Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Are Unhygienic Practices During The Menstrual, Partum And Postpartum Periods Risk Factors For Secondary Infertility?, Tazeen S. Ali, Neelofar Sami, Ali Khan Khuwaja

School of Nursing & Midwifery

This study was aimed at identifying practices during the menstrual, partum and postpartum periods posing possible risk factors contributing towards secondary infertility in women of a selected population in Karachi, Pakistan. A matched case-control study was conducted from April 2003 to March 2004. Four hundred cases were selected from five infertility clinics affiliated with tertiary-care hospitals, and 400 age-matched controls were recruited from the neighbourhood of each case. After taking written consents, trained interviewers conducted interviews using a pretested structured questionnaire. Factors found to be independently associated with secondary infertility were: previous delivery at an unclean place (adjusted odds ratio …

Lesson Of The Week: Alcohol Hand Rubs - Hygiene And Hazard, J.R.H Archer, David M. Wood, Zoe Tizzard, Alison L. Jones, Paul I. Dargan

Graduate School of Medicine - Papers (Archive)

Hospital acquired infections are common and increase morbidity, mortality, and length of stay. The benefit of hand washing has been highlighted, and studies have shown that alcohol hand rub is significantly better than soap in reducing hand contamination. In 2004, NHS trusts were advised to introduce “near patient” alcohol based hand rubs (for example, attached beds and at entrances to wards) by April 2005.

With the widespread introduction of these hand rubs, risk assessments were made for the possibility of fire and ingestion. Although alcohol hand rub is flammable, no incidents involving fire have occurred. The risk of ingestion was …