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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Relationship Between Caring For Individuals Diagnosed With Prader-Willi Syndrome And Caregiver Stress, Michael Andrew Vice
The Relationship Between Caring For Individuals Diagnosed With Prader-Willi Syndrome And Caregiver Stress, Michael Andrew Vice
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background/Purpose: Chronic stress is related to numerous health risks such as causing an individual to age more rapidly than an individual with less stress (Oliveira, et al., 2010; Bauer, 2009; McEwen, 2002). Other aging problems related to chronic stress are Alzheimer’s disease (Peterson et al., 2007) and premature death (Canizzo et al., 2011). Stress can lead to mental health issues such as depression (Wiegner, 2015; Hammen, 2005) and anxiety (Wiegner et al., 2015). Stress has also been linked to cardiovascular disease (Seldenrijk, 2015), asthma (Rod et al., 2012; Chen & Miller, 2007), obesity (McInnis et al., 2014), diabetes (Salpea, 2010), …
Synthesis, Chemistry, Biological Evaluation And Structure-Activity Relationships Of Rac- And Chiral 6-Desmethyl-5Β –Hydroxy-D-Secoartemisinin And Analogs, Mohamed Elsideiq Jihan
Synthesis, Chemistry, Biological Evaluation And Structure-Activity Relationships Of Rac- And Chiral 6-Desmethyl-5Β –Hydroxy-D-Secoartemisinin And Analogs, Mohamed Elsideiq Jihan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The prevention and cure of malaria is difficult as it thrives under poor socio- and pharmacoeconomic conditions in third world, tropical and subtropical regions. It is a parasitic disease spread through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. In humans, malaria can be caused by several Plasmodium species that include: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium knowlesi. The natural product artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone with an endoperoxide bridge isolated from the Chinese annual herb qinghao (Artemisia annua L or sweet wormwood). The relatively stable endoperoxide bridge is essential for their antimalarial activity. The synthesis of …
Preparation And Characterization Of Acitretin-Loaded Niosomes For Psoriasis Treatment, Marey Abdulmootani Almaghrabi
Preparation And Characterization Of Acitretin-Loaded Niosomes For Psoriasis Treatment, Marey Abdulmootani Almaghrabi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that manifests as impaired epidermal differentiation. The disease is typically treated with acitretin, an effective oral cytotoxic agent. However, due to its side effects, its use is highly limited. Topical delivery of acitretin may decrease the systemic toxicity and increase the drug’s bioavailability at the pathological site. However, this approach has some limitations. The decrease in skin integrity due to psoriasis could lead to escape of drug into the systemic circulation system and consequently compromise the topical approach. Also, the high instability of acitretin in the presence of heat could limit its topical application. …
Predictors Of Medication Nonadherence In Children/Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) In Mississippi Medicaid Program, Wahidullah Noori
Predictors Of Medication Nonadherence In Children/Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) In Mississippi Medicaid Program, Wahidullah Noori
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: To examine adherence to ADHD stimulant medications and determined the condition-related, therapy-related, patient-related, health-system related, and social and economic related predictors of medication nonadherence in children/adolescents (4 – 18 years) with ADHD enrolled in Mississippi Medicaid Program. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of the Mississippi Medicaid administrative claims data. Data was analyzed from March 01, 2014 to February 29, 2016. Adherence was calculated as the proportion of days covered (PDC). PDC was calculated including and excluding summer break (June – August) and at two different timelines, at 6 months and 12 months depending upon the length of …
Burden Of Depression Among Individuals With Irritable Bowel Syndrome(Ibs) In The Medicaid Population, Kaustuv Bhattacharya
Burden Of Depression Among Individuals With Irritable Bowel Syndrome(Ibs) In The Medicaid Population, Kaustuv Bhattacharya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objective: to determine the period prevalence of IBS and comorbid depression among individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in multi-state Medicaid population, and to assess the impact of comorbid depression on healthcare utilization and costs among individuals with IBS enrolled in fee-for-service Medicaid program. Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted using 2006-2008 Medicaid analytic extract files for 39 states. Beneficiaries with IBS were identified based on any medical claims for the disease. Beneficiaries with one or more medical claims for depression during the study period were considered to have had comorbid depression. For each beneficiary, the first claim for …
Dose-Response Association Between Acute Exercise Duration, Exercise Recovery And Cognitive Function, Elizabeth Ann Crush
Dose-Response Association Between Acute Exercise Duration, Exercise Recovery And Cognitive Function, Elizabeth Ann Crush
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Previous studies have shown moderate intensity exercise to be a desired intensity level to optimize cognitive function, however, this research has mostly been conducted among older adults despite the claim that cognitive function may start to decline in the early years (i.e., 20s). Another research gap within this population is our limited understanding of the effects of different exercise durations and recovery periods on cognitive function. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different exercise durations and recovery periods on cognition using a treadmill-based protocol. In a counterbalanced, cross-over randomized controlled design, 352 participants, ages …
Salient Beliefs And Social Influence On Intentions To Misuse Prescription Opioid Pain Relieving Drugs For Recreational Purposes: An Application Of The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Robert Eugene Davis
Salient Beliefs And Social Influence On Intentions To Misuse Prescription Opioid Pain Relieving Drugs For Recreational Purposes: An Application Of The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Robert Eugene Davis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of the proposed study was to evaluate the utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in predicting intentions to use prescription opioid pain relieving drugs for recreational purposes among a sample of college students, while identifying salient beliefs that underlie recreational use in order to inform future intervention efforts among this population. Methodology: A cross-sectional electronic survey design was used to evaluate the direct measures of TPB constructs, salient beliefs, substance use, and individual characteristics of a random sample of university students. Results: Among our sample (N=776) more than 20% reported lifetime use of prescription opioids …
Lipid Based Frameworks And Topical Ocular Inserts For The Delivery Of Small Molecule Therapeutics To The Posterior Segment Of The Eye, Sai Prachetan Balguri
Lipid Based Frameworks And Topical Ocular Inserts For The Delivery Of Small Molecule Therapeutics To The Posterior Segment Of The Eye, Sai Prachetan Balguri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lipid based systems and topical ocular inserts of various drugs were developed for the intervention/treatment of posterior segment ocular complications. Indomethacin (IN) was developed into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). Effect of surface functionalization using chitosan (CS) on lipid nanocarriers was tested to evaluate corneal penetration. Surface modification of SLNs with CS increased ocular penetration of IN. NLCs maintained significantly higher IN concentrations in all ocular tissues tested, compared to the other formulations evaluated in vivo. Effect of surface poly (ethylene) glycol (PEG) functionalization of the NLCs on ocular disposition was studied using Ciprofloxacin (CIP) as …
Identification Of Stimulant Misuse And Malingering Of Symptoms Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sujith Ramachandran
Identification Of Stimulant Misuse And Malingering Of Symptoms Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sujith Ramachandran
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It was estimated in 2013 that 54.3 million individuals reported overall lifetime prevalence of prescription drug abuse, and 16.7 million individuals reported misusing or abusing prescription drugs in the past year. This study focuses on the abuse of psychostimulants, popularly used for treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It is estimated that 10 to 30% of college students might be abusing stimulants, mostly for academic purposes. The incidence of stimulant related ER visits has nearly doubled in the last decade. It is also estimated that 10 to 50% of ADHD evaluations in a University setting might be exaggerated or …
Molecular Characterization Of The Opioid Receptors: Design, Development, And Preclinical Evaluation Of Salvinorin A-Based Molecular Probes., Adam Keasling
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The field of salvinorin chemistry represents a novel and emerging field of opioid research. The novelty is derived from the lead pharmacophore: salvinorin A — a neoclerodane diterpenoid natural product isolated from Salvia divinorum. Salvinorin A represents a pharmacologically unique compound in that it is the first known non-nitrogenous KOR subtype-selective agonist, exhibits a comparatively safe physiological profile with no reports of toxicological effects in clinical trials, and, most importantly, has a steadily growing body of literature indicating potentially useful clinical applications (e.g. antinociceptive, anti-addictive, antipruritic, neuroprotective, etc.). This has encouraged the development of analogues as essential molecular probes to …
Development Of Phenotypic Drug Discovery Models For Tropical Parasitic Diseases, Surendra Kumar Jain
Development Of Phenotypic Drug Discovery Models For Tropical Parasitic Diseases, Surendra Kumar Jain
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Malaria and visceral leishmaniasis are major killer parasitic diseases. These diseases though occur primarily in tropical countries; economic burden and overall health impacts of malaria and leishmaniasis are global. The emergence of drug-resistant and more-virulent strains of the pathogens has further amplified the problems. New drug discovery approaches primarily rely on in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. The pathogens causing leishmaniasis and malaria are intracellular. Leishmania parasite grows as amastigotes in macrophages cells, and malaria parasite grows within the hepatocytes or erythrocytes. The intracellular forms of the pathogens are responsible for the pathophysiology of the diseases. New …
Patient Friendly Formulations Utilizing Hot Melt Extrusion Technology, Manjeet Bhagwan Pimparade
Patient Friendly Formulations Utilizing Hot Melt Extrusion Technology, Manjeet Bhagwan Pimparade
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research work exhibited the new outlook of hot melt extrusion technology for orally disintegrating tablet, fast disintegration films and fixed dose combinations. Previous research demonstrated these applications by conventional formulation techniques which has inherent shortcoming of use of large amount of solvent and batch size manufacturing. This present work addressed some of the unique challenges which could provide patients ease of administration and reduce dosing frequencies, and moreover, mitigate the manufacturing challenges. For orally disintegrating tablet study, ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier. Pore forming agents were incorporated into the extruded matrix to …
Phytochemical Investigation Of Psychoactive Medicinal Plants For The Treatment Of Neurological Disorders, Vedanjali Gogineni
Phytochemical Investigation Of Psychoactive Medicinal Plants For The Treatment Of Neurological Disorders, Vedanjali Gogineni
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Neurological disorders include disorders such as migraine, tension-type headaches, Parkinson’s disease (PD), epilepsy, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Globally, PD is the second most comneurodegenerative disorder following AD. In developed countries, PD affects 1% of all population over 60 years of age. The prevalence of PD is increasing over the years and is expected to double by 2030. It is proposed that combination of dopaminergic drugs with monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors, anticholinergics, catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors, and other non-dopaminergic drugs can better alleviate levodopa-induced motor complications along with better control of motor symptoms. MAO-B inhibitors play a significant role in …
Differential Modulation Of Oxycodone Reward And Analgesia By A Cannabinoid Derivative, Hannah Marie Harris
Differential Modulation Of Oxycodone Reward And Analgesia By A Cannabinoid Derivative, Hannah Marie Harris
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Ph/Temperature Dual Sensitive Multiblock Copolymer For Drug Delivery, Hyung Kyung Lee
Synthesis And Characterization Of Ph/Temperature Dual Sensitive Multiblock Copolymer For Drug Delivery, Hyung Kyung Lee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to develop a novel multiblock copolymer (MBCP) with temperature/pH dual-sensitivity which undergoes gelation at body temperature and degradation at acidic pH for controlled drug delivery applications. The MBCP with molecular weight of 42000 Da was synthesized by polycondensation between an acid-labile ketal linker, 2,2-bis(aminoethoxy)propane (BAP) and Pluronic® P104 using L-lysine diisocyanate ethyl ester (LDI) or 1,6-Diisocyanatohexane (HDI). The gelation temperature of 20% (w/v) MBCP was in the range of 29 to 31 ºC when tested with three different techniques: rheometer, test tube inversion method, and falling ball method. The polymer shopH-triggered degradation and drug …