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Framingham Score For Cardiovascular Diseases Among Civil Servantes,Sao Paulo, 1998.[Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Lecture presented the first meeting for a cohort study addressing cardiovascular diseases in Brazil. Hospital Universitario/ Universidade de Sao Paulo, August, 2004.

Sex Differences In Copd And Lung Cancer Mortality Trends—United States, 1968–1999, Neely Kazerouni, C. J. Alverson, Stephen C. Redd, Joshua A. Mott, David M. Mannino

David M. Mannino

Purpose: Cigarette smoking by U.S. women in the 1940s and 1950s caused large increases in smoking-related lung disease among women. To determine the magnitude of these increases, we compared the mortality trends for males and females in the United States for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer for 1968-1999.

Methods: We used the national mortality data files compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics of the CDC and U.S. census data to calculate age-adjusted (2000) death rates for COPD, lung cancer, and all causes.

Results: COPD death rate for females increased by 382% from 1968 through 1999, …

Effects Of Diesel Exhaust Emissions And Symptoms Of Asthma, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of Clusters Of Giardiasis Using Gis And A Spatial Scan Statistic., Agricola Odoi, S W. Martin, P Michel, D Middleton, J Holt, J Wilson

Agricola Odoi

BACKGROUND: Giardia lamblia is the most frequently identified human intestinal parasite in Canada with prevalence estimates of 4-10%. However, infection rates vary by geographical area and localized 'pockets' of high or low infection rates are thought to exist. Water-borne transmission is one of the major routes of infection. Sources of contamination of drinking water include humans, domestic and wild animals. A previous study in southern Ontario, Canada, indicated a bivariate association between giardiasis rates and livestock density and/or manure use on agricultural land; however these variables were not significant when the variable 'rural' was added to the model. In that …

Risk Factors For Asthma Incidence: A Review Of Recent Prospective Evidence, M. S. King, David M. Mannino, F. Holguin

David M. Mannino

AIM:

The aim of this study is to determine what factors have been shown, in prospective studies, to predict the incidence of asthma.

METHODS:

We performed a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from 1994 to 2004 to determine what factors predict the development of asthma in both children and adults. This search strategy yielded 40 studies, with 36 providing some estimate of asthma incidence for the total sample and or a specific subgroup.

RESULTS:

Annual estimated incidence of physician-diagnosed asthma ranged from 0.6 to 29.5 per 1000 persons. Risk factors for incident asthma among children included: male sex, atopic sensitization, …

Stroke Mortality In Sao Paulo (1997-2003). A Description Using The Tenth Revision Of The International Classification Of Diseases, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Stroke mortality rates are higher in Brazil when compared to other countries. The city of Sao Paulo has a good system of mortality surveillance that allow us to describe the epidemiology of the stroke in the city. Our aim was to describe the stroke mortality pattern by gender and age characterizing the ischemic/hemorrhagic ratio. We categorized mortality data by gender and a 10-year age-strata from 30-39 years-old to 70-79 years-old. To avoid random variations, we calculated the mean of all deaths occurred during the period of 1997 to 2003. Mortality rates were calculated using the population from the Brazilian National …

A Comunicação Médica: Alguns Comentários E Observações, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Brazil Is Getting Older: Some Lessons From The Bambuí Health And Aging Study, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Copd In The Never-Smoker, David M. Mannino, Kathryn Marie Mcgonigle

David M. Mannino

Objectives 1. Identify never-smokers as an important subset of the COPD population. 2. Discuss the relationship between asthma and COPD. 3. Understand the genetic components of COPD. 4. Identify occupational risk factors for COPD. 5. Discuss prevention methods for COPD in the never-smoker.

Ensuring The Comparability Of Comparison Groups: Is Randomization Enough?, Vance Berger, Sherri Rose

Sherri Rose

It is widely believed that baseline imbalances in randomized trials must necessarily be random. In fact, there is a type of selection bias that can cause substantial, systematic and reproducible baseline imbalances of prognostic covariates even in properly randomized trials. It is possible, given complete data, to quantify both the susceptibility of a given trial to this type of selection bias and the extent to which selection bias appears to have caused either observable or unobservable baseline imbalances. Yet, in articles reporting on randomized trials, it is uncommon to find either these assessments or the information that would enable a …