The Effects Of Exercise On Breastmilk Composition And Supply: A Critical Literature Review, Jewell Mcroy

Masters Theses, 2020-current

It is well established that breastfeeding provides dual benefits to both the mother and the infant and is the preferred method of providing nutrients to infants essential for growth and development. Participating in regular physical exercise is also well-supported by research to be beneficial to one’s overall health and quality of life. Currently there are no physical activity guidelines developed for women who are postpartum and breastfeeding. An online database search was conducted; three articles met the inclusion criteria and were included within the review. Studies were included if there were direct measures of human breastmilk composition, supply/volume, and included …

Impact Of 12-Weeks Of Nordic Pole Walking On Arterial Stiffness In Sedentary Overweight And Obese Adults, Arbër N. Shehu

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Arterial stiffness (AS) is an independent predictor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Regular aerobic exercise is considered to improve AS. Nordic walking provides important health benefits, however, the effect of this walking method as treatment for AS remains unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled study to examine the effect of a 12-week supervised group walking intervention (controlled pace, ~3000 steps/day, 30 minutes/day, 5 times/week), with (NW) and without (SW) Nordic poles, on AS in sedentary overweight and obese adults. Fourteen individuals were randomly assigned to NW (n=7; median age 54.0 years; body mass index (BMI)=31.3 kg/m²) or …

Does Acute Preprandial Exercise Modify Postprandial Inflammation After A High Fat Meal In Young And Older Adults?, William Wisseman

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

A single high-fat meal (HFM) can increase systemic inflammation (postprandial inflammation; PPI) and may be attenuated by recent exercise. However, the effect of preprandial exercise on PPI in older adults (OA) is not clear. Purpose: To determine if preprandial exercise attenuates PPI in YA and OA. Methods: 12 YA (23.3±3.9 years n= 5 M/7 F) and 12 OA (67.7±6 years, n= 8 M/4 F) completed two HFM challenges in a randomized order. During HFM alone, participants abstained from exercise 48 hours prior to the HFM session (except for the exercise session) and adhered to a 12 hour overnight …

Physiological Differences In Cardiovascular Hemodynamics Across Treadmill And Cycle Exercise As Assessed Through Impedance Cardiography, Daniel S. Valcicak

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Impedance cardiography (IC) measures cardiovascular hemodynamics non-invasively during exercise. However, IC measurements assessing physiological differences across treadmill (TM) and cycle (CYC) exercise has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether hemodynamic measurements assessed via IC are consistent between TM and CYC exercise at two absolute exercise intensities. Twenty-one men (age = 21.4 ± 0.5 y; BMI = 24.4 ± 0.5) completed four exercise tests, two TM and two CYC. Within each test, two, five-minute, steady-state stages were completed with targeted intensities of 5 (MODex) and 7 (VIGex) metabolic equivalents (METs). Oxygen consumption (VO₂) …

A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet Combined With Six Weeks Of Crossfit Training Improves Body Composition And Performance, Rachel M. Gregory

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) is a popular approach to weight and fat loss. CrossFit is a high-intensity power training (HIPT) type exercise for all levels of age and fitness that has gained recognition as one of the fasting growing sports in America. No previous research has been found which examines body composition changes or performance in individuals consuming a LCKD and participating in CrossFit training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a 6-week LCKD and CrossFit program on body composition and performance. METHODS: Twenty-seven non-elite CrossFit subjects (mean ± SD age = …

The Effect Of Run Sprint Interval Training On Diabetic Metabolic Markers In Prediabetic Adults, Kathryn L. Hilovsky

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Abstract

Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an 8-week run-sprint interval training (R-SIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (MIT) on fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function in sedentary, prediabetic adults. Secondary outcomes of the study included anthropometric, body composition variables, and aerobic capacity.

Methods: Sedentary, physician diagnosed prediabetic individuals were randomized into R-SIT (n=7, BMI 36.76 ± 9.79) or MIT (n=8, BMI 40.59 ± 12.49) interventions. Subjects participated in supervised exercise three times a week and attended a Diabetes Prevention Program course, once weekly. R-SIT participants performed 4-6 x 30-second …