Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Perceptions And Misperceptions About Burnout: Implications For Burnout Prevention In Mental, Marieke Ledingham

Medical Conference Papers

Burnout has long been a problem in mental health workplaces and remains so despite much research and considerable knowledge of it amongst professional employees. This paper will address this paradox by outlining the findings of a study on mental health workers’ perceptions and beliefs about burnout.

Losing Hope: Mental Health And Religious Service Non-Attendance In Australia, Edward Kyle Waters, Helena Mary Millard, Zelda Doyle

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Religious beliefs and practices are related to mental health. Many individuals report a religious affiliation, but do not have specific religious beliefs or practices such as attending religious services. These non-attendees are often assumed to resemble the non-religious, but are poorly studied. This study explored the demographic characteristics and mental health outcomes associated with being a non-attendee using data from a nationally representative Australian sample. Non-attendees were more likely to be non-Christian than attendees at religious services. They had worse mental health than both non-religious individuals and attendees, especially compared to the non-religious. Whether non-attendance is a result of or …

Breast And Prostate Cancer Survivor Responses To Group Exercise And Supportive Group Psychotherapy, Eric Martin, Caroline Bulsara, Claudio Battaglini, Beth Hands, Fiona L. Naumann

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

This study qualitatively examined an 8 week group exercise and counseling intervention for breast and prostate cancer survivors. Groups exercised 3 days per week, 50 minutes per session, performing moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training. Groups also underwent 90 minute supportive group psychotherapy sessions once per week. Survivors discussed their experiences in focus groups post intervention. Transcripts were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Survivors described how exercise facilitated counseling by creating mutual aid and trust, and counseling helped participants with self-identity, sexuality, and returning to normalcy. When possible, counselors and fitness professionals should create partnerships to optimally support cancer survivors.

Assessment Of Fundamental Movement Skills In Australian Children: The Validation Of A Fundamental Motor Skills Quotient (Fmsq), Beth Hands, Fleur Mcintyre

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: The development of proficient fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children is important for physical, cognitive and social development, and to establish a foundation for an active lifestyle. Many teachers, coaches and physical activity program deliverers use real time observation of individual skill performances during physical activities to assess proficiency in young children. However, a valid method to quantify these observations to provide an overall motor competence is not available.

Design: A small pilot validation study using the Bland Altman method to compare scores on the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND) and a Fundamental Movement Skill Quotient (FMSQ) (M …

The Impact Of Maternal Gestational Stress On Motor Development In Late Childhood And Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study, Tegan Grace, Max Bulsara, Monique Robinson, Beth Hands

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

The number and timing of stressors experienced during pregnancy were investigated using longitudinal data from the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Study cohort (N = 2,900). Motor development data were collected at 10 (n = 1,622), 14 (n = 1,584), and 17 (n = 1,222) years using the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development. Linear mixed models were used to examine the effect of stress on motor development, accounting for repeated measures. Number of stressful events and mean Neuromuscular Development Index were negatively related (β = −1.197, p = .001). Stressful events experienced in late pregnancy were negatively related with offspring motor …

Pathway Efficiency And Relative Age In The Australian Football League Talent Pathway, Ashley Cripps, Luke S. Hopper, Christopher Joyce, James Veale

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Sporting bodies invest substantial resources into the identification and development of talented junior athletes. However, low retention of junior athletes into senior competition has been reported. One mechanism affecting retention may be selections biased by relative age. This study examined the pathway involvement and birth distribution of athletes (n=2519) selected into the Australian Football League Talent Pathway, over six seasons. Only half of athletes selected into professional teams had any involvement in the talent pathway. Birth distributions at every pathway stage were biased towards relatively older athletes, with relatively older athletes more likely to be de-selected as the pathway progressed. …

What Are Talent Scouts Actually Identifying? Investigating The Physical And Technical Skill Match Activity Profiles Of Drafted And Non-Drafted U18 Australian Footballers, Carl T. Woods, Christopher Joyce, Sam Robertson

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: To compare the physical and technical skill match activity profiles of drafted and non-drafted under 18 (U18) Australian football (AF) players.

Design: Cross-sectional observational.

Methods: In-game physical and skill variables were assessed for U18 AF players participating within the 2013 and 2014 National U18 AFL Championships. Players originated from one State Academy (n = 55). Ten games were analysed; resulting in 183 observations. Players were sub-divided into two groups; drafted / non-drafted. Microtechnology and a commercial statistical provider allowed the quantification of total distance (m), relative distance (m.min-1), high speed running distance (> 15km.hr-1), high speed running expressed as …

Does Motor Competence Affect Self-Perceptions Differently For Adolescent Males And Females?, Elizabeth Rose, Dawne Larkin, Helen Parker, Beth Hands

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Little is understood about the impact of level of motor competence on self-perceptions in adolescence, in particular how this may differentially affect girls and boys. A sample of 1,568 14-year-old participants (766 girls and 802 boys) were grouped into four motor competence levels (very low to high) based on the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND). Self-perceptions were assessed using the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents. Boys had higher self-perceptions of global self-worth, athletic competence, and physical appearance, whereas girls had higher scores for close friendships and behavioral conduct. Main effects in the predicted direction were found for motor competence for …

Gender And Motor Competence Affects Perceived Likelihood And Importance Of Physical Activity Outcomes Among 14 Year Olds, Beth Hands, Helen Parker, Elizabeth Rose, Dawn Larkin

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Little is understood about the impact of level of motor competence on self-perceptions in adolescence, in particular how this may differentially affect girls and boys. A sample of 1,568 14-year-old participants (766 girls and 802 boys) were grouped into four motor competence levels (very low to high) based on the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND). Self-perceptions were assessed using the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents. Boys had higher self-perceptions of global self-worth, athletic competence, and physical appearance, whereas girls had higher scores for close friendships and behavioral conduct. Main effects in the predicted direction were found for motor competence for …

Empowerment Of Young People Who Have A Parent Living With Dementia: A Social Model Perspective, Karen Hutchinson, Chris Roberts, Michele Daly, Caroline Bulsara, Susan Kurrle

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: Socially constructed disablement has marginalised young people in families where a parent has younger onset dementia (YOD). This has contributed to inadequate societal support for their complex situation. Impacts on such young people include significant involvement with mental health services for themselves. In this paper we explored the young people’s lived experiences in these families and the influencing factors to enable these young people to be included and supported within their community.

Methods: In this qualitative research study the social model of disability was used as the theoretical framework in conducting a thematic analysis of interviews with 12 participants. …

"We Are All One Together": Peer Educators' Views About Falls Prevention Education For Community-Dwelling Older Adults - A Qualitative Study, Linda Khong, Fiona Farringdon, Keith D. Hill, Anne-Marie Hill

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Falls are common in older people. Despite strong evidence for effective falls prevention strategies, there appears to be limited translation of these strategies from research to clinical practice. Use of peers in delivering falls prevention education messages has been proposed to improve uptake of falls prevention strategies and facilitate translation to practice. Volunteer peer educators often deliver educational presentations on falls prevention to community-dwelling older adults. However, research evaluating the effectiveness of peer-led education approaches in falls prevention has been limited and no known study has evaluated such a program from the perspective of peer educators involved in delivering …

Dosimetry, Clinical Factors And Medication Intake Influencing Urinary Symptoms After Prostate Radiotherapy: An Analysis Of Data From The Radar Prostate Radiotherapy Trial, Noorazrul Yahya, Martin A. Ebert, Max Bulsara, Annette Haworth, Angel Kennedy, David J. Joseph, Jim W. Denham

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose/Objective: To identify dosimetry, clinical factors and medication intake impacting urinary symptoms after prostate radiotherapy.

Material and Methods: Data describing clinical factors and bladder dosimetry (reduced with principal component (PC) analysis) for 754 patients treated with external beam radiotherapy accrued by TROG 03.04 RADAR prostate radiotherapy trial were available for analysis. Urinary symptoms (frequency, incontinence, dysuria and haematuria) were prospectively assessed using LENT-SOMA to a median of 72 months. The endpoints assessed were prevalence (grade≥1) at the end of radiotherapy (representing acute symptoms), at 18-, 36- and 54-month follow-ups (representing late symptoms) and peak late incidence including only grade≥2. Impact …

The Role Of The Nef Protein In Mhc-I Downregulation And Viral Immune Evasion By Hiv-1, Hannah Elliott, Gerard F. Hoyne

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

The Nef protein is a major determinant of pathogenicity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is encoded by the nef gene within the genomes of primate lentiviruses HIV-1, HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The HIV Nef protein subverts the intracellular membrane traffic to mediate endocytosis of a number of cell surface receptors to accelerate their degradation. In this review we will examine how the multifunctional Nef can mediate down regulation of the Major histocompatibility Complex (MHC) I complex proteins from the surface of infected cells as a means of immune evasion by HIV. By selectively downregulating MHC-I …

A Cochrane Systematic Review Of Physiotherapy For Pain And Disability In Adults With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Crps), Keith M. Smart, Benedict Wand, Neil E. O'Connell

Physiotherapy Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Tens) For Neuropathic Pain In Adults (Protocol), William Gibson, Benedict Wand, Neil E. O'Connell

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:

To determine the analgesic effectiveness of TENS versus placebo (sham) TENS, TENS versus usual care, TENS versus no treatment and TENS in addition to usual care versus usual care alone in the management of neuropathic pain in adults.

Meningitis Or Septicaemia In A Backpacker?, Sascha Fulde, Gordian Fulde

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Negative blood test results for meningitis but positive for Staphylococcus aureus in a young patient with suspected meningitis and a recent joint injury led to a diagnosis of staphylococcal septicaemia with septic arthritis as the source of the infection.

Recurrent Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia As A Cause Of Morning Fatigue In Treated Addison’S Disease – Favourable Response To Dietary Management: A Case Report, Kristina S. Petersen, R Louise Rushworth, Peter M. Clifton, David J. Torphy

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Addison’s disease, or primary adrenal insufficiency, is often associated with reduced well-being and fatigue despite use of currently recommended adrenal hormone replacement. Hypoglycaemia is a known manifestation of glucocorticoid deficiency, but is generally considered rare in adults and not relevant to troubling ongoing symptoms in patients with Addison’s disease.

Case presentation: A 43 year old woman with a three year history of Addison’s disease complained of severe morning fatigue and headaches, despite standard glucocorticoid replacement therapy in the form of thrice daily hydrocortisone and mineralocorticoid replacement with fludrocortisone. Alternative glucocorticoid replacement regimens and the addition of dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy …

General Practice Registrars’ Intentions For Future Practice: Implications For Rural Medical Workforce Planning, C Harding, A Seal, J Mcgirr, T Caton

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

The models of practice that general practice registrars (GPRs) envisage undertaking will affect workforce supply. The aim of this research was to determine practice intentions of current GPRs in a regional general practice training program (Coast City Country General Practice Training). Questionnaires were circulated to 220 GPRs undertaking general practice placements to determine characteristics of ideal practice models and intentions for future practice. Responses were received for 99 participants (45%). Current GPRs intend to work an average of less than eight half-day sessions/week, with male participants intending to work more hours (t(91) = 3.528, P = 0.001). More than one-third …

Experience Of A Tutor Centric Model For Sonography Training Of Emergency Department Registrars In An Australian Urban Emergency Department 2009–2012, Greg Sweetman, Mark Fear, Kathryn Hird

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose: To assess the impact of a regular sonographer proctored training program for emergency medicine trainees in the use of Emergency Department bedside ultrasound

Methods: Emergency Department (ED) Registrars in the Swan District Hospital ED were provided with proctored instruction in bedside ultrasound in performance of extended focused assessment sonography in trauma (eFAST) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) detection. Training was conducted by credentialed sonographers for individual trainees in a 1:1 or 1:2 setting for 1 hour on a weekly basis. Registrars who trained in the Department between Jan 2009 to Dec 2012 were invited to participate in a survey …

Evaluation Of The Regional Nurse-Supported Hepatitis C Shared Care Program In Western Australia: A Mixed Methods Study, Roanna Lobo, Lester Mascarenhas, David Worthington, Judith Bevan, Donna B. Mak

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Nurse-supported shared care services for patients living with hepatitis C have been implemented in some regional areas of Western Australia to provide access to local treatment and care services for patients and to improve currently low levels of treatment uptake. This study collected data from health professionals involved in managing the care of patients living with hepatitis C and from patients engaged in regional nurse-supported hepatitis C shared care services in Western Australia.

Methods: Key informant qualitative interviews were conducted with health professionals in regions operating a nurse-supported shared care service and in regions without this service. Patients engaged …

The Thalamus As A Putative Biomarker In Neurodegenerative Disorders, Brian D. Power, Jeffrey C.L Looi

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: This review provides a brief account of the clinically relevant functional neuroanatomy of the thalamus, before considering the utility of various modalities utilised to image the thalamus and technical challenges therein, and going on to provide an overview of studies utilising structural imaging techniques to map thalamic morphology in the spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted for peer-reviewed studies involving structural neuroimaging modalities investigating the morphology (shape and/ or size) of the thalamus in the spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders.

Results: Whilst the precise role of the thalamus in the healthy brain remains unclear, there is …

Acute Ankle And Knee Injuries: To X-Ray Or Not?, G Fulde

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

The Ottawa ankle and knee rules are validated clinical decision tools that guide clinicians in targeting radiology to those patients who are likely to have an ankle or knee fracture, thus minimizing x-ray exposure of patients and reducing costs.

Conversion Of A Gastric Band Into An Intraperitoneal Port In A Patient With Optimally Debulked Stage 3c Serous Ovarian Carcinoma, P Tucker, P Cohen, J Tan, J Tan

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy in women with optimally debulked stage 3 ovarian cancer improves overall survival and progression-free survival, and its use has been encouraged in the adjuvant treatment of appropriately selected patients (Armstrong et al., 2006; Jaaback and Johnson, 2006). We describe a case in which a previously inserted adjustable gastric band was converted to an IP chemotherapy port during a laparotomy for advanced ovarian cancer.

Abdominal Compliance: A Bench-To-Bedside Review, Annika R. Blaser, Martin Bjorck, Bart De Keulenaer, Adrian Regli

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Abdominal compliance is an important determinant and predictor of available workspace during laparoscopic surgery. Furthermore, critically ill patients with a reduced abdominal compliance are at an increased risk of developing intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome both of which are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite of this, abdominal compliance is a concept, which has been neglected in the past.

Abdominal compliance is defined as a measure of the ease of abdominal expansion, expressed as a change in intra-abdominal volume per change in intra-abdominal pressure:

abdominal compliance = delta intra-abdominal volume / delta intra-abdominal pressure.

AC is a dynamic …

Models Of Survivorship Care Provision In Adult Patients With Haematological Cancer: An Integrative Literature Review, K Taylor, R Chan, L Monterosso

Nursing Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose: Increasing numbers of haematology cancer survivors warrants identification of the most effective model of survivorship care to survivors from a diverse range of haematological cancers with aggressive treatment regimens. This review aimed to identify models of survivorship care to support the needs of haematology cancer survivors.

Methods: An integrative literature review method utilised a search of electronic databases (CINAHL, Medline, PsycInfo, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library) for eligible articles (up to July 2014). Articles were included if they proposed or reported the use of a model of care for haematology cancer survivors.

Results: Fourteen articles were included …

Adaptation Of International Guidelines On Assessment And Management Of Cancer Pain For The Australian Context, M Lovell, T Luckett, F Boyle, J Stubbs, J Phillips, P Davidson, I Olver, J Von Dincklage, M Agar

Nursing Papers and Journal Articles

Aim: To develop clinical practice guidelines for screening, assessing and managing cancer pain in Australian adults.

Methods: This three phase project utilised the ADAPTE approach to adapt international cancer pain guidelines for the Australian setting. A Working Party was established to define scope, screen guidelines for adaptation, and develop recommendations to support better cancer pain control through screening, assessment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management, and patient education. Recommendations with limited evidence were referred to Expert Panels for advice before the draft guidelines were opened for public consultation via the Cancer Council Australia Cancer Guidelines Wiki platform in late 2012. All comments …

Apathy And Suicide-Related Ideation 3 Months After Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study, Wai Kwong Tang, Lara Caeiro, Chieh Grace Lau, Huajun Liang, Vincent Mok, Gabor S. Ungvari, Ka Sing Wong

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Both apathy and suicide are common in poststroke patients. However, the association between poststroke apathy and suicide-related ideation (SI) in Chinese stroke patients is not clear and poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine the association between apathy and SI in stroke.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association in 518 stroke survivors from Acute Stroke Unit of the Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong. Geriatric Mental State Examination-Version A (GMS) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory-apathy subscale (NPI-apathy) were employed to assess poststroke SI and apathy, respectively. Patients’ clinical characteristics were obtained with the …

Tracking Funded Health Intervention Research, Lesley A. King, Robyn S. Newson, Gillian E. Cohen, Jacqueline Schroeder, Selina Redman, Lucie Rychetnik, Andrew J. Milat, Adrian Bauman, Simon Chapman

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: To describe the research publication outputs from intervention research funded by Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Design and setting: Analysis of descriptive data and data on publication outputs collected between 23 July 2012 and 10 December 2013 relating to health intervention research project grants funded between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2007.

Main outcome measures: Stages of development of intervention studies (efficacy, effectiveness, replication, adaptation or dissemination of intervention); types of interventions studied; publication output per NHMRC grant; and whether interventions produced statistically significant changes in primary outcome variables.

Results: Most of the identified studies …

Should I Stay Or Should I Go? Exploring The Job Preferences Of Allied Health Professionals Working With People With Disability In Rural Australia, G Gallego, A Dew, M Lincoln, A Bundy, R Chedid, K Bulkeley, J Brentnall, C Veitch

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: The uneven distribution of allied health professionals (AHPs) in rural and remote Australia and other countries is well documented. In Australia, like elsewhere, service delivery to rural and remote communities is complicated because relatively small numbers of clients are dispersed over large geographic areas. This uneven distribution of AHPs impacts significantly on the provision of services particularly in areas of special need such as mental health, aged care and disability services.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relative importance that AHPs (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech pathologists and psychologists – “therapists”) living in a rural area of Australia and …

Can We Identify Women Who Initiate And Then Prematurely Cease Breastfeeding? An Australian Multicentre Cohort Study, Julie Quinlivan, Sonia Kua, Robert A. Gibson, Andrew Mcphee, Maria M. Makrides

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Health authorities recommend 6 months of fully breastfeeding and continuation of breastfeeding for at least a year. Many women initiate breastfeeding in hospital but discontinue before the six-month period, and therefore do not optimise the public health benefits. The aim of this study was to determine whether these women could be identified at hospital discharge, to enable targeted interventions.

Methods: A secondary analysis of women who intended to breastfeed and were enrolled in a large randomized trial was undertaken. Women were enrolled in the antenatal period and antenatal, delivery and six month postnatal questionnaires were completed. Univariate and multivariate …