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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Genetically Encoded Atp Biosensors For Direct Monitoring Of Cellular Atp Dynamics, Donnell White, Qinglin Yang
Genetically Encoded Atp Biosensors For Direct Monitoring Of Cellular Atp Dynamics, Donnell White, Qinglin Yang
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Adenosine 5′-triphosphate, or ATP, is the primary molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. ATP is mainly produced via oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, and to a lesser extent, via glycolysis in the cytosol. In general, cytosolic glycolysis is the primary ATP producer in proliferative cells or cells subjected to hypoxia. On the other hand, mitochondria produce over 90% of cellular ATP in differentiated cells under normoxic conditions. Under pathological conditions, ATP demand rises to meet the needs of biosynthesis for cellular repair, signaling transduction for stress responses, and biochemical processes. These changes affect how mitochondria and cytosolic glycolysis function …
Alcohol Impairs Immunometabolism And Promotes Naïve T Cell Differentiation To Pro-Inflammatory Th1 Cd4+ T Cells, Patrick M. Mcternan, Danielle E. Levitt, David A. Welsh, Liz Simon, Robert W. Siggins, Patricia E. Molina
Alcohol Impairs Immunometabolism And Promotes Naïve T Cell Differentiation To Pro-Inflammatory Th1 Cd4+ T Cells, Patrick M. Mcternan, Danielle E. Levitt, David A. Welsh, Liz Simon, Robert W. Siggins, Patricia E. Molina
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
CD4+ T cell differentiation to pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive subsets depends on immunometabolism. Pro-inflammatory CD4+ subsets rely on glycolysis, while immunosuppressive Treg cells require functional mitochondria for their differentiation and function. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that ethanol (EtOH) administration increases pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cell subsets; whether this shift in immunophenotype is linked to alterations in CD4+ T cell metabolism had not been previously examined. The objective of this study was to determine whether ethanol alters CD4+ immunometabolism, and whether this affects CD4+ T cell differentiation. Naïve human CD4+ T cells were plated on anti-CD3 coated plates with soluble anti-CD28, and …