Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exercise Improves Endothelial Function Associated With Alleviated Inflammation And Oxidative Stress Of Perivascular Adipose Tissue In Type 2 Diabetic Mice, Jinju Wang, Venkata Polaki, Shuzhen Chen, Ji Chen Bihl, Pasquale Pagliaro

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), a type of adipose tissue that surrounds the blood vessels, has been considered an active component of the blood vessel walls and involved in vascular homeostasis. Recent evidence shows that increased inflammation and oxidative stress in PVAT contribute to endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Exercise is an important nonpharmacological approach for vascular diseases. However, there is limited information regarding whether the beneficial effects of exercise on vascular function is related to the PVAT status. In this study, we investigated whether exercise can decrease oxidative stress and inflammation of PVAT and promote the improvement of …

The Effect Of Dietary Nitrate And Vitamin C On Endothelial Function, Oxidative Stress And Blood Lipids In Untreated Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study, Reem Basaqr, Michealia Skleres, Rani Jayswal, D. Travis Thomas

Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Vitamin C may enhance nitric oxide (NO) production through stepwise reduction of dietary nitrate (NO₃) to nitrite (NO₂) to NO. The combined effect of vitamin C and NO₃ supplementation is relatively unexplored in untreated hypercholesterolemia.

AIMS: We aimed to examine whether co-administration of vitamin C and nitrate for 4-weeks would improve endothelial function (primary outcome), plasma NO metabolites, oxidative stress, and blood lipids (secondary outcomes).

METHODS: Subjects 50–70 years of age with low density lipoprotein (LDL) > 130 mg/dL and RHI ≤ 2 were enrolled in this randomized double-blind crossover study. Subjects were assigned to …

Neuronal Calcium Imaging, Excitability, And Plasticity Changes In The Aldh2-/- Mouse Model Of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease, Adam O. Ghoweri, Peter Gagolewicz, Hilaree N. Frazier, John C. Gant, R. David Andrew, Brian M. Bennett, Olivier Thibault

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Dysregulated signaling in neurons and astrocytes participates in pathophysiological alterations seen in the Alzheimer's disease brain, including increases in amyloid-β, hyperphosphorylated tau, inflammation, calcium dysregulation, and oxidative stress. These are often noted prior to the development of behavioral, cognitive, and non-cognitive deficits. However, the extent to which these pathological changes function together or independently is unclear.

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the temporal relationship between calcium dysregulation and oxidative stress, as some reports suggest that dysregulated calcium promotes increased formation of reactive oxygen species, while others support the opposite. Prior work has quantified several key outcome measures associated with …

Aluminum Reproductive Toxicity: A Summary And Interpretation Of Scientific Reports, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Publications addressing aluminum (Al)-induced reproductive toxicity were reviewed. Key details were compiled in summary tables. Approximate systemic Al exposure, a measure of bioavailability, was calculated for each exposure, based on the Al percentage in the dosed Al species, Al bioavailability, and absorption time course reports for the exposure route. This was limited to laboratory animal studies because no controlled-exposure human studies were found. Intended Al exposure was compared to unintended dietary Al exposure. The considerable and variable Al content of laboratory animal diets creates uncertainty about reproductive function in the absence of Al. Aluminum-induced reproductive toxicity in female mice and …

Neurotoxicity Of Isomers Of The Environmental Toxin L-Bmaa, Thomas Schneider, Catherine Simpson, Prachi Desai, Madeleine Tucker, Doug Lobner

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

There is evidence that the environmental toxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (L-BMAA) may be involved in neurodegenerative diseases. However, a number of controversies exist regarding L-BMAA, one of which is the possibility that when assaying for L-BMAA, its isomers are being detected instead. There are at least four isomers of BMAA that are known to occur: L-BMAA, β-N-methylamino-D-alanine (D-BMAA), 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB), and N-(2-aminoethyl)glycine (AEG). The fact that isomers of BMAA exist in nature also leads to the possibility that they are involved in toxicity. We set out to determine both the potency and the mechanism of toxicity of L-BMAA, D-BMAA, DAB, and …

The Bach1/Nrf2 Axis In Brain In Down Syndrome And Transition To Alzheimer Disease-Like Neuropathology And Dementia, Marzia Perluigi, Antonella Tramutola, Sara Pagnotta, Eugenio Barone, D. Allan Butterfield

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability that is associated with an increased risk to develop early-onset Alzheimer-like dementia (AD). The brain neuropathological features include alteration of redox homeostasis, mitochondrial deficits, inflammation, accumulation of both amyloid beta-peptide oligomers and senile plaques, as well as aggregated hyperphosphorylated tau protein-containing neurofibrillary tangles, among others. It is worth mentioning that some of the triplicated genes encoded are likely to cause increased oxidative stress (OS) conditions that are also associated with reduced cellular responses. Published studies from our laboratories propose that increased oxidative damage occurs early in life in …

Therapeutic Efficacy Of Antioxidants In Ameliorating Obesity Phenotype And Associated Comorbidities, Steven Tun, Caleb James Spainhower, Cameron Lee Cottrill, Hari Vishal Lakhani, Sneha S. Pillai, Anum Dilip, Hibba Chaudhry, Joseph I. Shapiro, Komal Sodhi

Pharmacology, Physiology and Toxicology

Obesity has been a worldwide epidemic for decades. Despite the abundant increase in knowledge regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity, the prevalence continues to rise with estimates predicting considerably higher numbers by the year 2030. Obesity is characterized by an abnormal lipid accumulation, however, the physiological consequences of obesity are far more concerning. The development of the obesity phenotype constitutes dramatic alterations in adipocytes, along with several other cellular mechanisms which causes substantial increase in systemic oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). These alterations promote a chronic state of inflammation in the body caused by the redox …

Role Of Oxidative Stress And Altered Thyroid Hormones In Unexplained Infertility, Rehana Rehman, Hiba Ismail Rajpar, Mussarat Ashraf, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Salima Lalani, Faiza Alam

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To explore the link between altered thyroid profile and oxidative stress marker in females with unexplained infertility.
Methods: The cross-sectional case-control study was carried out at the Islamabad Clinic Serving Infertile Couples, Islamabad, Pakistan, from June 2016 to August 2017, and comprised women aged 18-40 years regardless of ethnic background who were divided into two groups; those with unexplained infertility were the cases, while fertile women acted as the controls. Serum was analysed for triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone as well as for oxidative stress markers including manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and adrenaline using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. …

Deacetylation Of Hsd17b10 By Sirt3 Regulates Cell Growth And Cell Resistance Under Oxidative And Starvation Stresses., Lu Liu, Shuaiyi Chen, Miao Yu, Chenxu Ge, Mengmeng Ren, Boya Liu, Xin Yang, Thomas W Christian, Ya-Ming Hou, Junhua Zou, Wei-Guo Zhu, Jianyuan Luo

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 10 (HSD17B10) plays an important role in mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism and is also involved in mitochondrial tRNA maturation. HSD17B10 missense mutations cause HSD10 mitochondrial disease (HSD10MD). HSD17B10 with mutations identified from cases of HSD10MD show loss of function in dehydrogenase activity and mitochondrial tRNA maturation, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. It has also been implicated to play roles in the development of Alzheimer disease (AD) and tumorigenesis. Here, we found that HSD17B10 is a new substrate of NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3). HSD17B10 is acetylated at lysine residues K79, K99 and K105 by the acetyltransferase CBP, and the …

Repeatedly Heated Mix Vegetable Oils-Induced Atherosclerosis And Effects Of Murraya Koenigii, Gul Ambreen, Afshan Siddiq, Kashif Hussain, Abdul Saboor Hussain, Zara Naz

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Statins are considered as standard drugs to control cholesterol levels, but their use is also associated with renal hypertrophy, hemorrhagic stroke, hepatomegaly, and myopathy. Murraya koenigii is an herb that is used in traditional cuisine and as a medicine in South Asia. Here we assessed the antidyslipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effects of this spice in repeated heated mix vegetable oils (RHMVO)-induced atherosclerotic models.
Methods: Aqueous extract of M. koenigii leaves (Mk LE) was prepared and its phytoconstituents were determined. Rabbits were divided into 5 groups (n = 10). Except for the control group, all the other four groups were treated …

Correlation Of Blood Oxidative Stress Parameters To Indoor Radiofrequency Radiation: A Cross Sectional Study In Jordan, Yazan Akkam, Ahmed A. Al-Taani, Salam Ayasreh, Abeer Almutairi, Nosaibah Akkam

All Works

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: Electromagnetic pollution is a general health concern worldwide, as cell phone towers are ubiquitous and are located adjacent to or on the roof of schools, and hospitals. However, the health risks are still inconclusive. This cross-sectional study evaluated the potential effect of electromagnetic radiation generated from various resources including cell phone towers on blood glutathione S transferase activity (e-GST) and total antioxidant activity of the Jordanian population. Methods: The power density of three districts in the city of Irbid, Jordan was mapped to generate “outside the houses” and “inside the …

Plant-Derived Natural Biomolecule Picein Attenuates Menadione Induced Oxidative Stress On Neuroblastoma Cell Mitochondria, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Anupam Dhasmana, Shruti Shandilya, Neeraj Prabhakar, Ahmed Shaukat, Jinze Dou, Jessica M. Rosenholm, Tapani Vuorinen, Janne Ruokolainen

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Several bioactive compounds are in use for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Historically, willow (salix sp.) bark has been an important source of salisylic acid and other natural compounds with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. Among these, picein isolated from hot water extract of willow bark, has been found to act as a natural secondary metabolite antioxidant. The aim of this study was to investigate the unrevealed pharmacological action of picein. In silico studies were utilized to direct the investigation towards the neuroprotection abilities of picein. Our in vitro studies demonstrate the neuroprotective properties …

The Short Variant Of Optic Atrophy 1 (Opa1) Improves Cell Survival Under Oxidative Stress., Hakjoo Lee, Sylvia B Smith, Shey-Shing Sheu, Yisang Yoon

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a dynamin protein that mediates mitochondrial fusion at the inner membrane. OPA1 is also necessary for maintaining the cristae and thus essential for supporting cellular energetics. OPA1 exists as membrane-anchored long form (L-OPA1) and short form (S-OPA1) that lacks the transmembrane region and is generated by cleavage of L-OPA1. Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular stresses activate the inner membrane-associated zinc metallopeptidase OMA1 that cleaves L-OPA1, causing S-OPA1 accumulation. The prevailing notion has been that L-OPA1 is the functional form, whereas S-OPA1 is an inactive cleavage product in mammals, and that stress-induced OPA1 cleavage causes mitochondrial fragmentation …

Herbal Antioxidants And Renal Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury; An Updated Review, Masoumeh Asgharpour, Audrey C. Tolouian, Lakkakula Vks Bhaskar, Ramin Tolouian, Nilofar Massoudi

Nursing Faculty Publications

Renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) is a pathological condition due to transient restriction of blood flow to the kidneys, which is followed by the subsequent recovery of perfusion and re-oxygenation. RIR injury contributes to the progression of renal dysfunction including acute kidney injury (AKI) in native and renal allograft transplant. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during oxidative stress contributes to the occurrence of RIR. Hence, the use of antioxidant compounds can improve oxidative stress due to RIR. This review highlights herbal antioxidant efficacy against RIR injury. The findings of this study indicate that antioxidant compounds with herbal origin could reduce …

Association Of Long-Term Consumption Of Repeatedly Heated Mix Vegetable Oils In Different Doses And Hepatic Toxicity Through Fat Accumulation, Gul Ambreen, Afshan Siddiq, Kashif Hussain

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Hepatic diseases are one of the chief reasons for worldwide morbidity and mortality. The increased incidence in Asian countries is driving researchers to explore preventive ways from nature. It is more practical to go with healthy routine edibles like vegetable oils to avoid environmental and chemical hepatic injuries. With the use of thermally oxidized oils overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with overwhelmed cellular antioxidants defense system results in oxidative stress, the known cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Little is investigated about the effect of daily used oxidized cooking oils on hepatic function changes with …

Randomized Clinical Trial Of The Effect Of Oral Supplementation With N-Acetyl Cysteine And Glycine On Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress And Inflammation In People Living With Hiv (Plwh) From The Mash Cohort, Alhanoof Al-Ohaly

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

HIV infection has been associated with glutathione (GSH) depletion, oxidatively damaged DNA, and inflammation. People living with HIV (PLWH) have subnormal levels of GSH and elevated levels of inflammation biomarkers such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Failure of the antioxidant enzymatic system increases oxidatively damaged DNA. The objective of this double-blinded randomized clinical trial was to supplement PLWH with a combination of N-acetylcysteine, a powerful antioxidant, and glycine, a precursor of GSH or placebo for three months to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation.

The trial recruited 30 PLWH from the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) cohort at the FIU Research …

Quench Assisted (Quest) Mri Used As A Novel Approach To Identify Reactive Oxygen Species As A Result Of Experimental Tbi, Ethan M. Cohen, Eric Chang, Michael C. Schneider, Abigail Teitelbaum, Alexander R. Woznicki, Rachel E. Godfrey, Robert H. Podolsky, Karen L. Childers, Robin Roberts, Bruce A. Berkowitz, Kelly E. Bosse, Alana C. Conti

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting inflammatory processes and impeding TBI recovery. Within the VA population, over 70% of military personnel that sustain a TBI receive opioid-based pain relief, however, opiates may actually exacerbate post-TBI complications through its documented recruitment of oxidative and inflammatory systems. Thus, we hypothesize that TBI and opioid treatment act synergistically to worsen post-TBI oxidative stress.

Methods:

Mice were exposed to either TBI or sham injury and administered morphine or saline in the acute post-injury period. Afterwards, neuroimaging was conducted using a novel technique, QUEnch assiSTed (QUEST) MRI, which compares standard …

Evaluating The Anti-Cancer Efficacy Of A Synthetic Curcumin Analog On Human Melanoma Cells And Its Interaction With Standard Chemotherapeutics, Krishan Parashar, Siddhartha Sood, Ali Mehaidli, Colin Curran, Caleb Vegh, Christopher Nguyen, Christopher Pignanelli, Jianzhang Wu, Guang Liang, Yi Wang, Siyaram Pandey

Medical Student Research Symposium

Melanoma is the leading cause of skin-cancer related deaths in North America. Metastatic melanoma is difficult to treat and chemotherapies have limited success. Furthermore, chemotherapies lead to toxic side effects due to nonselective targeting of normal cells. Curcumin is a natural product of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and has been shown to possess anti-cancer activity. However, due to its poor bioavailability and stability, natural curcumin is not an effective cancer treatment. We tested synthetic analogs of curcumin that are more stable. One of these derivatives, Compound A, has shown significant anti-cancer efficacy in colon, leukemia, and triple-negative inflammatory breast cancer cells. …

In Vitro And In Vivo Effects Of Flavonoids On Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Paramita Basu, Arpita Basu

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Neuropathic pain is a common symptom and is associated with an impaired quality of life. It is caused by the lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. Neuropathic pain syndromes can be subdivided into two categories: central and peripheral neuropathic pain. The present review highlights the peripheral neuropathic models, including spared nerve injury, spinal nerve ligation, partial sciatic nerve injury, diabetes-induced neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, chronic constriction injury, and related conditions. The drugs which are currently used to attenuate peripheral neuropathy, such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, baclofen, and clonidine, are associated with adverse side effects. These negative side effects necessitate the investigation …

Oxidative Stress And Male Infertility: A Cross Sectional Study, Rehana Rehman, Sofia Amjad, Hemaila Tariq, Nida Zahid, Masnoon Akhter, Mussarat Ashraf

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To compare stress markers and antioxidants in fertile and infertile males, and to explore their effects on reproductive hormones and fertility.
Methods: The cross-sectional case-control study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2018 at the Islamabad Clinic Serving Infertile Couples, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised male subjects aged 25-55 years. Infertile subjects were the cases, while healthy fertile males acted as the controls. Stress hormones cortisol and adrenaline and antioxidants glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 376 subjects, 241(64%) were cases and 135(36%) were controls. …

Disparate Central And Peripheral Effects Of Circulating Igf-1 Deficiency On Tissue Mitochondrial Function, Gavin Pharaoh, Daniel Owen, Alexander Yeganeh, Pavithra Premkumar, Julie Farley, Shylesh Bhaskaran, Nicole Ashpole, Michael Kinter, Holly Van Remmen, Sreemathi Logan

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2019, The Author(s). Age-related decline in circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is associated with reduced cognitive function, neuronal aging, and neurodegeneration. Decreased mitochondrial function along with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and accumulation of damaged macromolecules are hallmarks of cellular aging. Based on numerous studies indicating pleiotropic effects of IGF-1 during aging, we compared the central and peripheral effects of circulating IGF-1 deficiency on tissue mitochondrial function using an inducible liver IGF-1 knockout (LID). Circulating levels of IGF-1 (~ 75%) were depleted in adult male Igf1f/f mice via AAV-mediated knockdown of hepatic IGF-1 at 5 months of …

Extracellular Vesicles From Human Papilloma Virus-Infected Cervical Cancer Cells Enhance Hiv-1 Replication In Differentiated U1 Cell Line, Sabina Ranjit, Sunitha Kodidela, Namita Sinha, Subhash C. Chauhan, Santosh Kumar

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

In the current study, we hypothesized that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from human papilloma virus (HPV)-infected cervical cancer cells exacerbate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in differentiated U1 cell line through an oxidative stress pathway. To test the hypothesis, we treated an HIV-1-infected macrophage cell line (U1) with HPV-infected Caski cell culture supernatant (CCS). We observed a significant increase in HIV-1 replication, which was associated with an increase in the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYPs 1A1 and 2A6) in the CCS-treated U1 cells. Furthermore, we isolated EVs from CCS (CCS-EVs), which showed the presence of CYPs (1A1, 2A6), superoxide dismutase …

Hydrogen Sulfide And Carnosine: Modulation Of Oxidative Stress And Inflammation In Kidney And Brain Axis, Vittorio Calabrese, Maria Scuto, Angela Trovato Salinao, Giuseppe Dionisio, Sergio Modafferi, Maria Laura Ontario, Valentina Greco, Sebastiano Sciuto, Claus Peter Schmitt, Edward Calabrese Ph.D., Verena Peters

Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Emerging evidence indicates that the dysregulation of cellular redox homeostasis and chronic inflammatory processes are implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney and brain disorders. In this light, endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) exert cytoprotective actions through the modulation of redox-dependent resilience pathways during oxidative stress and inflammation. Several recent studies have elucidated a functional crosstalk occurring between kidney and the brain. The pathophysiological link of this crosstalk is represented by oxidative stress and inflammatory processes which contribute to the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, and dementia during the natural history of chronic kidney …

Competing Reproductive And Physiological Investments In An All‑Female Lizard, The Colorado Checkered Whiptail, Lise M. Aubry, Spencer B. Hudson, Bryan M. Kluever, Alison C. Webb, Susannah S. French

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Organisms in the wild have to allocate limited resources towards competing functions such as reproduction, growth, and self-maintenance. These competing investments create significant changes in physiological activity, and we still know little about the relationship between physiological activity and reproductive investment in natura. We investigated trade-offs between physiological activity and reproductive investment in the parthenogenetic Colorado checkered whiptail, Aspidoscelis neotesselata, across three different sites at the US Army Fort Carson Military Installation near Colorado Springs, CO, through-out the reproductive season in 2018 and 2019. We measured clutch size and reproductive activity and quantified plasma corticosterone (CORT), reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), …

A Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial Investigating The Short-Term Effects Of Different Types Of Vegetables On Vascular And Metabolic Function In Middle-Aged And Older Adults With Mildly Elevated Blood Pressure: The Vegetables For Vascular Health (Vessel) Study Protocol, Emma Connolly, Catherine P. Bondonno, Marc Sim, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Kevin D. Croft, Mary C. Boyce, Anthony P. James, Karin Clark, Reindolf Anokye, Nicola P. Bondonno, Richard Woodman, Amanda Devine, Seng Khee Gan, Carl J. Schultz, Richard F. Mithen, Joshua Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is recommended for cardiovascular health. However, the majority of Australians do not consume the recommended number of vegetable servings each day. Furthermore, intakes of vegetables considered to have the greatest cardiovascular benefit are often very low. Results from prospective observational studies indicate that a higher consumption of cruciferous vegetables (e.g. broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower) is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. This may be due to the presence of specific nutrients and bioactive compounds found almost exclusively, or at relatively high levels, in cruciferous vegetables. Therefore, the aim of this randomised controlled crossover trial …

Arsenic Exposure And Methylation Efficiency In Relation To Oxidative Stress In Semiconductor Workers, Chih-Hong Pan, Ching-Yu Lin, Ching-Huang Lai, Hueiwang Anna Jeng

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

This study examined associations between oxidative stress and arsenic (As) exposure and methylation efficiency in semiconductor workers. An As-exposed group (n = 427) and a control group (n = 91) were included. The As-exposure group (n = 427) included 149 maintenance staff members and 278 production staff members representing high As exposure and low As exposure, respectively. The control group included 91 administrative staff members with no or minimal As exposure. An occupational exposure assessment was conducted to assess personal As exposure by measuring As concentrations in urine, hair, and fingernails of the subjects. Urinary As(III), As(V), monomethylarsonic (MMA), and …

Bioenergetic Functions In Subpopulations Of Heart Mitochondria Are Preserved In A Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model (Goto-Kakizaki), Nicola Lai, C. M. Kummitha, F. Loy, R. Isola, C. L. Hoppel

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A distinct bioenergetic impairment of heart mitochondrial subpopulations in diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with obesity; however, many type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with high-risk for cardiovascular disease are not obese. In the absence of obesity, it is unclear whether bioenergetic function in the subpopulations of mitochondria is affected in heart with T2DM. To address this issue, a rat model of non-obese T2DM was used to study heart mitochondrial energy metabolism, measuring bioenergetics and enzyme activities of the electron transport chain (ETC). Oxidative phosphorylation in the presence of substrates for ETC and ETC activities in both populations of heart mitochondria in …