Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Utilizing Culturally Congruent Educational Interventions To Improve Native American Diabetic Outcomes, Laurie Ann Hamilton

Doctoral Projects

Native Americans suffer from diabetes type II at a proportionately higher rate than other populations. Management of diabetes in this population is problematic and compounded by multiple influences such as socioeconomic, cultural and linguistic variables. The purpose of this DNP project was to investigate cultural influences on Native American diabetic outcomes.

Do cultural influences act as barriers to diabetic medication, diet and education understanding? Would a Native American nurse applied education on medication, diet and exercise improve diabetic outcomes in a 3 month period?

A convenience sample of 6 Native American participants obtained at a primary care clinic were given …

Analysis Of The Efforts Of Urban And Rural Health Systems To Achieve Accountable Care Organization Target Goals For Dilated Eye Exams In Individuals With Diabetes, Michele Gilliam

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This capstone project was designed to understand and analyze the completion rates for diabetic dilated eye exams within four different health systems participating in the MaineHealth Accountable Care Organizations (ACO). This research is valuable within the current US health care climate as health care providers have sought to evaluate the cost of care in terms of their value to payers. Moreover, many providers have elected to join the ACO in order to demonstrate better outcomes, improve the cost of care and to share programmatic content and tools to standardized care. Within this capstone, system level workflows and processes were evaluated …

The Long Non-Coding Rna Malat1 Regulates Inflammatory Cytokine Production In Chronic Diabetic Complications, Andrew D. Gordon

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

We examined the role of MALAT1, a highly conserved nuclear lncRNA, in chronic diabetic complications affecting the heart and kidneys, specifically with respect to inflammatory cytokine production. Endothelial cells, exposed to various glucose levels, and MALAT1 knockout mice and controls, with or without streptozotocin-induced diabetes were examined. Endothelial cells cultured with high glucose, and renal and cardiac tissue from diabetic mice showed increased inflammatory cytokine (eg. IL-6, IL1β, TNFα) production along with transient MALAT1 upregulation. This was confirmed by both transcript and protein analyses, and such changes were prevented in the MALAT1 knockout diabetic animals. In the malat1 knockout animals, …

The Relationships Between Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy And Readiness For Change To Health Promotion Behaviors In Urban Black Women, Millie Hepburn

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Problem: Black women have been shown to experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality as a result of stroke, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and overweight or obesity than women of other races/ethnicities. The ability to avert certain health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, stroke and overweight or obesity is known to be directly related to active engagement in health promotion behaviors, yet Black women are consistently less likely to engage in these behaviors than are white women. Improved understanding of the various factors that impact individual health promotion behaviors to reduce risk, such as health literacy, self-efficacy and …

Diabetic Kidney Disease, Karen R. Hughes Dr

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

A poster project on Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) formerly known as diabetic nephropathy which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and death in patient with diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) Onset And "Remission"., Srikanth Tangelloju

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disease condition. As the disease progresses the function of beta (β) cells (cells which regulate insulin) decline, thereby increasing the circulating blood glucose levels. If left unmanaged the disease progresses from onset to development of T2DM related complications and eventually death. When managed, in certain individuals, T2DM onset can be prevented and/or slowed down and in certain T2DM individuals, remission is observed. There are some known modifiable risk factors such as diet and physical activities that are associated with the speed and direction of progression, but much is still unknown. In …

The Role Of O-Glcnacase During Heart Failure., Sujith Dassanayaka

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Global augmentation of protein O-GlcNAcylation occurs in response to a myriad of stressors and confers a survival advantage at the cellular level. This protective phenomenon has been demonstrated to mediate cardioprotection through various in vitro and in vivo studies during ischemia-reperfusion, myocardial infarction, and oxidative stress; however, relatively little is known of the regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation. Protein O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by two antagonistic enzymes, namely, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Ablation of cardiomyocyte OGT, the enzyme that catalyzes the addition of O-GlcNAc to proteins, exacerbates cardiac dysfunction during infarct-induced heart failure (HF). However, little is known of the …

Health Literacy As A Moderator In The Relationship Between Diabetes Knowledge And Diabetes Outcomes, Jameshyia Ballard Thompson

Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to determine if health literacy was a moderator in the relationship between diabetes knowledge and diabetes outcomes, and explore the relationship between diabetes knowledge and health literacy. The target population included adults living in Mississippi with a diagnosis of diabetes at any point in life. A pilot study was performed to determine if the Functional Communicative Critical Health Literacy scales (FCCHL) and the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy in Diabetes scale (SKILLD) were appropriate for use in a population of adults in Mississippi with a diagnosis of diabetes. Participants for the pilot study were …

Diabetic Retinopathy, Tara L. Smith

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster is intended to cultivate a better understanding of diabetic retinopathy, the pathological process of the disease, signs and symptoms, and nursing implications related to the disease.

Zn(Ii), Cu(Ii), Sn(Ii), And Ni(Ii) And Other Metal Cations Do Not Prevent The Aggregation Of Hiapp, Charles Hoying

Honors Thesis

The Zn(II) metal ion has been shown to interact with Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP), a protein implicated in the progression of Type II Diabetes Mellitus, in such a way as to prevent the protein from aggregating into toxic fibers. We set out to find whether other metal ions might similarly prevent IAPP aggregation. Using Thioflavin T (ThT) spectroscopic assays, which measure fluorescence of ThT upon binding to aggregated IAPP, we observed a decrease in aggregation when incubated with Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Sn(II). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), which can visualize fibril formation, revealed that the metals were not inhibiting IAPP …

Developing Registered Nurse Competency In Diabetes Care, Elizabeth Ortiz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Background and purpose: As the cost of health care continues to climb in the United States, hospitals are seeing longer lengths of stay and associated costs resulting from the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Registered nurses (RNs) play a critical role in caring for patients with DM. Rapid changes in the care of DM require continuing education on the current trends and the use of evidence-based practices to prevent hypoglycemia as a serious complication of lowering blood glucose levels. This doctoral project assessed the knowledge levels of RNs caring for patients with DM in the hospital setting.

Methods: Eighty-five RNs …

The Effect Of Reduced Carbohydrate Diet Education On Hemoglobin A1c In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Lauren Parker

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characteristically the result of modifiable risk factors, impacting the health and well being of all ethnic backgrounds across the lifespan. Research has indicated that despite the many risk factors associated with T2D, alterations in dietary macronutrient composition can lead to improvements in disease management and resultant complications. Therefore, the purpose of this evidence-based practice (EBP) project was to provide individuals with reduced carbohydrate (carb) diet education to promote greater glycemic control and reduce associated risk factors through macronutrient modification, specifically carb intake. An integration of the most current evidence obtained from the critically appraised literature …

Exploring The Needs And Preferences For A Diabetes Self-Management Program In Hispanics Living In The Central Valley Of California, Emily Lane Kimble

Doctoral Projects

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is an ever increasing threat to the health of people living in the United States, especially those of Hispanic ethnicity. This ethnic group is disproportionately afflicted with the chronic condition and is also more likely than non-Hispanic whites to suffer from serious complications of diabetes. This project examines this growing problem among Hispanics living in the Central Valley of California by exploring how best to structure diabetes self-management education in a network of community health centers.

The Social Cognitive Theory provides a theoretical basis for investigation into motivation for diabetes self-management. This needs assessment specifically explored …

Diabetes Education For The Hispanic Population, Nohemi I. Haben, Misty M. Schmitz

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects, if any, of utilizing Spanish language on the efficacy of an education program for type 2 diabetes among the Hispanic population in the twin-cities Minneapolis/St. Paul metro area. In the United States adult Hispanics over the age of twenty have a 5.2% higher incidence of type 2 diabetes than Non-Hispanic Whites, a number that keeps rising despite preventability. In this study, a diabetes education program was delivered in Spanish based on material developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Diabetes Education Program. The program focused …

Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease Among Older Hispanic/Latinos With Diabetes, Kathy Bianco

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the 6th leading cause of death in older Americans. Currently there is no cure for AD, and even though the specific cause is unknown, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is regarded as a risk factor. Hispanics have a higher incidence of DM2 and possibly AD. I chose a life course theoretical model for this quantitative cross-sectional study to illuminate the variables most pertinent to a pathway from good health to poor health. The variables chosen were hypertension (HTN), obesity, smoking, stroke, dyslipidemia, and lower educational attainment. The research questions were used to examine biologic, metabolic, sociologic, …

The Use Of The Illness Perception Questionnaire: Enhancing Clinical Staff Understanding, Typhanie Beasley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women with Type II diabetes face unique challenges coping with the physiologic complications of the disease, which can be enhanced or hindered by their perception of their ability to effectively manage their diabetes. The Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) is a tool that evaluates factors influencing patient-provider communication and assesses patient's perception of their health. Guided by the common sense model of self-regulation, this quality improvement project focused on familiarizing health care providers with the IPQ-R and evaluating their receptiveness to implement it with women with Type II diabetes. Seven Primary Care providers participated in an educational in-service that included information …

Diabetes Management Regimens And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In African American Men, Joseph Garilus

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

One of the most common health complications related to diabetes is the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies addressing the association between adherence to diabetes management regimens and the risk of CVD among minority populations are limited. This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the association between diabetes management regimens and risk of CVD among African American men. The health belief model was used to frame the study. Data were collected from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database for the states of Missouri and Ohio. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between adherence to diabetes …

Experiences Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Among Parents Of African-American Youth, Sonya T. Strider

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most frequently diagnosed endocrine and metabolic conditions that occur during childhood. This research study utilized a phenomenological study design to examine how the lived experiences of 20 African American (AA) parents of children with T1DM recruited using social media affects their management and control of the disease among AA youth age 5-17 years old. The interview questions were outlined in categories that tested key constructs of the health belief model (HBM) to determine the perceived barriers, seriousness, and susceptibility to maintaining good glycemic control for their children. Data from each interview …

Perceptions Of Behavioral And Lifestyle Changes Among African American Women With Type 2 Diabetes, Myriam Almonor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to rise and is predicted to increase to 30 million people by 2030 in the United Sates alone. African Americans (AA) have one of the highest prevalence rates of T2D among all ethnic groups. African American Women (AAW) are 100% more likely to develop T2D compared with their white counterparts. The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the relationship of the perceptions of AAW not previously identified that could lead to a reduction in risk of T2D among AAW. A cross-sectional study of 183 AAW 20 to 65 years old …

Compliance With The 2015 American Diabetes Association Screening Guidelines For Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 In Primary Care, Krista L. Johnson

DNP Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate provider use of hemoglobin (HgA1c) measurement as a method of screening for Type Two Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) per the 2015 American Diabetes Association screening guidelines in a multidisciplinary primary care clinic in Kentucky.

Methods: A retrospective electronic medical record review was conducted in a large ambulatory care clinic. A master list was compiled of all patients aged 45-89 years who were seen for any reason the first week of November 2015. A total of 127 records that met inclusion criteria were randomly selected. The proportion of patients who were appropriately screened …

Diabetes Interaction Study: Communicating Understanding And Social Support, Dana K. May

Wayne State University Dissertations

The current study evaluated a brief individualized feedback intervention developed to improve communication style of parents with an adolescent with type 1 diabetes. Seventy-nine parent-adolescent dyads (13-18 years) were randomized to receive a single session of brief feedback to target parental person-centered communication skills (n = 39) or to receive an educational comparison group (n = 40). Families were asked to discuss a diabetes related problem. A clinician concurrently rated the parent’s communication skills to identify communication strengths and weaknesses. Parents in the feedback group received feedback on their use of person-centered communication during the conversation using motivational interviewing techniques. …

Type 2 Diabetes In Offspring Of Diabetic African American Women, Toby Valentino Yak

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is greater among African American women and their offspring than it is among Caucasian women and their offspring. In Iowa, there has been a gap in public health knowledge regarding risk factors associated with Type 2 diabetes in African American women and their offspring. The behavioral change wheel model was used to guide this study. This research study was a quantitative, retrospective cohort using primary data to investigate the association between a sample of diabetic African American and the occurrence of diabetes in their offspring. The sample included 105 diabetic African American women between …

Insulin Dependence Heralds Adverse Events After Hip And Knee Arthroplasty, Matthew Webb

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

ABSTRACT

Background – Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most frequently performed orthopaedic procedures. As the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase the burden of its sequelae and associated surgical complications have also increased. For these reasons, it is important to understand the associations between DM and the rates of perioperative adverse events in patients with DM who will undergo THA.

Methods – The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database records perioperative adverse events as well as patient factors including demographics and comorbidities. Patients who underwent THA between 2005 and …

Embodiment Of Empathy: Experiencing Disease Through Design, Noha Fouad

Theses and Dissertations

Today, more than 400 million individuals around the world have diabetes. This number is expected to grow to more than 600 million by 2023. However, diabetes is more than just a statistic. It is an incurable, psychologically nuanced disease, with daily battles and far-reaching complications. The lives of those afflicted undergo permanent physical and psychological changes.

Reading the stories of diabetics, or hearing them share their experience may elicit an immediate yet often fleeting sense of realization. How, then, can this brief moment of awareness be prolonged? How can a non-diabetic feel diabetes? More importantly, why should they? This research …

Determining The Effect Of Knocking Out Microrna-21 On Subsarcolemmal And Interfibrillar Mitochondria, Madhur Batra

Theses and Dissertations

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a growing problem across the world and has significant pathological changes associated with it, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, wherein cardiac function is reduced. MicroRNA-21 has been shown to play a role in both the heart and diabetes so it was thought that knocking out miR-21 could have a protective effect on oxidative phosphorylation function in diabetic mice. Subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria were isolated from adult male WT, miR-21 KO, db/db, and double knockout mice (db/db and miR-21 KO cross) and evaluated for function. Knocking out miR-21 in diabetic mice showed a restorative effect in Complex I …

The Association Between Antidepressant Medications And A1c Among Individuals With And Without Diabetes, Jamie Kammer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

While depression is known to increase the risk of diabetes and worsen glycemic control, the effect of antidepressants on these outcomes is unclear. Within the past few years, a cross-sectional study performed in a large, nationally-representative sample of individuals without diagnosed diabetes concluded that there are no differences between antidepressant users and non-users with regard to a number of diabetes-related outcomes including A1C, a measure of average glucose levels over the past few months commonly used to detect and monitor diabetes. The current set of studies was conducted to determine whether replicating this research in a higher-risk population or using …

Assessment Of The Knowledge And Skills Of School Personnel To Respond To Diabetic Emergencies In Georgia Public Schools, Alesha Wright

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes is a common chronic disease that affects children in the United States. As children with diabetes attend school, the ability to appropriately manage their diabetes is essential to preventing life-threatening health complications. The purpose of the study was to assess school personnel’s knowledge of diabetes and perceived self-competence in performing diabetes management skills in response to a diabetic emergency. For the present study, a diabetic emergency was operationalized to include hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, or diabetic ketoacidosis. A cross-sectional survey design, utilizing a fifty-two item self-administered questionnaire that accentuated the causes and symptoms of diabetes, definition of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, and …

The Role And Impact Of School Nurses And Intentions To Delegate Diabetes-Related Tasks Amidst Budget Cuts And Legislative Changes, Michelle J. Lineberry

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

As the percentage of school children with chronic conditions such as diabetes continues to rise, funding for school nurses to keep those students healthy and safe is decreasing. This dissertation includes three studies: (1) a systematic review of the literature on the role and impact of American elementary school nurses, (2) a focus group study that further examined the role of Kentucky school nurses and described their reaction to a new regulation that necessitates delegation of diabetes-related nursing tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), and (3) a quantitative study that examined Kentucky school nurses’ past behaviors and future intentions regarding …

Communicating Periodontal Disease Risk To American Indian Patients With Diabetes, Jennifer Jordan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes is epidemic in the American Indian population. One problem health care providers face when working with the American Indian population is communicating about secondary complications, such as periodontal disease. From a public health standpoint, periodontal disease prevention is important not only to prevent unnecessary oral pain and tooth loss, but also to prevent other more serious systemic problems from occurring such as cardiovascular disease, strokes, and bacterial pneumonia. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the communication efforts of health care providers and understand if and how they discuss periodontal disease with their American Indian …

Culturally-Based Diabetes Self-Management Education And Diabetes Knowledge In The Hispanic Population, Leslie Weldon Grunden

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Hispanic population has an elevated prevalence of diabetes, resulting in large part from a lack of self-management skills required to obtain glycemic control. The purpose of this project was to determine whether diabetes self-management knowledge was improved through the use of a culturally-based diabetes self-management program for Hispanic adults with diabetes using elements of the Hispanic culture. The research question asked whether a researcher-developed diabetes self-management education program that incorporated elements of the Hispanic culture improved diabetes knowledge in the Hispanic population when compared to a non-culturally based diabetes self-management program. The project was conducted using a quasi-experimental control …