Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Psychosocial Factors Affecting Intention To Play Esports, Soojung Park

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In recent years, the negative perspective about esports that used to dominate the opinion of many people as well as sports researchers has gradually been changing in the academic world. Previous studies have shown that psychosocial values of esports such as having fun, escaping from daily life, and social interaction. However, previous studies on motivations for esports gameplay were conducted from qualitative research perspectives, focusing on esports viewership, and there has comparatively been little esports gameplay research from a quantitative perspective. Against the qualitative research heavy background, the purpose of this research is to examine the psychosocial factors that influence …

Side-To-Differences Of Medial Elbow Anatomy Adaptations In Youth Throwing Athletes, Rudolph Matthew Morrow

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: Injuries to the medial elbow are common in overhead sports, with the most common occurring at the medial/ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). Injury to the UCL is associated with elbow joint laxity which tends to develop over time in athletes who place their elbows under chronic valgus forces like those present during throwing. ^{27, 37} This instability is well documented in professional, collegiate, and high school athletes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the medial elbow joint width and common flexor tendon thickness in the arms of youth baseball players. The hypotheses were (1) the …

The Effects Of Flexor Pronator Mass Fatigue On Medial Elbow Stability, Nathaniel Harvey Millard

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: The medial elbow is supported from valgus loading with the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL), the flexor pronator mass (FPM), and the radial head. Fatigue of muscle can lead to a decrease in force production. The decrease in force production can lead to a decrease in joint stability. This study tested the effect of fatigue of the FPM muscles on the width of the medial joint space.

Methods: Thirty-one participants volunteered for this study (18 female and 12 male, 1 excluded; mean height 170.2±10.1 cm, mean weight 71.2±15.6 kg, mean age 21.53±1.87 years old). Ultrasound images of the width of …

Perceptions Of The Athletic Training Profession By A Collegiate Athlete Patient Population, Bethany Estelle Beuhring

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Patient satisfaction is an advancing topic amongst health care professions, but athletic training has not kept up with these advances. The purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and perception of the athletic training profession as related to their exposure to athletic training services over the course of an athletic career. Four hundred one student-athletes from a single institution were sent an email containing a link to the online-questionnaire, 93 student-athletes submitted the questionnaire. Weak negative correlations were found between questions regarding patient satisfaction with athletic training care and patient perception of the athletic training profession. Results imply, …

An Ultrasonographic Analysis Of The Structures Of The Subacromial Space, As They Relate To The Postures Of Upper String Musicians, Elliot V. Smithson

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: The leading source of general population shoulder pain is subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) which can contribute to rotator cuff disease (RCD). 1 It has been reported that up to 12% of musicians end their musical career due to musculoskeletal injury.2 SAIS is a common source of shoulder pain in the bowing arm of upper string musicians.3 However, the mechanisms leading to shoulder pain in upper string musicians are not well known.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize aspects of the subacromial space anatomy while in standard playing positions of upper string musicians, specifically measurements …

Do Isokinetic Variables Generated Correlate To Vertical Jump And Standing Long Jump Measures In Collegiate Football Athletes?, James Russell Smothermon

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In this study, a correlation between isokinetic testing of the knee and the vertical jump and single leg jump in collegiate division 1 football players was investigated. The medical records of 68 athletes were selected for this study. Correlations and two-tailed regressions were run. Data was analyzed with raw numbers as well as allometrically scaled numbers. Correlation analysis is revealed time to peak torque (TPT60) in both the right and left hamstrings at 60°/sec was significant in the vertical jump (VJ). At 180°/sec, power in the left leg (P180-LQ and P180-LH), peak torque in the left quadriceps (PT180-LQ), and left …

Knowledge Of Health Literacy Among Athletic Trainers, Janet Marie Rorrer

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to evaluate athletic trainers’ current knowledge levels of health literacy and health literacy intervention techniques. This study was conducted using a mixed-method; non-experimental, descriptive research design which included a researcher-generated quantitative survey and 18 ethnographic interviews. Quantitative surveys were distributed electronically, via Survey Monkey, by the athletic training Board of Certification to 5453 certified athletic trainers from West Virginia, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Also, interview participants (9 male; 9 female) were randomly selected and included three athletic trainers from each of the six states, three employment settings (Clinic, College, and High School), …

Skin Condition Secondary To Elbow Dislocation In A Collegiate Diver, Brandi Leigh Anders

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Objective: The purpose of the case study is to inform athletic trainers about complications with post-surgical athletes caused from the materials used during or after the surgery.

Background: A nineteen year old female collegiate cheerleader with previous left elbow injuries developed a rash post-surgery to repair the elbow’s instability.

Differential Diagnosis: The differential diagnosis for this athlete included a medial collateral ligament tear, ulnar neuritis, elbow subluxation and cubital tunnel narrowing.

Treatment: The athlete had been placed in a posterior splint for two weeks. The athlete noticed a red, itchy patch around each of the stiches which began to itch …

Systematic Condition In A Ncaa-I Collegiate Soccer Player, Ashley D. Smith

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Objective: The purpose of this case study is to inform athletic trainers of a systematic disease not common in our patient population.

Background: The athlete, a twenty-one YO, 160 lb, 69 inch female NCAA-I collegiate soccer goalie presented with complaint of bilateral elbow and knee joint pain and stiffness along with tender red itchy bumps on the anterior aspect of her shins. The athlete had flu-like symptoms and a URI prior to this complaint. The athlete has a history of anemia, mononucleosis, and streptococcal.

Differential Diagnosis: Rheumatoid arthritis, lymphoma, HIV/aids, erythema nodosum, lupus, Lyme disease.

Treatment: The athlete sought out …

Examination Of Two Hydration Protocols During Simulated Forced Marching Under Acute Heat Stress, David Alan Cottrill

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the effects of ingesting either water or 6% solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, and water on hydration status during simulated military road marching in hot environmental conditions. Five volunteer male subjects completed two 60 minute experimental trials exercising at a high intensity (RER .90-.95) in an improvised environmental chamber (29.7 ^{_{+ or -}} .18^oC, 11.3 + or - 2.13% relative humidity) in full army combat uniform carrying 18.18kg of equipment. Random assignment of either water or solution was completed prior to trial 1, and consumption of the unselected protocol …

Energy Balance And Its Relationship To Disordered Eating, Injury, And Menstrual Dysfunction In Soccer Athletes, Emily Lynn Miller

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Purpose of the Research: The purpose of this study is to examine the causes of negative energy balance in male and female collegiate soccer players who do not exhibit disordered eating. The study also looked at the prevalence of complications associated with disordered eating, injury and menstrual dysfunction to determine if these would be present in the participants in a negative or positive energy balance regardless of disordered eating status. A questionnaire will examine participants’ disordered eating risk, and a food and activity diary will examine energy balance. A third questionnaire regarding injury and menstrual history will determine their prevalence …

Fueling Sport Performance: Increasing Awareness In Female Collegiate Vegetarian Athletes, Rachael Irene Marie Sofie

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Vegetarian diets, when well-planned out, have been shown to meet the needs of female athletes. Although the lifestyle provides many benefits, it does not come without risk. Women athletes, in particular, are of the greatest concern. Energy restriction is common among female collegiate athletes. Because athletes are already converting to and practicing a vegetarian lifestyle, it is necessary that athletes and related sport professionals become aware of the risks and benefits of a vegetarian lifestyle. By increasing knowledge among related personnel, athletes can use vegetarianism as a performance enhancer. Outlining possible implications of the lifestyle will allow female collegiate athletes …

Visualization Of The Passive Sink Phenomenon In Nonexercising Lower Extremity Muscle Using Two Sampling Sites: Consequences For Assessment And Training, Michelle Elyse Copolo

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In the past, interest in the application of human performance and testing values has been limited to exercise professionals and those who participate in physical activity at high levels. One common method exercise physiologists employ to determine performance is the assessment of blood lactate concentration [La - ] through sampling. Blood lactate has been studied extensively; however, selection of an optimal sample site for drawing blood lactate is still an ongoing concern for exercise physiologists. Site selection can impact the values of blood [La - ] being reported, which can in turn impact the development of the training prescription. Studies …

The Effect Of An Elastic Eccentric Extensor Mechanism On Hamstring Function, Anna Elizabeth Sutton

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Hamstring strains have a long recovery time, a high rate of recurrence, and are very common injuries in sports. Fatigue, improper warm-up, previous injury, strength imbalance, and poor flexibility have all been linked to hamstring injuries. Initial treatment of the hamstring typically consists of rest, ice, compression, elevation, and pain relief. However, no optimal treatment regimen has been developed based on carefully designed clinical trials. This study tested fourteen college-aged male and female subjects. Their gait was recorded using video tracking software with and without an elastic band (Theraband® Akron, Ohio) attached to the anterior surface of their waist and …

A Case Study Of Athletic Training Educators' Sports-Care Responsibilities, Service, And Professional Advancement In Athletic Training Education Programs, Rachael C. Alley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to examine the (1) extent of athletic training faculty members, who bear additional duties for intercollegiate sports care, (2) the beliefs of the faculty members who have intercollegiate sports care responsibilities related to these duties being credited for professional advancement, (3) the beliefs of faculty members related to having sport care responsibilities as part of their employment, and (4) faculty perceptions of intercollegiate sports care responsibilities upon promotion, tenure and contract renewal.

A sample of 655 certified athletic trainers was identified by the Board of Certification with the primary occupation designation of educator from …

Evaluation Of Lactate Concentration From 30 Seconds Wingate Test Using Three Sample Sites, Bethany Christian

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

It is common for athletes to use blood lactate for the determination of performance as well as for the development of training volumes. Depending on the mode, duration, and intensity, the sample site at which blood lactate is drawn becomes important. Due to the debate of sample site, research has been ongoing. There has yet to be a collective investigation examining three sample sites and maximal anaerobic exercise while considering the role of inactive muscle. The purpose of this study was to gain better understanding of blood lactate concentrations at various sample sites after maximal effort exercise. Eight anaerobically trained …

Risk Management Practices Of Collegiate Athletic Trainers: An Examination Of Policies And Procedures, Ericka Point Zimmerman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to identify and describe (a) risk management practices of collegiate athletic trainers, (b) perceived risk management practices important to the collegiate athletic trainer, (c) risk management responsibilities of the head athletic trainer, and (d) resources utilized by collegiate athletic trainers in the development of a risk management plan. Risk management practices were divided into 13 categories: (a) periodic review, (b) consultation, (c) periodic in-services of policies, (d) periodic inservices for personnel, (e) methods for insuring against loss, (f) participation and consent of athletes, (g) emergencies, (h) care and treatment of injuries and conditions, (i) …

The Effects Of Static Stretching On Vertical Jump Performance, Tom Evans

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The vertical jump can play a significant role for many athletes in various competitive sports. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that passive static stretching has on various athletes from various sports. The athletes were asked to perform a certain amount of jumps with no stretching routine and a set of jumps with a stretching routine. The results calculated for this study did show to have a statistically significant difference between jumping with stretching and jumping without stretching.

A Historical Review Of Secondary School Athletic Training Coverage In West Virginia, Brian W. Potter

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this research is to review the history of athletic training in the secondary schools of West Virginia, as well as to determine how appropriate the current level of athletic healthcare is for West Virginia’s secondary school athletes. Participation surveys from the WVSSAC, membership statistics from the NATA, Friday night football game reports, and documents from the WVDE were used to gather data. Since 1988 the total number of high schools with football and number of football athletes has decreased, while the total number of certified athletic trainers (ATCs) in West Virginia has increased. The number of ATCs …

Correlation Between Time To Peak Torque And Peak Torque To Vertical Jump In College Age Athletes, Craig Adam Kowalski

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The vertical jump is an essential part of athletics to gain an advantage over the opponent. Isokinetic testing provides quantitative data to determine power and how fast power or peak torque is achieved. In this study, after 20 NCAA Div. II athletes were measured for three trials of maximal vertical jump, they completed an isokinetic test of knee extension at speeds of 60, 180, and 300°/sec. The results showed a significant correlation (p<0.05) between peak torque at a speed of 300°/sec and vertical jump p<=0.019. As a result of this study it was found that the vertical jump test is a test of muscle power generated by the quadriceps muscle group, and relates to peak torque values documented by isokinetic testing at 300°/sec of knee extension.

Current Trends In Athletic Training Education And Certification In Japan, Yuriko Ohashi

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Athletic trainer is a well-established profession in the U.S., but its definition is unclear in Japan because of no certification until recently. Japan Amateur Sports Association (JASA) has started in curriculum to prepare, educate and certify athletic trainers since 1994. This study researched the current trends in athletic training education and certification in Japan. It defines the historical and present athletic training situation, and clarifies education and certification with questionnaires. Questionnaires were sent to 43 sports medicine professors at JASA athletic trainer accredited and non-accredited program schools, and 26 (61%) responses were returned. The current problems include lack of clinical …

Utilization Of Emergency Policies And Procedures By Division I-A And Division I-Aa Intercollegiate Athletic Programs, Brandy A. Petty

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The need for an established emergency policy and procedures plan in the college and university setting has been confirmed by various organizations such as: National Safety Council (NSC), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Emergency Management Association (NEMA), National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA), National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). The duty of these emergency policies and procedures is twofold. The first is to provide immediate care to student-athletes in an emergency situation. The second purpose is to avoid liability issues that may arise following an emergency situation. The premise behind the establishment and …

Isokinetic Dynamometer Versus A Multi-Axial Stability Platform In The Proprioception And Strength Training Of The Peroneal Muscle Group, Eric Johnson

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Ankle injuries are the most common and frequent occurring injuries in sports today (Feuerbach, Grabiner & Koh, 1994). Ankle sprains usually occur in athletes that are participating in running or jumping activities. Injuries to the ankle joint represent about 20% of all sports related injuries, and 15% of all time lost injuries (Payne, Berg, & Latin, 1997). The majority of the sprains to the ankle occur to the lateral ligamentous structures due to the forcefully plantar flexion and inversion of the talocrural joint. This inversion mechanism accounts for 85% of all ankle sprains (Kinzey, Ingersoll, & Knight, 1997). Often after …

The Ability Of Cryotherapy To Effect Vertical Jump And Single-Legged Hop Test, Douglas W. Branch

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Cryotherapy is an important component in the management and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries that occur due to sports participation. Cryotherapy is described as the "therapeutic application of any substance to the body which results in the withdrawal of heat from the body" (Tsang, 1997). This cold modality is used initially when caring for injuries that are acute or chronic. The main reason for using cryotherapy in acute injury management is to lower the temperature of the injured tissue, which reduces the metabolic rate and helps the tissue to survive the period of hypoxia following an injury (Merrick, 1993). The effects …

The Difference In Pain Tolerance Between Ncaa Division 1-A Male And Female Athletes, Mollie K. Karabatsos

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

How well an athlete tolerates pain may aid the athletic trainer in determining a proper rehabilitation protocol for the quickest recovery and return to play after an injury. The present investigation was conducted to determine if there is a difference in pain tolerance between NCAA Division I-A male and female athletes. The subjects consisted of nineteen healthy Division I-A male athletes and nineteen healthy Division I-A female athletes all between the ages of 18 and 23 (N=38). The subjects placed their hand, up to their styloid process, into a one - degree Celsius ice bath for one minute. After one …

The Effects Of A Functional Derotational Knee Brace On The Single-Leg Hop, Timed-Hop, And Stability Of Ncaa Division Ii Athletes, Heidi E. Moran

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Functional knee braces are often used by athletes following an injury to their anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). However, few athletes are given information as to whether the knee brace will hinder their ability. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a functional derotational knee brace on the single leg hop for distance, timed hop, and overall stability index of athletes. Twelve healthy knees were tested with and with out an off-the-shelf DonJoy Legend knee brace. A matched T-test showed a significant difference between the single leg hop (T = 2.71, p<.05) and timed hop (T=3.23, p<.05) while wearing the knee brace. There was no significance found when examining the stability index while wearing the brace. It was concluded that the functional knee brace decreased the distance of a single leg hop and increased the time it took to perform a timed hop.

Influence Of Examiner Experience On Interrater Reliability Using The Kt2000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer, Michelle Ann Phelan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The KT-2000 knee ligament arthrometer is frequently used by clinicians in determining the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament. Researchers have questioned the reliability in using this device in reporting reliable results. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of examiner experience in using the K^T-2000 knee ligament arthrometer. Thirteen subjects (age=22-45) were recruited on a voluntary basis for this study. The KT-2000 knee ligament arthrometer was used to measure anterior-posrtior laxity for each patient. Results were measured at 15 and 20 pounds of force for right and left knees. A multiple linear regression ANOVA was used …

The Cardiovascular And Metabolic Adaptations To Iso-Caloric Moderate Intensity And High Intensity Exercise, Summerson Desmond

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the industrialized nations, and accounts for 1 million deaths in the United States each year (McArdle, Katch & Katch, 1991). One of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease is physical inactivity, which is a behavioral modified risk factor. Physical inactivity plagues 59% of the people in the United States (ACSM Resource Manual, 1998). Physical inactivity often leads to obesity, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholemia, and places sedentary individuals at more risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), or coronary heart disease (CHD). The question which remains unclear is the quantity and quality of …

A Cross-Validation Of The Marshall University Step Test On College Males And Females Age 18-24, Mary Robin Hampton

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Positive health entails more than the absence of disease; it is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being (Hartung, Krock, Crandall, Bisson, & Myhre, 1993; Payne & Hahn, 1995). Physical fitness, as described by Francis (1987), is the potential for making adequate functional adjustments to increased metabolic demands. Cardiorespiratory fitness (aerobic fitness) is believed to be the single best indicator of physical fitness (Astrand & Rodale, 1985). The standard index of cardiorespiratory fitness is maximum oxygen uptake (VO^^), or the maximum rate at which oxygen can be consumed. VO2max is dependent upon the cardiovascular system’s ability to deliver blood …

The Effect Of Tape And Neoprene Ankle Supports On Balance In Athletes With Injured Ankles, Tara Michelle Gerlach

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Injuries to the ankle joint are among the most common in athletics (Feuerbach et al., 1994; Gross, 1987). As clinicians, it is important to investigate various factors which could potentially reduce the occurrence of ankle injuries. One such actors is an improvement in proprioception (Cox et al., 1993; Glencross & Thornton, 1994). A suggested method for improving proprioception in the ankle is application of an external support, such as tape or a brace (Feuerbach et al. , 1994; Karlsson & Andreasson, 1992 ) . This study compared the proprioceptive abilities of the ankle under three conditions: unsupported, taped, and using …