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Articles 1 - 30 of 76
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Trends. Drug Addictions: National Policy On Illicit Drugs, Ibpp Editor
Trends. Drug Addictions: National Policy On Illicit Drugs, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
The article discusses the proposed integrating of drug testing and treatment into the various phases of the criminal justice process.
Using Professionally Trained Actors In Social Work Role-Play Simulations, Helen E. Petracchi
Using Professionally Trained Actors In Social Work Role-Play Simulations, Helen E. Petracchi
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
The literature available to social work educators contains limited discussion of the use of role play simulation in the classroom. This paper presents the experiences of first-year MSW students in a foundation generalist practice class who were evaluated using role play for their final examination. In a unique arrangement, clients in these simulations were role-played by firstyear acting students from the university's theater arts department. The reaction of the social work students to role play with professionally trained actors is described and discussed from voluntarily submitted descriptions of the experience.
The Urban Ecology Of Hospital Failure: Hospital Closures In The City Of Chicago, 1970-1991, Gunnar Almgren, Miguel Ferguson
The Urban Ecology Of Hospital Failure: Hospital Closures In The City Of Chicago, 1970-1991, Gunnar Almgren, Miguel Ferguson
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Abstract: Hospital closures occurred nationally with increasing frequency between 1970 and 1990. In particular, large urban areas experienced a dramatic number of closures. Of the 61 general hospitals operating in Chicago in 1970, 22 (36%) had closed by 1991. While a growing body of literature has examined the etiology and determinants of hospital closure over the last two decades, few empirical studies have focused on the neighborhood correlates of closure, and none have examined specific health outcomes associated with hospital failure. This study uses census and Chicago hospital closure data to compare and contrast different conceptual explanations of closure in …
Social Identity And Substance Abuse In The Lesbian Community, Molly Kerby
Social Identity And Substance Abuse In The Lesbian Community, Molly Kerby
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs) among members of the lesbian community. Additionally, the investigator attempted to determine if there was a relationship between negative social identity and low selfesteem that is reflected in higher rates of substance abuse. The data collection method employed in this study was a type of nonprobability sampling procedure referred to as a purposive sample. The questionnaire was derived from instruments used by other researchers and validated by an expert panel. In order to select respondents from the lesbian population to be included …
Comparing Outcome O F Residential And Intensive Outpatient Treatment Services For Substance Dependence, Shawn E. Channell
Comparing Outcome O F Residential And Intensive Outpatient Treatment Services For Substance Dependence, Shawn E. Channell
Dissertations
The past 20 years have witnessed a significant increase in the number of published studies comparing inpatient with outpatient substance dependence treatment The majority of these studies have reported no benefit for those recipients receiving more intensive treatment However, the outpatient treatment investigated in these studies has typically been day treatment often involving 27 hours a week of participation, and not intensive outpatient treatment (IOP), which involves 12 or fewer hours of participation per week. Additionally, few published studies have compared alcohol and cocaine dependent populations. This study was designed to compare effectiveness of the residential and intensive outpatient levels …
Trends. Deep In The Heart Of Texas: Threat Of Violence And The Duty To Warn, Ibpp Editor
Trends. Deep In The Heart Of Texas: Threat Of Violence And The Duty To Warn, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
The article discusses violence in the mentally ill and the obligation to report potential threats.
Neurobehavioral And Neuromotor Long-Term Sequelae Of Prenatal Exposure To Cocaine And Other Drugs: An Unresolved Issue, Yvette Blanchard
Neurobehavioral And Neuromotor Long-Term Sequelae Of Prenatal Exposure To Cocaine And Other Drugs: An Unresolved Issue, Yvette Blanchard
All PTHMS Faculty Publications
When the cocaine epidemic began, predictions were made that the children of cocaine users would demonstrate devastating negative developmental sequelae. In infants and young children prenatally exposed to cocaine most frequently the neurobehavioral and neuromotor systems have been studied. Although clinically described as irritable, difficult to console, and jittery as infants, research findings have not been able to clearly describe a pattern of long-term developmental sequelae. The mechanisms of action of drug exposure on developmental outcome have shown to be more complex than originally suspected. Many factors, other than the drug use, can influence developmental outcome. In most studies of …
Internet Addiction As Diagnostic Addiction, Ibpp Editor
Internet Addiction As Diagnostic Addiction, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This article continues the series on research reported at the 1999 American Psychological Association (APA) Annual Convention, Boston, MA, August 20-24, 1999. The topic this week concerns the nexus of politics and the diagnosis of mental disorder. The construct of Internet addiction is used as an example.
Review Of Social Work With Children And Their Families: Pragmatic Foundations. Christopher G. Petr. Reviewed By Dorinda N. Noble, Louisiana State University., Dorinda N. Noble
Review Of Social Work With Children And Their Families: Pragmatic Foundations. Christopher G. Petr. Reviewed By Dorinda N. Noble, Louisiana State University., Dorinda N. Noble
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Book review of Petr, Christopher G. (1998). Social Work with Children and their Families: Pragmatic Foundations. New York: Oxford University Press.
Review Of Paradigms Of Clinical Social Work, Volume 2. Rachel Dorfman (Ed). Reviewed By Cynthia Franklin, University Of Texas, Austin., Cynthia Franklin
Review Of Paradigms Of Clinical Social Work, Volume 2. Rachel Dorfman (Ed). Reviewed By Cynthia Franklin, University Of Texas, Austin., Cynthia Franklin
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Book review of Dorfman, R.A. (Ed.) Paradigms of Clinical Social Work, volume 2. Philadelphia PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998. $49.95 hardcover.
Review Of Clinical And Practice Issues In Adoption: Bridging The Gap Between Adoptees Placed As Infants And As Older Children. Victor Groza And Karen F Rosenberg (Eds.). Reviewed By Richard P. Barth, University Of North Carolina, Chapel Hill., Richard P. Barth
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Book review of Victor Groza and Karen E Rosenberg (Eds.), Clinical and Practice Issues in Adoption: Bridging the Gap Between Adoptees Placed as Infants and as Older Children. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1998. $55.00 (hardcover).
Trends. Mental Disorder On Extreme Racism As Mental Disorder, Ibpp Editor
Trends. Mental Disorder On Extreme Racism As Mental Disorder, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
The article discusses recent shootings in Los Angeles by an admitted racist who professes to have chosen victims based on their minority-race status.
The Other Illicit Drug Trafficking, Ibpp Editor
The Other Illicit Drug Trafficking, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This article discusses the deleterious consequences for segments of a nation's population when dealing with the psychological effects of psychoactive substances.
Anger And Alcohol Use: A Model Of Coping Styles, Alcohol Expectancies And The Experience And Expression Of Anger, Shauna Willard
Anger And Alcohol Use: A Model Of Coping Styles, Alcohol Expectancies And The Experience And Expression Of Anger, Shauna Willard
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The researcher investigated the relationship between anger experience and expression, coping styles, and expectancies regarding the effects of alcohol in a young male population. Anger experience and expression was measured using the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, coping styles were assessed using the Coping Response Inventory, alcohol expectancies were determined using the Alcohol Effects Questionnaire-2, and alcohol use was measured using the Alcohol Use Inventory. The results indicated that young males who abuse alcohol utilize less effective coping styles, such as cognitive avoidance. Alcohol abusing males also believe alcohol will increase their power and aggression. A linear regression demonstrated that males …
Coping Strategy And Social Support Differences Among Copd Patients: Effects On Psychological Well Being, Functional Status, And Health Care Utilization, Terri Belville-Robertson
Coping Strategy And Social Support Differences Among Copd Patients: Effects On Psychological Well Being, Functional Status, And Health Care Utilization, Terri Belville-Robertson
Dissertations
This descriptive study examined coping strategies and social support among thirty-three patients with moderate to severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to assess relationships to psychological and functional status, and health care utilization. More specifically, the qualitative and quantitative differences in coping strategies and social support were examined in relation to anxiety, depression, activity level, and use of emergency and inpatient medical services. Subjects participated in a one-session screening that included a brief clinical interview, battery of questionnaires and exercise tolerance test. Health care utilization data were obtained from subjects’ medical records. Subjects' primary support persons also provided collateral data …
Evaluating The Social Acceptability Of Persons With Habit Disorders: The Effects Of Topography, Frequency, And Gender Manipulation, Douglas W. Woods
Evaluating The Social Acceptability Of Persons With Habit Disorders: The Effects Of Topography, Frequency, And Gender Manipulation, Douglas W. Woods
Dissertations
Literature suggests that children who exhibit habit disorders are less socially acceptable than children who do not exhibit such disorders. This series of studies investigated the social acceptability of adults who exhibit habit disorders. In Studies 1 and 2, undergraduate students rated the social acceptability of individuals who exhibited motor tics, vocal tics, hairpulling, and no habit. Results showed that the individuals with no habit were more socially acceptable than the individuals who exhibited either motor tics, vocal tics, or hairpulling.
In Study 3, videotapes were created in which actors simulated motor tics, vocal tics, Tourette’s Syndrome, and Trichotillomania. The …
Street-Based Female Adolescent Puerto Rican Sex Workers: Contextual Issues And Health Needs, Margarita Burgos, Donna L. Richter, Belinda Reininger, Ann L. Coker, Ruth Saunders, Margarita Alegria, Mildred Vera
Street-Based Female Adolescent Puerto Rican Sex Workers: Contextual Issues And Health Needs, Margarita Burgos, Donna L. Richter, Belinda Reininger, Ann L. Coker, Ruth Saunders, Margarita Alegria, Mildred Vera
CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles
Adolescent sex workers potentially have many health needs but are included rarely in health assessments; therefore, little is known about their needs or how to reach them. This study examines the motivations, social context, and health needs of street-based adolescent sex workers. The results show these youths are more likely to experience negative health outcomes, such as unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, when they are using drugs or are depressed. These findings suggest the need for comprehensive programming to include individual, interpersonal, and greater environmental interventions. Examples for reaching adolescent sex workers are discussed.
The Bulletin: Dayspring Aids Support Services, Vol.4, No.2 (Summer 1999), Sharon Pree, Dayspring Aids Support Services
The Bulletin: Dayspring Aids Support Services, Vol.4, No.2 (Summer 1999), Sharon Pree, Dayspring Aids Support Services
Bulletin / Dayspring AIDS Support Services (1999, 2000)
No abstract provided.
African American Community Mental Health Center Service Utilization: A Test Of The Cultural Compatibility Hypothesis, Alicia Michelle Marsh
African American Community Mental Health Center Service Utilization: A Test Of The Cultural Compatibility Hypothesis, Alicia Michelle Marsh
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
This exploratory study examined whether community mental health centers (CMHCs) in Virginia that had services evaluated as being more compatible with the cultural needs of African Americans attracted a higher percentage of adult African American service users from their catchment areas than CMHCs which were evaluated as being less culturally compatible. The cultural compatibility of 36 CMHCs was assessed via a telephone interview with their clinical directors using a modified version of the Cultural Competence Self-Assessment Questionnaire: Administrative Version (Mason, J., 1995). This study did not find a correlation between CMHCs' cultural compatibility and their success at attracting African American …
The Effects Of Group Counseling On The Self-Esteem, Anxiety, And Behavior Of Children With Deployed Parents, Nancy Taylor Mitchum
The Effects Of Group Counseling On The Self-Esteem, Anxiety, And Behavior Of Children With Deployed Parents, Nancy Taylor Mitchum
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a six-session group counseling intervention for children who had a parent experiencing military-induced deployment. Participants were 65 children (30 boys, 35 girls) of enlisted military personnel attending elementary schools near the Norfolk Naval Base. Elementary school counselors facilitated the counseling groups.
An experimental/control group pretest-posttest design was employed. Independent variables were the child's participation in the Children of Deployed Parents-Group/control group, child gender and age. Dependent variables were self-esteem, anxiety, and behavior as measured by the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), the Child …
An Exploratory Study Of The Correlates Of Drug Use Among Juveniles: Analysis Of Regional Variations In The United States, Denise D. Nation
An Exploratory Study Of The Correlates Of Drug Use Among Juveniles: Analysis Of Regional Variations In The United States, Denise D. Nation
Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations
Research on substance use and abuse has increased exponentially over the past twenty-five years. However, research focusing on regional differences in drug use seems to be very limited. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlates of drug use among juveniles in the four major geographic regions of the United States: the Northeast, the North Central, the South and the West. Here, drug use is defined in terms of alcohol and marijuana use for the age group 12-19. Four research hypotheses are proposed. The 1996 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse data was used to assess and analyze …
The Effects Of Sibling-Implemented Training On Social Behaviors Of Autistic Children, Cristin L. Sullivan
The Effects Of Sibling-Implemented Training On Social Behaviors Of Autistic Children, Cristin L. Sullivan
Dissertations
The present study investigated the effectiveness of sibling-implemented pivotal response training (PRT) on the social behaviors of five children with autism. Using a multiple-baseline design across sibling pairs, participants were trained to use PRT while playing with their brother’s with autism. Measures of play skills and social behavior were assessed during baseline, training, sibling-independent play, and two-month follow-up sessions. Also, parents were asked to rate randomly selected video-tape segments from baseline and sibling-independent play sessions. The results indicated that siblings were able to learn effectively and implement PRT strategies following training. All of the children with autism demonstrated an increase …
Parental Awareness And Lead Poisoning: A Suburban Analysis, Deborah M. Reed
Parental Awareness And Lead Poisoning: A Suburban Analysis, Deborah M. Reed
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Lead poisoning is one of the most common pediatric health problems in the United States. A direct result of industrialization, the toxic substance lead has contaminated our environment. Parents of young children should be aware of the hazards of lead, the environmental sources, the need for annual screening. the implications of screening results. and steps to reduce the chances of exposure. Questionnaires were distributed at a pediatrician's office. Parents with children under six years of age were asked to complete the survey. Sixty-two questionnaires were completed and returned. It was determined that parents have a good understanding of the pathways …
Mental Health As Global Health: A Joint World Health Organization-European Commission Initiative, Ibpp Editor
Mental Health As Global Health: A Joint World Health Organization-European Commission Initiative, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This article describes a current international mental health conference and a rationale for this conference.
Determining Cutoff Scores For The Mmpi-2 Substance Abuse Scales For An Inmate Population, Barbara A. Johnston
Determining Cutoff Scores For The Mmpi-2 Substance Abuse Scales For An Inmate Population, Barbara A. Johnston
Dissertations
The current research project examined the psychometric properties of the substance abuse scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Second Edition (MMPI-2) with an inmate population. The scales of interest included the MacAndrews Alcoholism Scale Revised (MAC-R), the Addiction Potential Scale (APS) and the Addiction Acknowledgement Scale (AAS).
A total of 80 subjects were administered the MMPI-2 which resulted in 73 valid profiles. Of the valid profiles, 54 were chemically dependent and 19 were nonchemically dependent inmates. There were no differences between groups in regard to sociodemographic variables.
The data analyses indicated that the AAS and APS are efficient and …
The Effect Of Illicit Drugs On The Cardiovascular And Hormonal Responses In Pregnant Rabbits, Andrea Alana Chambliss
The Effect Of Illicit Drugs On The Cardiovascular And Hormonal Responses In Pregnant Rabbits, Andrea Alana Chambliss
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of acute administration of heroin and ecgonine methyl ester (EME) on renin and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion in time dated New Zealand White rabbits. Thirteen rabbits were studied. Arterial blood pressure and pCOz, increased significantly from a control value of 80 ± 8 mmHg and 30 ± 2 mmHg respectively to 93 ± 18 mmHg and 31 ± 1 mmHg. pO2 decreased from 99 ± 8 mmHg to 90 ± 11 mmHg 10 minutes after heroin administration. EME caused arterial blood pressure to significantly increase from a control …
Book Review: “Mental Illness In The Family: Issues And Trends”, Jill Littrell
Book Review: “Mental Illness In The Family: Issues And Trends”, Jill Littrell
SW Publications
No abstract provided.
Secret Pain : Understanding And Treating Self-Injurious Behaviors In Women, Eva Schoen
Secret Pain : Understanding And Treating Self-Injurious Behaviors In Women, Eva Schoen
Graduate Research Papers
This paper is an attempt to raise awareness of the presence of self-injury in Western societies. Causes, symptoms, related diagnoses, and treatment of self-injurious behaviors will be discussed. Most importantly, however, this paper is meant to challenge and, ultimately, decrease the stigma surrounding SD and increase empathy and compassion for the self-injuring person.
Due to constraints of this research paper, the author focuses on female self-injurers and excludes information on self-injury in mentally retarded individuals and prisoners.
Concepções De Doença Por Familiares De Pacientes Com Diagnóstico De Esquizofrenia: Illness Conceptions Among Relatives Of Patients Diagnosed With Schizophrenia, Cecilia C. Villares, Cristina Redko, E Jair J. Mari
Concepções De Doença Por Familiares De Pacientes Com Diagnóstico De Esquizofrenia: Illness Conceptions Among Relatives Of Patients Diagnosed With Schizophrenia, Cecilia C. Villares, Cristina Redko, E Jair J. Mari
Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications
Family conceptions of the nature of their relative's illness are part of the coping process and reveal the cultural construction of the illness experience. As part of a larger qualitative study conducted at the Schizophrenia Program of the Department of Psychiatry, Escola Paulista de Medicina - Unifesp, 14 relatives of 8 out-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were interviewed and invited to talk freely about their ideas and feelings concerning their relative's problem. Qualitative analysis was conducted to elicit categories of illness representations. Three main categories are presented for discussion, Problema de Nervoso, Problema na Cabeça and Problema Espiritual (Nerves, Head and …
Utilization Of Mental Health Services, Kevin M. Chun, P D. Akutsu
Utilization Of Mental Health Services, Kevin M. Chun, P D. Akutsu
Psychology
No abstract provided.