Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Complete Health Improvement Program (Chip), Darren Morton

Darren Morton

Over 2,000 years ago Hippocrates asserted: "Food and exercise... work together to produce health". Evidence for the wisdom of this Hippocratic council emerged throughout the 20th Century as large epidemiological studies, including the Framingham Heart Study, Nurses Health Study, EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) and the Adventist Health Study, highlighted the relationship between lifestyle and disease.

Trends In Bmi, Diet And Lifestyle Between 1976 And 2005 In North Sydney, Lillian Kent, Anthony Worsley

Lillian Kent

Although the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australia has increased during the past 30 years, little is known about the dietary and behavioural antecedents of body mass index (BMI). We examined changes in mean BMI, diet, and other lifestyle behaviours between 1976 and 2005 and described the cross-sectional associations between these factors and BMI. A series of biennial biomedical surveys by Sydney Adventist Hospital from 1976 to 2005 allowed examination of BMI trends, while the selection of three surveys enabled detailed examination of likely dietary and lifestyle associations. Subjects included in this study were: 384 men and 338 women …

Does The Prescriptive Lifestyle Of Seventh-Day Adventists Provide Immunity From The Secular Effects Of Changes In Bmi?, Lillian Kent, Anthony Worsley

Lillian Kent

Objective: To examine the effect of Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) membership on ‘immunity’ to the secular effects of changes in BMI.

Design: Three independent, cross-sectional, screening surveys conducted by Sydney Adventist Hospital in 1976, 1986 and 1988 and a survey conducted among residents of Melbourne in 2006.

Subjects: Two hundred and fifty-two SDA and 464 non-SDA in 1976; 166 SDA and 291 non-SDA in 1986; 120 SDA and 300-non SDA in 1988; and 251 SDA and 294 non-SDA in 2006.

Measurements: Height and weight measured by hospital staff in 1976, 1986 and 1988; self-reported by respondents in 2006.

Results …

Dha Prevents Altered 5-Ht1a, 5-Ht2a, Cb1 And Gabaa Receptor Binding Densities In The Brain Of Male Rats Fed A High-Saturated-Fat Diet, Yinghua Yu, Yizhen Wu, Craig Patch, Zhixiang Wu, Alexander Szabo, Duo Li, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been linked to a number of mental illnesses such as memory loss, depression and schizophrenia. While supplementation of DHA is beneficial in improving memory and cognition, the influence of dietary fats on the neurotransmitters and receptors involved in cognitive function is still not known. The aim of this study was to investigate serotonin receptor (5-HT1A and 5-HT2A), cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor binding densities in the brain of male rats fed a high-saturated-fat (HF) diet, as well as the effect of DHA supplementation on HF diet. Alterations of …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

Validity Of A Food Frequency Questionnaire To Assess Nutritional Intake Among Sri Lankan Adults, Ranil Jayawardena, Nuala Byrne, Mario Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew P. Hills

Nuala Byrne

Sri Lanka is undergoing nutritional transition and diet-related chronic diseases are emerging as an important health problem. Currently, no validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) exists to measure habitual dietary intake of Sri Lankan adults. The purpose of the study is to assess the validity of a semi-quantitative FFQ and 7-day weighed-intake dietary records (7DWR), designed to assess dietary intake among Sri Lankan adults. Dietary intake was measured using both a FFQ and 7DWR. The FFQ consisted of 8 food groups containing the main foods comprising the diet of Sri Lankan adults, a total of 85 items and 12 color photographs …

Effect Of 1-H Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise On Intramyocellular Lipids In Obese Men Before And After A Lifestyle Intervention, Stephanie Ipavec-Levasseur, Ilaria Croci, Stephane Choquette, Nuala Byrne, Gary Cowin, Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan, Johannes Prins, Ingrid Hickman

Nuala Byrne

Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) are depleted in response to an acute bout of exercise in lean endurance-trained individuals; however, it is unclear whether changes in IMCL content are also seen in response to acute and chronic exercise in obese individuals. We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 18 obese men and 5 normal-weight controls to assess IMCL content before and after an hour of cycling at the intensity corresponding with each participant’s maximal whole-body rate of fat oxidation (Fatmax). Fatmax was determined via indirect calorimetry during a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The same outcome measures were reassessed in the …