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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Theranostics For Antiretroviral Biodistribution And Pharmacokinetics, Brendan M. Ottemann
Theranostics For Antiretroviral Biodistribution And Pharmacokinetics, Brendan M. Ottemann
Theses & Dissertations
RATIONALE: Our laboratories birthed the field of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) theranostics. The new field allows simultaneous detection (diagnostics) and treatment (therapeutic) for the identification, treatment and inevitable elimination of virus in cell and tissue compartments. By employing theranostics, antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) can be tracked in lymph nodes, gut, spleen and liver. Cellular viral reservoirs including CD4+ T cell populations and mononuclear phagocytes (MP; monocytes, macrophages, microglia and dendritic cells) along with subcellular endosomal structures can now be targeted for drug delivery bringing therapeutics to areas where virus replicates. The overarching idea rests in improving precision targeted ARV delivery. …
Engineering Hyaluronic Acid For Biomedical Applications, Deep S. Bhattacharya
Engineering Hyaluronic Acid For Biomedical Applications, Deep S. Bhattacharya
Theses & Dissertations
This work presents research using the naturally available non- sulfated carbohydrate glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA) for the synthesis of different chemical derivatives of HA for evaluation of binding kinetics with CD44 and P- selectin proteins for applications in fluorescence image-guided surgery. Chemical derivatives of HA such as deacetylated HA (deHA), sulfated HA (sHA), and deacetylated and sulfated HA (s-deHA) were synthesized by modulating sulfating and deacetylating reagents to alter binding specificities to CD44. Modified HA derivatives and CD44 biophysical interactions were assessed by fluorescence polarization. In silico techniques were also used to determine binding using molecular docking and MM-PBSA approaches. …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Long Acting Darunavir Prodrugs, Mary Banoub
Synthesis And Characterization Of Long Acting Darunavir Prodrugs, Mary Banoub
Theses & Dissertations
Patient adherence is critical for ART success to ensure adequate viral suppression, therefore, long-acting antiretrovirals are soon replacing current daily regimens. In recent years, two drugs were successfully transformed into long-acting injectables; CAB LA and RPV LA. These long-acting nanoformulations made it possible to abandon the daily pill burden, instead approximately a bimonthly injection of both drugs is enough to suppress and maintain viral load suppression. Our laboratory has been instrumental in transforming FDA-approved and experimental-HIV medications into long-acting slow effective release drugs, also known as LASER ART. LASER ART consists of slow drug metabolism and high permeability and retention …
Targeted Inhibition Of Histone Deacetyltransferases For Pancreatic Cancer Therapy, Richard Laschanzky
Targeted Inhibition Of Histone Deacetyltransferases For Pancreatic Cancer Therapy, Richard Laschanzky
Theses & Dissertations
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease with a dismal five-year survival rate of less than 10%. One major obstacle in PDAC treatment is acquired drug resistance. Pan-histone deacetylase inhibitors (pan-HDACi) are a relatively new class of anti-cancer drugs, with demonstrated ability to overcome drug resistance and re-sensitize PDAC tumors to Gemcitabine (Gem). These agents target HDACs, a family of 18 enzymes (divided into four classes, I-IV) that catalyze the deacetylation of histones and other cellular proteins and have multiple effects on cell growth, differentiation, survival, and tumorigenesis. Although pan-HDACi have shown significant efficacy in preclinical analysis, and some …
Macromolecular Prodrug For The Treatment Of Ulcerative Colitis, Yuanyuan Sun
Macromolecular Prodrug For The Treatment Of Ulcerative Colitis, Yuanyuan Sun
Theses & Dissertations
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon. More than 1 million Americans are affected, with the annual economic burden up to 14.9 billion in the United States. By far, ulcerative colitis still lacks the cure and the current treatment strategies are limited due to severe side effects and in-sufficient efficacy. The tofacitinib (Xeljanz) is the only approved oral medication by for adults with moderately-to-severely-active ulcerative colitis. But the related side effects and serious infections still have to be resolved. In the previous study in our lab, the researchers have successfully developed and characterized multiple hy-drophilic prodrug …
Development Of Approaches Of Tumor Trapping Enhanced Bb2r-Targeted Radiopharmaceuticals For Prostate Cancer, Wenting Zhang
Development Of Approaches Of Tumor Trapping Enhanced Bb2r-Targeted Radiopharmaceuticals For Prostate Cancer, Wenting Zhang
Theses & Dissertations
The Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor (BB2r) has been intensively investigated as a cancer target over the years. Numerous diagnostic and therapeutic BB2r-targeted agents have been developed for various solid tumors, including prostate cancers, due to the high expression level of BB2r on neoplastic relative to normal tissues. The development of those targeted agents have mainly utilized the modified c-terminal of bombesin(BBN), a peptide that has nanomolar binding affinity to human BB2r. However, a major issue that hinders the clinical translational potential of low-molecular weight, receptor-targted agents, is their short residence time at tumor tissues due to the intrinsically high diffusion and …
Development Of A Long-Acting Nanoformulation Of Dolutegravir For Prevention And Treatment Of Hiv-1 Infection, Brady Sillman
Development Of A Long-Acting Nanoformulation Of Dolutegravir For Prevention And Treatment Of Hiv-1 Infection, Brady Sillman
Theses & Dissertations
Dolutegravir (DTG) is a potent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase strand-transfer inhibitor (INSTI) with a high barrier to viral drug resistance. However, opportunities to improve its profile abound. These include extending the drug’s apparent half-life, increasing penetrance to “putative” viral reservoirs, and reducing inherent toxicities. These highlight, in part, the need for long-acting, slow effective release antiretroviral therapy (LASER ART) delivery schemes. A long-acting (LA) DTG was made by synthesizing a hydrophobic and lipophilic prodrug encased with poloxamer (P407) surfactant. This modified DTG (MDTG) reduced systemic metabolism and polarity, increased lipophilicity and membrane permeability, improved encapsulation, and formed …