichiro Kurane, Sharone Green, Henry Stephens, David Vaughn, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Saroj Suntayakorn, Dasnayanee Chandanayingyong, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Predominance Of Hla-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses To Serotype-Cross-Reactive Epitopes On Nonstructural Proteins Following Natural Secondary Dengue Virus Infection, Anuja Mathew, Ichiro Kurane, Sharone Green, Henry Stephens, David Vaughn, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Saroj Suntayakorn, Dasnayanee Chandanayingyong, Francis Ennis, Alan Rothman
Sharone Green
We examined the memory cytotoxic T-lymphocytic (CTL) responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients in Thailand 12 months after natural symptomatic secondary dengue virus infection. In all four patients analyzed, CTLs were detected in bulk culture PBMC against nonstructural dengue virus proteins. Numerous CD4+ and CD8+ CTL lines were generated from the bulk cultures of two patients, KPP94-037 and KPP94-024, which were specific for NS1.2a (NS1 and NS2a collectively) and NS3 proteins, respectively. All CTL lines derived from both patients were cross-reactive with other serotypes of dengue virus. The CD8+ NS1.2a-specific lines from patient KPP94-037 were HLA …
Immunopathologic Mechanisms Of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever And Dengue Shock Syndrome, Ichiro Kurane, Alan Rothman, Peter Livingston, Sharone Green, Susan Gagnon, Jurand Janus, Bruce Innis, Suchitra Nimmannitya, Ananda Nisalak, Francis Ennis
Immunopathologic Mechanisms Of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever And Dengue Shock Syndrome, Ichiro Kurane, Alan Rothman, Peter Livingston, Sharone Green, Susan Gagnon, Jurand Janus, Bruce Innis, Suchitra Nimmannitya, Ananda Nisalak, Francis Ennis
Sharone Green
Dengue virus infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The immunopathological mechanisms that result in severe complications of dengue virus infection, i.e. dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), are important to determine. Primary dengue virus infections induce serotype-specific and serotype-cross-reactive, CD4+ and CD8+ memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In secondary infections with a virus of a different serotype from that which caused primary infections, the presence of cross-reactive non-neutralizing antibodies results in an increased number of infected monocytes by dengue virus--antibody complexes. This in turn results in marked activation of serotype cross-reactive …
Identification Of Murine Poxvirus-Specific Cd8+ Ctl Epitopes With Distinct Functional Profiles, Anuja Mathew, Masanori Terajima, Kim West, Sharone Green, Alan Rothman, Francis Ennis, Jeffrey Kennedy
Identification Of Murine Poxvirus-Specific Cd8+ Ctl Epitopes With Distinct Functional Profiles, Anuja Mathew, Masanori Terajima, Kim West, Sharone Green, Alan Rothman, Francis Ennis, Jeffrey Kennedy
Sharone Green
Murine T cell epitopes against vaccinia virus (VV) have not been characterized to date in part due to the large and complex genome of VV. We have identified and characterized two CD8+ T cell epitopes on the A47L (modified VV Ankara strain (MVA)-029) and J6R (MVA-043) proteins of VV that are Db and Kb restricted, respectively. Following i.p. immunization with VV New York City Board of Health (NYCBH) strain, MVA-029 peptide-stimulated splenocytes secreted IFN-gamma from 7 days to 7 mo postimmunization, and virus-stimulated effectors were also able to lyse MVA-029-pulsed target cells at the same time points. In contrast, MVA-043 …