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Articles 1 - 30 of 65
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Retinitis Pigmentosa, Amanda Moore
Retinitis Pigmentosa, Amanda Moore
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster contains information on the pathophysiology of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP). Main points of the poster include a description of the disease, the pathophysiology of RP, diagnostics, signs and symptoms, nursing implications, and the resources used to obtain the information. This topic was chosen based on my father in law, who is currently living with retinitis pigmentosa. The purpose of this was to educate myself about RP, and to recognize any signs and symptoms in the case that my husband and/or son develop the genetic disease
Pathophysiology Of Infective Endocarditis (Ie) Associated With Intravenous Drug Use, Kaleigh Cline
Pathophysiology Of Infective Endocarditis (Ie) Associated With Intravenous Drug Use, Kaleigh Cline
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Intravenous drug use (IVDU) is an activity that has the potential of devastating outcomes and affects individuals all over the world. One potential outcome a patient using IV drugs may experience is infective endocarditis (IE). This poster details the significance of IE, its underlying pathophysiology, significance of pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and nursing implications.
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ana Vigil
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ana Vigil
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.
Pathophysiology And Pathogenesis Of Endometriosis, Kathryn Vaubel
Pathophysiology And Pathogenesis Of Endometriosis, Kathryn Vaubel
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.
Febrile Neutropenia, Tonja Plew
Febrile Neutropenia, Tonja Plew
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Febrile Neutropenia (FN) is a common, yet potentially life-threatening, complication in cancer patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. FN occurs when a patient has a temperature of greater than 100.4℉ with an absolute neutrophil count of less than 500cells/mm³, which places the patient at a high risk for infection. Fever may be the only sign of FN. FN is an oncologic emergency, requiring immediate, aggressive treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. FN is associated with high morbidity and mortality in cancer patients.
Acute Kidney Injury, Olutola Banjoko
Acute Kidney Injury, Olutola Banjoko
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
According to Koza, Y. (2016), “acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex clinical disorder that is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Despite technological advances in renal replacement therapy, AKI continues to be associated with poor outcomes. AKI is a syndrome of sudden loss of the kidney’s excretory function, often with oliguria, which usually occurs over the course of hours to days. AKI is common in hospitalized patients, especially in critically ill patients.
Pathophysiology Of Human Papillomavirus (Hpv), Kara Shroff
Pathophysiology Of Human Papillomavirus (Hpv), Kara Shroff
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus and infects millions of men and women yearly. Prevention and screening are crucial to help minimize the spread of this disease. This poster provides an explanation of the disease, how it affects people differently, and the ways in which Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) are essential in intervening before patients are affected.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Brandon L. Mosely
Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Brandon L. Mosely
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and often the initial admitting diagnosis in type I diabetes diagnosis (Sharma, Kumar & Yadav, 2017). The purpose of this poster is to discuss the pathophysiology, risk factors, nursing implications signs and symptoms of DKA. The incidence of DKA has risen by 30% over the past decade, with more than 140,000 hospital admissions every year in the United States (Basam et al., 2017). DKA hospitalizations account for 2.4 billion dollars annually (Basam et al., 2017). DKA can be a life threating complication for any diabetic. As a future family …
Multiple Sclerosis, Michelle Summers
Multiple Sclerosis, Michelle Summers
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory auto-immune disease hallmarked by demyelination and subsequent plaque formation throughout the central nervous system (CNS)(Balto et al., 2017). MS has no one known cause for development, but genetic, environmental, viral, and lifestyle risk factors have all been found to contribute (Zostawa, Adamczyk, Sowa, & Adamczyk-Sowa, 2017). The disease can present with numbness, tingling, pain, progressive weakness, loss of continence, visual problems, and muscle spasms. Though there is currently no cure, 15 disease management treatments are currently available to preserve function, and to prevent exacerbations (Reich et al., 2018). This poster further delves …
Obstructive Sleep Apnea And It's Relationship To Cardiovascular Disease, Cody Steffes
Obstructive Sleep Apnea And It's Relationship To Cardiovascular Disease, Cody Steffes
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease have numerous risk factors in common, however, research shows that sleep apnea itself is powerfully linked to the development of cardiovascular disease. The pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea illustrates the development of cardiovascular disease and the severe effects that it has on patients over time. By understanding the pathophysiology, recognizing early symptoms, and considering the serious consquences related to obstructive sleep apnea, advanced practice nurses can play a significant role in the treatment and prevention of sleep apnea related cardiovascular disease.
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury And Its Effect On The Myocardium, Anthony Mathenge
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury And Its Effect On The Myocardium, Anthony Mathenge
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Reperfusion strategies are the current standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction (Neri, 2017). Most clinicians assume that ischemic injury terminates with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). However, according to Ibáñez 2015, damage inflicted on the myocardium during acute myocardial infarction is the result of two processes: ischemia and subsequent reperfusion (Ibáñez, 2015). The purpose of the poster is to inform clinicians regarding the process of ischemic injury, before and after reperfusion. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is a large mega channel that opens due to increased …
Human Papillomavirus, Lauren Leathers
Human Papillomavirus, Lauren Leathers
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This is a poster reviewing the topic of human papillomavirus (HPV). Information regarding the virus, how it is spread, and outcomes for those infected are discussed. The pathophysiological mechanisms of HPV and pathological significance are also described. Emphasis is placed on HPV prevention, and details regarding such techniques are found throughout the poster.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Emily Knisley
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Emily Knisley
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This is an educational poster outlining the topic of Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). This is an endocrine disorder that affects women in their childbearing years which can result in fertility issues, obesity, insulin resistance, and the development of cysts on the ovaries. The poster covers the signs and symptoms, a case study, statistics, etiology, implications for nursing, and treatment. The main objective of this poster is to discuss the pathophysiology of PCOS and its significance to the affected population.
Crohn's Disease, Mergithu Hubena
Crohn's Disease, Mergithu Hubena
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Crohn’s disease is a progressive and systemic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation to any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The inflammation causes some of the clinical manifestations of crohn’s disease such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, malnutrition, weight loss and fatigue. The cause of crohn’s disease is unknown; however, studies show genetic predisposition, environmental exposures and the gastrointestinal tract microbiome playing roles in the development of crohn’s disease. Crohn’s disease involves the abnormal response of the immune system or a malfunctioning of mucosal immune system to offensive microorganisms which leads to gastrointestinal tissue injury.
Neutropenic Sepsis In The Intensive Care Unit, Nicole Melchiorre
Neutropenic Sepsis In The Intensive Care Unit, Nicole Melchiorre
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster will review the pathophysiology of neutropenic sepsis, specifically involving patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Understanding the pathophysiological process of neutropenic sepsis allows the caregiver to comprehend the severity and consequences of the disease process and how imperative early intervention is in treatment of these patients. Early intervention with fluid resuscitation, antibiotics, obtaining cultures, and maintaining adequate perfusion of vital organs by treating hypotension and hypoxia are all a part of improving outcomes and decreasing mortality. It is crucial to recognize the complexity of neutropenic sepsis and responding to it as an oncological emergency.
Aortic Stenosis, Meredith Kanet
Aortic Stenosis, Meredith Kanet
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster was completed on the topic of aortic stenosis. Emphasis on the poster was placed on the underlying pathophysiology of aortic stenosis and its significant impact on the function of the heart. Diagnostic testing, as well as presence of signs and symptoms, can assist the practitioner in assessing the severity of aortic stenosis in the patient. Treatment options, including medical management and surgical interventions, are reviewed and correlate along with nursing implication for care of the patient with aortic stenosis. Concluding facts regarding aortic stenosis are included as a summation of the poster topic.
Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting In Adults, Kristina Ann Vasnaik
Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting In Adults, Kristina Ann Vasnaik
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The purpose of this evidence-based poster is to discuss post-operative nausea and vomiting in the adult population undergoing surgery. Post-operative nausea and vomiting is a common concern for patients and providers, a common complication of surgery, and leading cause of unexpected hospital admission of ambulatory care patients. Post-operative nausea and vomiting also increases healthcare costs and causes decreased patient satisfaction as it creates additional discomfort for the surgical patient. The goal of this poster is to discuss common pathophysiology and significance of post-operative nausea and vomiting, signs and symptoms, risk factors for developing post-operative nausea and vomiting, pre-operative/intra-operative/post-operative treatment strategies, …
Atrial Fibrillation (Af): Causes, Sequela, Risk Factors, And Management, Jason Govia
Atrial Fibrillation (Af): Causes, Sequela, Risk Factors, And Management, Jason Govia
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster gives detailed information covering atrial fibrillation such as its definition, relevance, classifications, symptoms, and risk factors. Also included is a moderately in-depth discussion of the different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the condition and a section with esoteric terms necessary to understand those mechanisms. The poster features a summary of management strategies for atrial fibrillation and concludes with implications for nursing.
Lynch Syndrome, Raejeanne B. Nutter
Lynch Syndrome, Raejeanne B. Nutter
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Lynch syndrome (LS) was previously known as Hereditary Non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) (Shulman, 2015) is a hereditary cancer syndrome. The research explored Lynch Syndrome, the identification, and treatment. Lynch syndrome is associated with cancers of the ovary, stomach, urothelial tract, and small bowel, and less frequently, cancers of the brain, biliary tract, pancreas, and prostate. (Cox et al., 2018) “An individual’s lifetime risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC) estimated at 5% to 6%; an individual with Lynch syndrome has an 80% lifetime risk. Lynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline mutations in 1 of 4 mismatch …
Sepsis, John Bell
Sepsis, John Bell
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The pathophysiology of sepsis is related to the patient’s immune response. It involves an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory responses, causing damage by a variety of mechanisms (Keegan & Wira, 2014).
Aortic Stenosis, Dereck Vonallman
Aortic Stenosis, Dereck Vonallman
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The poster pertains to aortic stenosis (AS) and how it relates to the nurse anesthesia profession. Topic was chosen due to my current role in the cardiovascular intensive care unit and future role as a certified nurse anesthetist. Case presentation was offered in the form of an OR patient who suffered AS and became hypotensive. The underlying pathophysiology was listed as; hereditary, scaring and calcium deposits. Significance of the pathophysiology is identified in the proper management of a patient with AS who suffers from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and how a hypotension crisis in the OR needs to be managed differently than …
Malignant Hyperthermia, Ashley Casimir Vasnaik
Malignant Hyperthermia, Ashley Casimir Vasnaik
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA), as well as other anesthesia providers and support staff interact with a variety of patients on a day to day basis. These patients come to the hospital to seek help for their medical and surgical ailments. As every patient is different, they can also have a variety of health-related issues, many of which can also impact their anesthetic plan. One of the most difficult issues and or emergent situations that can impact everyone in the operating room is an exacerbation of Malignant Hyperthermia (MH), whether it is anticipated or unanticipated. The task of preventing …
Pathophysiology Of Infective Endocarditis, Blake Splawinski
Pathophysiology Of Infective Endocarditis, Blake Splawinski
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a rare disease that can be difficult to manage and treat due to the complex nature of the disease process. The pathophysiology behind IE involves damage to the cardiac endothelium allowing bacterial infection to occur. Pathogens gain access to the bloodstream adheres to the compromised cardiac tissue. This infection grows and causes a multitude of issues for the patient. Determining the specific bacteria involved allows for the proper antibiotic regimen. Understanding the pathophysiology and treatment plans assist the interdisciplinary team to successfully manage IE. Nursing implications focus on education, monitoring, and identifying patient populations more susceptible …
Human Papillomavirus And Cervical Cancer, Sarah J. Colon
Human Papillomavirus And Cervical Cancer, Sarah J. Colon
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The pathophysiology of cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) is important for practitioners to understand to treat patients accordingly. The correlation between HPV and cervical cancer is a significant concept to learn and teach patients as it is different than other disease processes because HPV is a virus that causes cervical cancer. By using ten references information was gathered to support this presentation. Up to date research from government agencies and scholarly resources was used from the last four years. Research was used to retrieve similar information supporting the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and implications of nursing care for patients …
Obstructive Sleep Apnea And It's Relationship To Cardiovascular Disease, Cody Steffes
Obstructive Sleep Apnea And It's Relationship To Cardiovascular Disease, Cody Steffes
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.
Underappreciation Of Endothelial Glycocalyx, Morgan Potts
Underappreciation Of Endothelial Glycocalyx, Morgan Potts
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Vascular endothelial glycocalyx is a fragile, gel-like substance found on the inside of the luminal wall of blood vessels. When damaged, either by hyperglycemia, hypoxia, hypervolemia, or inflammation, this fragile structure is degraded leaving the endothelium exposed. Damaged endothelial glycocalyx causes many side effects including edema, blood vessel vasodilation, and coagulopathy. Despite the lack of treatment options, treating the underlying cause and preventing degradation by avoiding triggers is paramount in reducing morbidity and mortality.
Clostridium Difficile Infection, Jacobina A. Adamu
Clostridium Difficile Infection, Jacobina A. Adamu
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) refers to bacterium that infects the gut thereby causing diarrhea (Luo & Barlam, 2018). This infection is common among people who have used antibiotics for treatment. There is a growing consensus in literature that the infection of the intestines with Clostridium difficile infection is the fastest growing healthcare issue not only in the United States but globally. Millions of Americans are infected with this bacterium, causing major concerns in the healthcare system. In addition, it is worth noting that Clostridium difficile infection is a burdensome healthcare condition given the fact that it costs the healthcare system …
Aortic Aneurysms, Trevor Cowles
Aortic Aneurysms, Trevor Cowles
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge that occurs in the wall of the major blood vessel (aorta) that carries blood from your heart to your body. Aortic aneurysms can occur anywhere in your aorta and may be tube-shaped (fusiform) or round (saccular). This poster is about the pathophysiology of how these abnormal bulges occur. It also covers the significance of the pathophysiology along with the clinical picture of what to expect if an individual experiences these mechanisms behind the pathophysiology.
Multiple Sclerosis, Kyle Smith
Multiple Sclerosis, Kyle Smith
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive central nervous system (CNS) disease with a largely unknown etiology. It is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder that causes inflammation and scarring on the myelin sheaths of neuronal axons. Because it affects the CNS, it has many debilitating signs and symptoms that involve the sensory, motor, cognitive, and autonomic systems (Capriotti, Noel, & Brissenden, 2018).
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Nicolette Vanaman
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Nicolette Vanaman
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.